Introduce a ruletype state field in the minder proto

[rdimitrov]

Summary

The following PR introduces a new field to the ruletype proto message called state.

It also includes a custom marshal/unmarshal handling so we fail if we try to unmarshal the field with a value that is not one of the enums.

Fixes #4241

Change Type

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• Bug fix (resolves an issue without affecting existing features)
• Feature (adds new functionality without breaking changes)
• Breaking change (may impact existing functionalities or require documentation updates)
• Documentation (updates or additions to documentation)
• Refactoring or test improvements (no bug fixes or new functionality)

Testing

Outline how the changes were tested, including steps to reproduce and any relevant configurations.
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Review Checklist:

• Reviewed my own code for quality and clarity.
• Added comments to complex or tricky code sections.
• Updated any affected documentation.
• Included tests that validate the fix or feature.
• Checked that related changes are merged.

[coveralls]

coverage: 53.707% (+0.004%) from 53.703%
when pulling 07ba011 on add-state
into 0cbe5ab on main.

[rdimitrov]

Ran the smoke tests locally using the PR from - https://github.com/stacklok/minder-rules-and-profiles/pull/145 and they passed.