Category pages not cached when additions added to path

[joejoe04]

Describe the bug
The general pattern of the issue is that a page like this one is cached:
https://example.com/product-category/powerflex/

While ones like this are not cached:
https://example.com/product-category/powerflex/filters/powerflex-car-model/alto-1987-2011/

This is in relation to the following WooCommerce Ajax Products Filter plugin (though I suppose it could happen with other plugins that do similar things with URL paths):
https://berocket.com/woocommerce-ajax-products-filter/

When filters are applied to the first page above, the filter function works by adding the additional parts to the page's path, and we get the 2nd URL not cached.

Rocket Debug shows the following reasons:
Page not cached by filter.
Buffer content under 255 characters.

For additional context, we made this update some time ago to prevent caching for invalid taxomonies:
#6984

However, it seems that change has caused some pages that are valid, like the one above, to not be cached.

Expected behavior
The valid taxonomy pages should be cached while still not allowing invalid taxonomy pages to be cached.

Screenshots
https://imagizer.imageshack.com/a/img923/6659/lbFRCE.png

Additional context

Ticket:
https://secure.helpscout.net/conversation/2841718115/539402

Slack:
https://wp-media.slack.com/archives/C07PZNW7BJ5/p1739203324588729?thread_ts=1739169608.110309&cid=C07PZNW7BJ5

[suzoutlet]

Also had a related case here: https://secure.helpscout.net/conversation/2832222833/537596
In this case, the URLs were modified with Rewrite rules.

[juricazuanovic]

Had this kind of case here: https://secure.helpscout.net/conversation/2840308531/539144

[mifrero]

Another case: https://secure.helpscout.net/conversation/2844780797/539991?viewId=2952229

[Khadreal]

We'll add a filter to disable this feature completely when needed.

[joejoe04]

Related: https://secure.helpscout.net/conversation/2849118004/540763