feat(config): installer.build-config-settings.pkg

This change introduces the `installer.build-config-settings.<pkg>`
configuration option to allow for PEP 517 build config settings to be
passed to the respective build backends when a dependency is built
during installation.

This feature was chosen not to be exposed via an addition to the
dependency specification schema as these configurations can differ
between environments.

Resolves: #845

docs/configuration.md

@@ -271,6 +271,44 @@ values, usage instructions and warnings.
 
 Use parallel execution when using the new (`>=1.1.0`) installer.
 
+### `installer.build-config-settings.<package-name>`
+
+**Type**: `Serialised JSON with string or list of string properties`
+
+**Default**: `None`
+
+**Environment Variable**: `POETRY_INSTALLER_BUILD_CONFIG_SETTINGS_<package-name>`
+
+*Introduced in 2.1.0*
+
+Configure [PEP 517 config settings](https://peps.python.org/pep-0517/#config-settings) to be passed to a package's
+build backend if it has to be built from a directory or vcs source; or a source distribution during installation.
+
+This is only used when a compatible binary distribution (wheel) is not available for a package. This can be used along
+with [`installer.no-binary`]({{< relref "configuration#installerno-binary" >}}) option to force a build with these
+configurations when a dependency of your project with the specified name is being installed.
+
+{{% note %}}
+Poetry does not offer a similar option in the `pyproject.toml` file as these are, in majority of cases, not universal
+and vary depending on the target installation environment.
+
+If you want to use a project specific configuration it is recommended that this configuration be set locally, in your
+project's `poetry.toml` file.
+
+```bash
+poetry config --local installer.build-config-settings.grpcio \
+  '{"CC": "gcc", "--global-option": ["--some-global-option"], "--build-option": ["--build-option1", "--build-option2"]}'
+```
+
+If you want to modify a single key, you can do, by setting the same key again.
+
+```bash
+poetry config --local installer.build-config-settings.grpcio \
+  '{"CC": "g++"}'
+```
+
+{{% /note %}}
+
 ### `requests.max-retries`
 
 **Type**: `int`

src/poetry/config/config.py

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import dataclasses
+import json
 import logging
 import os
 import re
 
 from copy import deepcopy
+from json import JSONDecodeError
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Any
 from typing import ClassVar
 
+from packaging.utils import NormalizedName
 from packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
 
 from poetry.config.dict_config_source import DictConfigSource
@@ -22,6 +25,8 @@
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Callable
+    from collections.abc import Mapping
+    from collections.abc import Sequence
 
     from poetry.config.config_source import ConfigSource
 
@@ -38,6 +43,37 @@ def int_normalizer(val: str) -> int:
     return int(val)
 
 
+def build_config_setting_validator(val: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        value = build_config_setting_normalizer(val)
+    except JSONDecodeError:
+        return False
+
+    if not isinstance(value, dict):
+        return False
+
+    for key, item in value.items():
+        # keys should be string
+        if not isinstance(key, str):
+            return False
+
+        # items are allowed to be a string
+        if isinstance(item, str):
+            continue
+
+        # list items should only contain strings
+        is_valid_list = isinstance(item, list) and all(isinstance(i, str) for i in item)
+        if not is_valid_list:
+            return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+def build_config_setting_normalizer(val: str) -> Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]]:
+    value: Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]] = json.loads(val)
+    return value
+
+
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class PackageFilterPolicy:
     policy: dataclasses.InitVar[str | list[str] | None]
@@ -128,6 +164,7 @@ class Config:
             "max-workers": None,
             "no-binary": None,
             "only-binary": None,
+            "build-config-settings": {},
         },
         "solver": {
             "lazy-wheel": True,
@@ -208,6 +245,26 @@ def _get_environment_repositories() -> dict[str, dict[str, str]]:
 
