fix: perform arithmetic simplification through `CheckedCast` #16859

Job	Run time
build-apple-darwin (x86_64-apple-darwin)	6m 26s
build-linux (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)	2m 41s
build-apple-darwin (aarch64-apple-darwin)	6m 39s
build-linux (x86_64-unknown-linux-musl)	3m 6s
build-linux (aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu)	3m 0s
	21m 52s

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