LOBAs :Boring Line Of Business Applications
There are all sort of systems.
The first ones I had to study in a real abstract way were electronic & signal processing systems.
This has biased me into abstracting solutions to problems into a series of components. Each component has a specific function with inputs, outputs, a process (some function) and eventually a feedback loop.
Except when building or troubleshooting the internals of the component, you don't really care what and how it really works. You only need inputs, outputs and some function, describing accurately enough,how one signal is transformed into another.
Those components are then assembled together, the output of one becoming the input of the other, to form a more complex system exhibiting more interesting behaviors.
That resulting composition then becomes a new components that has a specific function with inputs, outputs, a process (some function) and eventually a feedback loop.
That new more complex component can then be reasoned about without necessarily needing to understand its internal structure.