diff --git a/lib/mobility/backends/active_record.rb b/lib/mobility/backends/active_record.rb
index 9a1a59e85..a3187c79c 100644
--- a/lib/mobility/backends/active_record.rb
+++ b/lib/mobility/backends/active_record.rb
@@ -7,19 +7,6 @@ def self.included(backend_class)
       end
 
       module ClassMethods
-        def build_predicate(attr, locale, values, backend_options)
-          node = build_node(attr, locale, backend_options)
-
-          nils, vals = Array.wrap(collapse(values)).uniq.partition(&:nil?)
-          return node.eq(nil) if vals.empty?
-
-          vals = vals.map { |val| quote_value(val, backend_options) }
-
-          predicate = vals.length == 1 ? node.eq(vals.first) : node.in(vals)
-          predicate = predicate.or(node.eq(nil)) unless nils.empty?
-          predicate
-        end
-
         def quote_value(value, **)
           value.to_s
         end
@@ -32,10 +19,6 @@ def add_scope(relation, _opts, _locale, _invert, _backend_options)
           relation
         end
 
-        def collapse(value)
-          value.is_a?(Array) ? value.uniq : value
-        end
-
         def build_quoted(value)
           ::Arel::Nodes.build_quoted(value)
         end
diff --git a/lib/mobility/backends/active_record/jsonb.rb b/lib/mobility/backends/active_record/jsonb.rb
index a219108ca..2c062720d 100644
--- a/lib/mobility/backends/active_record/jsonb.rb
+++ b/lib/mobility/backends/active_record/jsonb.rb
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class Jsonb < PgHash
 
         def self.build_node(attr, locale, model_class:, column_affix:, **)
           column_name = column_affix % attr
-          Node.new(model_class.arel_table[column_name], ::Arel::Nodes.build_quoted(locale))
+          Node.new(model_class.arel_table[column_name], build_quoted(locale))
         end
 
         def self.quote_value(value, **)
diff --git a/lib/mobility/plugins/query.rb b/lib/mobility/plugins/query.rb
index b27d0a52d..7eff3b2cc 100644
--- a/lib/mobility/plugins/query.rb
+++ b/lib/mobility/plugins/query.rb
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ def map(opts, locale, invert: false)
 
                 attrs_opts = opts.slice(*i18n_keys)
 
-                backend_class = attrs.backend_class
+                predicate_builder = PredicateBuilder.new(attrs.backend_class)
                 predicates += i18n_keys.map do |key|
-                  backend_class.build_predicate(key, locale, opts.delete(key), attrs.options)
+                  predicate_builder.build(key, locale, opts.delete(key), attrs.options)
                 end
 
                 [attrs, attrs_opts]
@@ -91,7 +91,30 @@ def map(opts, locale, invert: false)
             end
           end
 
-          private_constant :WhereChain, :ClauseMapper
+          class PredicateBuilder
+            def initialize(backend_class)
+              @backend_class = backend_class
+            end
+
+            def build(attr, locale, values, backend_options)
+              node = @backend_class.build_node(attr, locale, backend_options)
+
+              nils, vals = Array.wrap(collapse(values)).uniq.partition(&:nil?)
+              return node.eq(nil) if vals.empty?
+
+              vals = vals.map { |val| @backend_class.quote_value(val, backend_options) }
+
+              predicate = vals.length == 1 ? node.eq(vals.first) : node.in(vals)
+              predicate = predicate.or(node.eq(nil)) unless nils.empty?
+              predicate
+            end
+
+            def collapse(value)
+              value.is_a?(Array) ? value.uniq : value
+            end
+          end
+
+          private_constant :WhereChain, :ClauseMapper, :PredicateBuilder
         end
 
         class FindByMethods < Module