Update default Rust to nightly-2024-06-17

This commit updates the default version of Rust installed for fuzzing.
In google#11626 it was found that at the time Rust's upgraded version of LLVM
didn't play well with the LLVM used on OSS-Fuzz, but since then Rust was
temporarily pinned in google#11681 to an older nightly. It looks like though
that in google#11714 the LLVM version was upgraded to 18 so this updates Rust
to today's nightly which is using LLVM 18.1.7. Discussion in google#11626
seems to point in the direction of keeping Rust pinned rather than going
back to using `nightly` which updates each day.

The motivation for this commit is that the Wasmtime project is seeing
[build failures][log] for using APIs stabilized in Rust 1.77.0. The
older nightly version used on OSS-Fuzz doesn't have access to these
APIs, so this update should help resolve Wasmtime's build failure.

[log]: https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/log-cc290775-8669-4cba-8370-60d5a56a9de8.txt

infra/base-images/base-builder/install_rust.sh

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #
 ################################################################################
 
-curl https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain=nightly-2023-12-28 --profile=minimal
+curl https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain=nightly-2024-06-17 --profile=minimal
 cargo install cargo-fuzz && rm -rf /rust/registry
 # Needed to recompile rust std library for MSAN
 rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2023-12-28