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Pinot Spark Connector for Spark3 (#10394)
* Implement Pinot Spark connector for Spark3 * Address documentation related comments * Add docstrings for main classes * Add sample command for running example jobs in cluster mode
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| <!-- | ||
| Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one | ||
| or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file | ||
| distributed with this work for additional information | ||
| regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file | ||
| to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the | ||
| "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance | ||
| with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | ||
| http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | ||
| Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, | ||
| software distributed under the License is distributed on an | ||
| "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY | ||
| KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the | ||
| specific language governing permissions and limitations | ||
| under the License. | ||
| --> | ||
| # Spark-Pinot Connector | ||
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| Spark-pinot connector to read data from Pinot. | ||
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| Detailed read model documentation is here; [Spark-Pinot Connector Read Model](documentation/read_model.md) | ||
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| ## Features | ||
| - Query realtime, offline or hybrid tables | ||
| - Distributed, parallel scan | ||
| - Streaming reads using gRPC (optional) | ||
| - SQL support instead of PQL | ||
| - Column and filter push down to optimize performance | ||
| - Overlap between realtime and offline segments is queried exactly once for hybrid tables | ||
| - Schema discovery | ||
| - Dynamic inference | ||
| - Static analysis of case class | ||
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| ## Quick Start | ||
| ```scala | ||
| import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession | ||
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| val spark: SparkSession = SparkSession | ||
| .builder() | ||
| .appName("spark-pinot-connector-test") | ||
| .master("local") | ||
| .getOrCreate() | ||
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| import spark.implicits._ | ||
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| val data = spark.read | ||
| .format("pinot") | ||
| .option("table", "airlineStats") | ||
| .option("tableType", "offline") | ||
| .load() | ||
| .filter($"DestStateName" === "Florida") | ||
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| data.show(100) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Examples | ||
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| There are more examples included in `src/test/scala/.../ExampleSparkPinotConnectorTest.scala`. | ||
| You can run the examples locally (e.g. using your IDE) in standalone mode by starting a local Pinot cluster. See: https://docs.pinot.apache.org/basics/getting-started/running-pinot-locally | ||
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| You can also run the tests in _cluster mode_ using following command: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| export SPARK_CLUSTER=<YOUR_YARN_OR_SPARK_CLUSTER> | ||
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| # Edit the ExampleSparkPinotConnectorTest to get rid of `.master("local")` and rebuild the jar before running this command | ||
| spark-submit \ | ||
| --class org.apache.pinot.connector.spark.v3.datasource.ExampleSparkPinotConnectorTest \ | ||
| --jars ./target/pinot-spark-3-connector-0.13.0-SNAPSHOT-shaded.jar \ | ||
| --master $SPARK_CLUSTER \ | ||
| --deploy-mode cluster \ | ||
| ./target/pinot-spark-3-connector-0.13.0-SNAPSHOT-tests.jar | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Spark-Pinot connector uses Spark `DatasourceV2 API`. Please check the Databricks presentation for DatasourceV2 API; | ||
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| https://www.slideshare.net/databricks/apache-spark-data-source-v2-with-wenchen-fan-and-gengliang-wang | ||
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| ## Future Works | ||
| - Add integration tests for read operation | ||
| - Add write support(pinot segment write logic will be changed in later versions of pinot) |
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pinot-connectors/pinot-spark-3-connector/documentation/read_model.md
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| <!-- | ||
| Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one | ||
| or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file | ||
| distributed with this work for additional information | ||
| regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file | ||
| to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the | ||
| "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance | ||
| with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | ||
| http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | ||
| Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, | ||
| software distributed under the License is distributed on an | ||
| "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY | ||
| KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the | ||
| specific language governing permissions and limitations | ||
| under the License. | ||
| --> | ||
| # Read Model | ||
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| Connector can scan offline, hybrid and realtime tables. Base two options <`table` and `tableType`> parameters have to given like below; | ||
| - For offline table: `table: tbl`, `tableType: OFFLINE or offline` | ||
| - For realtime table `table: tbl`, `tableType: REALTIME or realtime` | ||
| - For hybrid table `table: tbl`, `tableType: HYBRID or hybrid` | ||
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| An example scan; | ||
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| ```scala | ||
| val df = spark.read | ||
| .format("pinot") | ||
| .option("table", "airlineStats") | ||
| .option("tableType", "offline") | ||
| .load() | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Custom schema can be specified directly. If schema is not specified, connector read table schema from Pinot controller, and then convert to the Spark schema. | ||
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| ### Architecture | ||
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| Connector reads data from `Pinot Servers` directly. For this operation, firstly, connector creates query with given filters(if filter push down is enabled) and columns, then finds routing table for created query. It creates pinot splits that contains **ONE PINOT SERVER and ONE OR MORE SEGMENT per spark partition**, based on the routing table and `segmentsPerSplit`(detailed explain is defined below). Lastly, each partition read data from specified pinot server in parallel. | ||
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|  | ||
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| Each Spark partition open connection with Pinot server, and read data. For example, assume that routing table informations for specified query is like that: | ||
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| ``` | ||
| - realtime -> | ||
