Q1: What are the differences between var, let, and const in JavaScript?

Scope: Var declarations are function-scoped or globally scoped if declared outside the function, which means accessible throughout the function. In contrast, let and const are block-scoped, making only accessible within the block(like if statement or a loop)

Hoisting: • Variables which are declared with var keyword are hoisted to the top of their function or global scope and are initialized with undefined. • They can be used before the declaration. • Let and const are also hoisted but not initialized, creating a temporal dead zone from the block start to the declaration line.

Reassignment and re-declaration: • Variables which are declared with var can be re-declared and updated within its scope. • Let allows updating but not re-declaration in the same scope. Const is for constant; it cannot be updated or re-declared once initialized.