         return repositories
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_environment_build_config_settings() -> Mapping[
+        NormalizedName, Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]]
+    ]:
+        build_config_settings = {}
+        pattern = re.compile(r"POETRY_INSTALLER_BUILD_CONFIG_SETTINGS_(?P<name>[^.]+)")
+
+        for env_key in os.environ:
+            if match := pattern.match(env_key):
+                if not build_config_setting_validator(os.environ[env_key]):
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Invalid value set for environment variable %s", env_key
+                    )
+                    continue
+                build_config_settings[canonicalize_name(match.group("name"))] = (
+                    build_config_setting_normalizer(os.environ[env_key])
+                )
+
+        return build_config_settings
+
     @property
     def repository_cache_directory(self) -> Path:
         return Path(self.get("cache-dir")).expanduser() / "cache" / "repositories"
@@ -244,6 +301,9 @@ def get(self, setting_name: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
         Retrieve a setting value.
         """
         keys = setting_name.split(".")
+        build_config_settings: Mapping[
+            NormalizedName, Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]]
+        ] = {}
 
         # Looking in the environment if the setting
         # is set via a POETRY_* environment variable
@@ -254,12 +314,25 @@ def get(self, setting_name: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
                 if repositories:
                     return repositories
 
-            env = "POETRY_" + "_".join(k.upper().replace("-", "_") for k in keys)
-            env_value = os.getenv(env)
-            if env_value is not None:
-                return self.process(self._get_normalizer(setting_name)(env_value))
+            build_config_settings_key = "installer.build-config-settings"
+            if setting_name == build_config_settings_key or setting_name.startswith(
+                f"{build_config_settings_key}."
+            ):
+                build_config_settings = self._get_environment_build_config_settings()
+            else:
+                env = "POETRY_" + "_".join(k.upper().replace("-", "_") for k in keys)
+                env_value = os.getenv(env)
+                if env_value is not None:
+                    return self.process(self._get_normalizer(setting_name)(env_value))
 
         value = self._config
+
+        # merge installer build config settings from the environment
+        for package_name in build_config_settings:
+            value["installer"]["build-config-settings"][package_name] = (
+                build_config_settings[package_name]
+            )
+
         for key in keys:
             if key not in value:
                 return self.process(default)
@@ -318,6 +391,9 @@ def _get_normalizer(name: str) -> Callable[[str], Any]:
         if name in ["installer.no-binary", "installer.only-binary"]:
             return PackageFilterPolicy.normalize
 
+        if name.startswith("installer.build-config-settings."):
+            return build_config_setting_normalizer
+
         return lambda val: val
 
     @classmethod

src/poetry/console/commands/config.py

@@ -11,13 +11,17 @@
 
 from cleo.helpers import argument
 from cleo.helpers import option
+from installer.utils import canonicalize_name
 
 from poetry.config.config import PackageFilterPolicy
 from poetry.config.config import boolean_normalizer
 from poetry.config.config import boolean_validator
+from poetry.config.config import build_config_setting_normalizer
+from poetry.config.config import build_config_setting_validator
 from poetry.config.config import int_normalizer
 from poetry.config.config_source import UNSET
 from poetry.config.config_source import ConfigSourceMigration
+from poetry.config.config_source import PropertyNotFoundError
 from poetry.console.commands.command import Command
 
 
@@ -149,9 +153,28 @@ def handle(self) -> int:
             if setting_key.split(".")[0] in self.LIST_PROHIBITED_SETTINGS:
                 raise ValueError(f"Expected a value for {setting_key} setting.")
 
