Support pydantic v2 and get rid of plum warnings

[johnzl-777]

This PR attempts to kill two 🐦s with one two 🪨s :

1. Due to Amazon Braket packages Bloqade depends on migrating to pydantic V2 and the incompatibility of the pydantic V1 API with V2, the easiest route to upgrade Bloqade to V2 has been taken (just replacing import pydantic... with import pydantic.v1).

2. plum, used for multiple dispatch in add_position, does not seem to play nicely with numpy ndarrays, issuing a warning that the type hint could not be resolved and the type is not faithful. As a result, plum is no longer used and I've instead fallen back to a combination of if..elif and is_bearable from beartype.door

[github-actions]

PR Preview Action v1.4.7
Preview removed because the pull request was closed.
2024-04-02 15:07 UTC

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.72%. Comparing base (259e5dc) to head (5e089b6).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

❗ Current head 5e089b6 differs from pull request most recent head b4c3736. Consider uploading reports for the commit b4c3736 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #922   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   89.72%   89.72%           
=======================================
  Files         110      110           
  Lines        7864     7867    +3     
=======================================
+ Hits         7056     7059    +3     
  Misses        808      808           

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[weinbe58]

LGTM, make sure to remove plum from the dependencies if it isn't being used