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secp256k1_ellswift.h
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#ifndef SECP256K1_ELLSWIFT_H
#define SECP256K1_ELLSWIFT_H
#include "secp256k1.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* This module provides an implementation of ElligatorSwift as well as a
* version of x-only ECDH using it (including compatibility with BIP324).
*
* ElligatorSwift is described in https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/759 by
* Chavez-Saab, Rodriguez-Henriquez, and Tibouchi. It permits encoding
* uniformly chosen public keys as 64-byte arrays which are indistinguishable
* from uniformly random arrays.
*
* Let f be the function from pairs of field elements to point X coordinates,
* defined as follows (all operations modulo p = 2^256 - 2^32 - 977)
* f(u,t):
* - Let C = 0xa2d2ba93507f1df233770c2a797962cc61f6d15da14ecd47d8d27ae1cd5f852,
* a square root of -3.
* - If u=0, set u=1 instead.
* - If t=0, set t=1 instead.
* - If u^3 + t^2 + 7 = 0, multiply t by 2.
* - Let X = (u^3 + 7 - t^2) / (2 * t)
* - Let Y = (X + t) / (C * u)
* - Return the first in [u + 4 * Y^2, (-X/Y - u) / 2, (X/Y - u) / 2] that is an
* X coordinate on the curve (at least one of them is, for any u and t).
*
* Then an ElligatorSwift encoding of x consists of the 32-byte big-endian
* encodings of field elements u and t concatenated, where f(u,t) = x.
* The encoding algorithm is described in the paper, and effectively picks a
* uniformly random pair (u,t) among those which encode x.
*
* If the Y coordinate is relevant, it is given the same parity as t.
*
* Changes w.r.t. the paper:
* - The u=0, t=0, and u^3+t^2+7=0 conditions result in decoding to the point
* at infinity in the paper. Here they are remapped to finite points.
* - The paper uses an additional encoding bit for the parity of y. Here the
* parity of t is used (negating t does not affect the decoded x coordinate,
* so this is possible).
*
* For mathematical background about the scheme, see the doc/ellswift.md file.
*/
/** A pointer to a function used by secp256k1_ellswift_xdh to hash the shared X
* coordinate along with the encoded public keys to a uniform shared secret.
*
* Returns: 1 if a shared secret was successfully computed.
* 0 will cause secp256k1_ellswift_xdh to fail and return 0.
* Other return values are not allowed, and the behaviour of
* secp256k1_ellswift_xdh is undefined for other return values.
* Out: output: pointer to an array to be filled by the function
* In: x32: pointer to the 32-byte serialized X coordinate
* of the resulting shared point (will not be NULL)
* ell_a64: pointer to the 64-byte encoded public key of party A
* (will not be NULL)
* ell_b64: pointer to the 64-byte encoded public key of party B
* (will not be NULL)
* data: arbitrary data pointer that is passed through
*/
typedef int (*secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function)(
unsigned char *output,
const unsigned char *x32,
const unsigned char *ell_a64,
const unsigned char *ell_b64,
void *data
);
/** An implementation of an secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function which uses
* SHA256(prefix64 || ell_a64 || ell_b64 || x32), where prefix64 is the 64-byte
* array pointed to by data. */
SECP256K1_API const secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function_prefix;
/** An implementation of an secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function compatible with
* BIP324. It returns H_tag(ell_a64 || ell_b64 || x32), where H_tag is the
* BIP340 tagged hash function with tag "bip324_ellswift_xonly_ecdh". Equivalent
* to secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function_prefix with prefix64 set to
* SHA256("bip324_ellswift_xonly_ecdh")||SHA256("bip324_ellswift_xonly_ecdh").
* The data argument is ignored. */
SECP256K1_API const secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function_bip324;
/** Construct a 64-byte ElligatorSwift encoding of a given pubkey.
*
* Returns: 1 always.