-            m = re.match(r"^repos?(?:itories)?(?:\.(.+))?", self.argument("key"))
-            value: str | dict[str, Any]
-            if m:
+            value: str | dict[str, Any] | list[str]
+
+            if m := re.match(
+                r"installer\.build-config-settings(\.([^.]+))?", self.argument("key")
+            ):
+                if not m.group(1):
+                    if value := config.get("installer.build-config-settings"):
+                        self._list_configuration(value, value)
+                    else:
+                        self.line("No packages configured with build config settings.")
+                else:
+                    package_name = canonicalize_name(m.group(2))
+                    key = f"installer.build-config-settings.{package_name}"
+
+                    if value := config.get(key):
+                        self.line(json.dumps(value))
+                    else:
+                        self.line(
+                            f"No build config settings configured for <c1>{package_name}."
+                        )
+                return 0
+            elif m := re.match(r"^repos?(?:itories)?(?:\.(.+))?", self.argument("key")):
                 if not m.group(1):
                     value = {}
                     if config.get("repositories") is not None:
@@ -287,6 +310,35 @@ def handle(self) -> int:
 
             return 0
 
+        # handle build config settings
+        m = re.match(r"installer\.build-config-settings\.([^.]+)", self.argument("key"))
+        if m:
+            key = f"installer.build-config-settings.{canonicalize_name(m.group(1))}"
+
+            if self.option("unset"):
+                config.config_source.remove_property(key)
+                return 0
+
+            try:
+                settings = config.config_source.get_property(key)
+            except PropertyNotFoundError:
+                settings = {}
+
+            for value in values:
+                if build_config_setting_validator(value):
+                    config_settings = build_config_setting_normalizer(value)
+                    for setting_name, item in config_settings.items():
+                        settings[setting_name] = item
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        f"Invalid build config setting '{value}'. "
+                        "It must be a valid JSON with each property a string or a list of strings."
+                    )
+
+            config.config_source.add_property(key, settings)
+
+            return 0
+
         raise ValueError(f"Setting {self.argument('key')} does not exist")
 
     def _handle_single_value(

src/poetry/installation/chef.py

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping
+    from collections.abc import Sequence
+
     from build import DistributionType
 
     from poetry.repositories import RepositoryPool
@@ -31,19 +34,36 @@ def __init__(
         self._artifact_cache = artifact_cache
 
     def prepare(
-        self, archive: Path, output_dir: Path | None = None, *, editable: bool = False
+        self,
+        archive: Path,
+        output_dir: Path | None = None,
+        *,
+        editable: bool = False,
+        config_settings: Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]] | None = None,
     ) -> Path:
         if not self._should_prepare(archive):
             return archive
 
         if archive.is_dir():
             destination = output_dir or Path(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="poetry-chef-"))
-            return self._prepare(archive, destination=destination, editable=editable)
+            return self._prepare(
+                archive,
+                destination=destination,
+                editable=editable,
+                config_settings=config_settings,
+            )
 
-        return self._prepare_sdist(archive, destination=output_dir)
+        return self._prepare_sdist(
+            archive, destination=output_dir, config_settings=config_settings
+        )
 
     def _prepare(
-        self, directory: Path, destination: Path, *, editable: bool = False
+        self,
+        directory: Path,
+        destination: Path,
+        *,
+        editable: bool = False,
+        config_settings: Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]] | None = None,
     ) -> Path:
         distribution: DistributionType = "editable" if editable else "wheel"
         with isolated_builder(
@@ -56,10 +76,16 @@ def _prepare(
                 builder.build(
                     distribution,
                     destination.as_posix(),
+                    config_settings=config_settings,
                 )
             )
 
-    def _prepare_sdist(self, archive: Path, destination: Path | None = None) -> Path:
+    def _prepare_sdist(
+        self,
+        archive: Path,
+        destination: Path | None = None,
+        config_settings: Mapping[str, str | Sequence[str]] | None = None,
+    ) -> Path:
         from poetry.core.packages.utils.link import Link
 
         suffix = archive.suffix
@@ -88,6 +114,7 @@ def _prepare_sdist(self, archive: Path, destination: Path | None = None) -> Path
             return self._prepare(
                 sdist_dir,
                 destination,
+                config_settings=config_settings,
             )
 
     def _should_prepare(self, archive: Path) -> bool: