diff --git a/tests/test_3372_akRecord_setitem.py b/tests/test_3372_akRecord_setitem.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb275fe61f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_3372_akRecord_setitem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# BSD 3-Clause License; see https://github.com/scikit-hep/awkward/blob/main/LICENSE
+# ruff: noqa: E402
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import awkward as ak
+
+
+def test():
+    rec = ak.Record({"a": 1})
+    assert isinstance(rec.layout, ak.record.Record)
+
+    rec["b"] = 2
+    assert isinstance(rec.layout, ak.record.Record)