* Args: ctx: pointer to a context object
* Out: ell64: pointer to a 64-byte array to be filled
* In: pubkey: pointer to a secp256k1_pubkey containing an
* initialized public key
* rnd32: pointer to 32 bytes of randomness
*
* It is recommended that rnd32 consists of 32 uniformly random bytes, not
* known to any adversary trying to detect whether public keys are being
* encoded, though 16 bytes of randomness (padded to an array of 32 bytes,
* e.g., with zeros) suffice to make the result indistinguishable from
* uniform. The randomness in rnd32 must not be a deterministic function of
* the pubkey (it can be derived from the private key, though).
*
* It is not guaranteed that the computed encoding is stable across versions
* of the library, even if all arguments to this function (including rnd32)
* are the same.
*
* This function runs in variable time.
*/
SECP256K1_API int secp256k1_ellswift_encode(
const secp256k1_context *ctx,
unsigned char *ell64,
const secp256k1_pubkey *pubkey,
const unsigned char *rnd32
) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(1) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(2) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(3) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(4);
/** Decode a 64-bytes ElligatorSwift encoded public key.
*
* Returns: always 1
* Args: ctx: pointer to a context object
* Out: pubkey: pointer to a secp256k1_pubkey that will be filled
* In: ell64: pointer to a 64-byte array to decode
*
* This function runs in variable time.
*/
SECP256K1_API int secp256k1_ellswift_decode(
const secp256k1_context *ctx,
secp256k1_pubkey *pubkey,
const unsigned char *ell64
) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(1) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(2) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(3);
/** Compute an ElligatorSwift public key for a secret key.
*
* Returns: 1: secret was valid, public key was stored.
* 0: secret was invalid, try again.
* Args: ctx: pointer to a context object
* Out: ell64: pointer to a 64-byte array to receive the ElligatorSwift
* public key
* In: seckey32: pointer to a 32-byte secret key
* auxrnd32: (optional) pointer to 32 bytes of randomness
*
* Constant time in seckey and auxrnd32, but not in the resulting public key.
*
* It is recommended that auxrnd32 contains 32 uniformly random bytes, though
* it is optional (and does result in encodings that are indistinguishable from
* uniform even without any auxrnd32). It differs from the (mandatory) rnd32
* argument to secp256k1_ellswift_encode in this regard.
*
* This function can be used instead of calling secp256k1_ec_pubkey_create
* followed by secp256k1_ellswift_encode. It is safer, as it uses the secret
* key as entropy for the encoding (supplemented with auxrnd32, if provided).
*
* Like secp256k1_ellswift_encode, this function does not guarantee that the
* computed encoding is stable across versions of the library, even if all
* arguments (including auxrnd32) are the same.
*/
SECP256K1_API SECP256K1_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int secp256k1_ellswift_create(
const secp256k1_context *ctx,
unsigned char *ell64,
const unsigned char *seckey32,
const unsigned char *auxrnd32
) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(1) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(2) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(3);
/** Given a private key, and ElligatorSwift public keys sent in both directions,
* compute a shared secret using x-only Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH).
*
* Returns: 1: shared secret was successfully computed
* 0: secret was invalid or hashfp returned 0
* Args: ctx: pointer to a context object.
* Out: output: pointer to an array to be filled by hashfp.
* In: ell_a64: pointer to the 64-byte encoded public key of party A
* (will not be NULL)
* ell_b64: pointer to the 64-byte encoded public key of party B
* (will not be NULL)
* seckey32: pointer to our 32-byte secret key
* party: boolean indicating which party we are: zero if we are
* party A, non-zero if we are party B. seckey32 must be
* the private key corresponding to that party's ell_?64.
* This correspondence is not checked.
* hashfp: pointer to a hash function.
* data: arbitrary data pointer passed through to hashfp.
*
* Constant time in seckey32.
*
* This function is more efficient than decoding the public keys, and performing
* ECDH on them.
*/
SECP256K1_API SECP256K1_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT int secp256k1_ellswift_xdh(
const secp256k1_context *ctx,
unsigned char *output,
const unsigned char *ell_a64,
const unsigned char *ell_b64,
const unsigned char *seckey32,
int party,
secp256k1_ellswift_xdh_hash_function hashfp,
void *data
) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(1) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(2) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(3) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(4) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(5) SECP256K1_ARG_NONNULL(7);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* SECP256K1_ELLSWIFT_H */