Complicated CTE query got cannot find column in schema error

[guo-shaoge]

Bug Report

Please answer these questions before submitting your issue. Thanks!

1. Minimal reproduce step (Required)

1. tiup playground nightly --tiflash 0 --without-monitor
2. run the following sql:

drop table if exists t1, t2, t3, t4;
CREATE TABLE `t1` (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, primary key(c1, c2));
CREATE TABLE `t2` (c2 int, c1 int, primary key(c2, c1));
CREATE TABLE `t3` (c4 int, key(c4));
CREATE TABLE `t4` (c2 varchar(20) , test_col varchar(50), gen_col varchar(50) generated always as(concat(test_col,'')) virtual not null, unique key(gen_col));

select count(1)
from   (select ( case
                   when count(1)
                          over(
                            partition by a.c2) >= 50 then 1
                   else 0
                 end ) alias1,
               b.c2    as alias_col1
        from   t1 a
               left join (select c2
                          from   t4 f) k
                      on k.c2 = a.c2
               inner join t2 b
                       on b.c1 = a.c3) alias2
where  exists (select 1
               from   (select distinct alias3.c4 as c2
                       from   t3 alias3) alias4
               where  alias4.c2 = alias2.alias_col1);

2. What did you expect to see? (Required)

+----------+
| count(1) |
+----------+
|        0 |
+----------+

3. What did you see instead (Required)

ERROR 1105 (HY000): Can't find column test.t2.c2 in schema Column: [test.t1.c2,Column#13,test.t3.c4] Unique key: []

4. What is your TiDB version? (Required)

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| tidb_version()                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Release Version: v7.3.0-alpha
Edition: Community
Git Commit Hash: 8ef5b4a65c8a7c200c1b6713f309426cd162b7f2
Git Branch: heads/refs/tags/v7.3.0-alpha
UTC Build Time: 2023-06-27 14:35:52
GoVersion: go1.20.5
Race Enabled: false
Check Table Before Drop: false
Store: tikv |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+