| - realtimeServer1 -> (segment1, segment2, segment3) | ||
| - realtimeServer2 -> (segment4) | ||
| - offline -> | ||
| - offlineServer10 -> (segment10, segment20) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| If `segmentsPerSplit` is equal to 3, there will be created 3 Spark partition like below; | ||
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| | Spark Partition | Queried Pinot Server/Segments | | ||
| | ------------- | ------------- | | ||
| | partition1 | realtimeServer1 / segment1, segment2, segment3 | | ||
| | partition2 | realtimeServer2 / segment4 | | ||
| | partition3 | offlineServer10 / segment10, segment20 | | ||
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| If `segmentsPerSplit` is equal to 1, there will be created 6 Spark partition; | ||
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| | Spark Partition | Queried Pinot Server/Segments | | ||
| | ------------- | ------------- | | ||
| | partition1 | realtimeServer1 / segment1 | | ||
| | partition2 | realtimeServer1 / segment2 | | ||
| | partition3 | realtimeServer1 / segment3 | | ||
| | partition4 | realtimeServer2 / segment4 | | ||
| | partition5 | offlineServer10 / segment10 | | ||
| | partition6 | offlineServer10 / segment20 | | ||
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| If `segmentsPerSplit` value is too low, that means more parallelism. But this also mean that a lot of connection will be opened with Pinot servers, and will increase QPS on the Pinot servers. | ||
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| If `segmentsPerSplit` value is too high, that means less parallelism. Each Pinot server will scan more segments per request. | ||
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| **Note:** Pinot servers prunes segments based on the segment metadata when query comes. In some cases(for example filtering based on the some columns), some servers may not return data. Therefore, some Spark partitions will be empty. In this cases, `repartition()` may be applied for efficient data analysis after loading data to Spark. | ||
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| ### Filter And Column Push Down | ||
| Connector supports filter and column push down. Filters and columns are pushed to the pinot servers. Filter and column push down improves the performance while reading data because of its minimizing data transfer between Pinot and Spark. In default, filter push down enabled. If filters are desired to be applied in Spark, `usePushDownFilters` should be set as `false`. | ||
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| Connector uses SQL, as a result all sql filters are supported. | ||
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| ### Segment Pruning | ||
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| Connector receives routing table of given query to get information on which Pinot servers to will be queried and which segments will be scan. If partitioning is enabled for given Pinot table, and created query in Spark will be scan the specific partitions, only required Pinot server and segment informations will be got(that means segment pruning operation will be applied before data reading like Pinot brokers). For more information; [Optimizing Scatter and Gather in Pinot](https://docs.pinot.apache.org/operators/operating-pinot/tuning/routing#optimizing-scatter-and-gather) | ||
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| ### Table Querying | ||
| Connector uses SQL to query Pinot tables. | ||
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| Connector creates realtime and offline queries based on the filters and required columns. | ||
| - If queried table type is `OFFLINE` or `REALTIME`, routing table information will be got for specific table type. | ||
| - If queried table type is `HYBRID`, realtime and offline routing table information will be got. Also, connector receives `TimeBoundary` information for given table, and use it in query to ensure that the overlap between realtime and offline segment data is queried exactly once. For more information; [Pinot Broker](https://docs.pinot.apache.org/basics/components/broker) | ||
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| ### Query Generation | ||
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| Example generated queries for given usages(assume that `airlineStats` table is hybrid and TimeBoundary information is `DaysSinceEpoch, 16084`); | ||
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| ```scala | ||
| val df = spark.read | ||
| .format("pinot") | ||
| .option("table", "airlineStats") | ||
| .option("tableType", "hybrid") | ||
| .load() | ||
| ``` | ||
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| For above usage, realtime and offline SQL queries will be created; | ||
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| - Offline query: `select * from airlineStats_OFFLINE where DaysSinceEpoch < 16084 LIMIT {Int.MaxValue}` | ||
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| - Realtime query: `select * from airlineStats_REALTIME where DaysSinceEpoch >= 16084 LIMIT {Int.MaxValue}` | ||
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| ```scala | ||
| val df = spark.read | ||
| .format("pinot") | ||
| .option("table", "airlineStats") | ||
| .option("tableType", "offline") | ||
| .load() | ||
| .filter($"DestStateName" === "Florida") | ||
| .filter($"Origin" === "ORD") | ||
| .select($"DestStateName", $"Origin", $"Carrier") | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - Offline query: `select DestStateName, Origin, Carrier from airlineStats_OFFLINE where DestStateName = 'Florida and Origin = 'ORD' LIMIT {Int.MaxValue}` | ||
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| **Note: Limit is added to every query. Because, generated queries will be converted to the Pinot `BrokerRequest` class. In this operation, pinot sets limit to `10` automatically. Therefore, `LIMIT` was set to `Int.MaxValue` to prevent this issue.** | ||
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| ### Connector Read Parameters | ||
| | Configuration | Description | Required | Default Value | | ||
| | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | | ||
| | table | Pinot table name without table type | Yes | - | | ||
| | tableType | Pinot table type(`realtime`, `offline` or `hybrid`) | Yes | - | | ||
| | controller | Pinot controller url and port. Input should be `url:port` format without schema. Connector does not support `https` schema for now. | No | localhost:9000 | | ||
| | broker | Pinot broker url and port. Input should be `url:port` format without schema. If not specified, connector will find broker instances of table automatically. Connector does not support `https` schema for now | No | Fetch broker instances of table from Pinot Controller | | ||
| | usePushDownFilters | Push filters to pinot servers or not. If true, data exchange between pinot server and spark will be minimized. | No | true | | ||
| | segmentsPerSplit | Represents the maximum segment count that will be scanned by pinot server in one connection | No | 3 | | ||
| | pinotServerTimeoutMs | The maximum timeout(ms) to get data from pinot server | No | 10 mins | | ||
| | useGrpcServer | Boolean value to enable reads via gRPC. This option is more memory efficient both on Pinot server and Spark executor side because it utilizes streaming. Requires gRPC to be enabled on Pinot server. | No | false | |
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