diff --git a/src/poetry_plugin_export/command.py b/src/poetry_plugin_export/command.py
index 150c86d..eabe1fa 100644
--- a/src/poetry_plugin_export/command.py
+++ b/src/poetry_plugin_export/command.py
@@ -41,6 +41,40 @@ class ExportCommand(InstallerCommand):
         option("with-credentials", None, "Include credentials for extra indices."),
     ]
 
+    @property
+    def activated_groups(self) -> set[str]:
+        groups = {}
+
+        for key in {"with", "without", "only"}:
+            groups[key] = {
+                group.strip()
+                for groups in self.option(key)
+                for group in groups.split(",")
+            }
+
+        for opt, new, group in [
+            ("dev", "with", "dev"),
+        ]:
+            if self.io.input.has_option(opt) and self.option(opt):
+                self.line_error(
+                    f"<warning>The `<fg=yellow;options=bold>--{opt}</>` option is"
+                    f" deprecated, use the `<fg=yellow;options=bold>--{new} {group}</>`"
+                    " notation instead.</warning>"
+                )
+                groups[new].add(group)
+
+        if groups["only"] and (groups["with"] or groups["without"]):
+            self.line_error(
+                "<warning>The `<fg=yellow;options=bold>--with</>` and "
+                "`<fg=yellow;options=bold>--without</>` options are ignored when used"
+                " along with the `<fg=yellow;options=bold>--only</>` option."
+                "</warning>"
+            )
+
+        return groups["only"] or {"default"}.union(groups["with"]).difference(
+            groups["without"]
+        )
+
     def handle(self) -> None:
         fmt = self.option("format")
 
diff --git a/tests/command/test_command_export.py b/tests/command/test_command_export.py
index 3df7d29..848d3cf 100644
--- a/tests/command/test_command_export.py
+++ b/tests/command/test_command_export.py
@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@
 foo = "^1.0"
 bar = { version = "^1.1", optional = true }
 
+[tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
+baz = "^2.0"
+
+[tool.poetry.group.opt]
+optional = true
+
+[tool.poetry.group.opt.dependencies]
+opt = "^2.2"
+
+
 [tool.poetry.extras]
 feature_bar = ["bar"]
 """
@@ -59,6 +69,8 @@
 def setup(repo: Repository) -> None:
     repo.add_package(Package("foo", "1.0.0"))
     repo.add_package(Package("bar", "1.1.0"))
+    repo.add_package(Package("baz", "2.0.0"))
+    repo.add_package(Package("opt", "2.2.0"))
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -129,6 +141,33 @@ def test_export_uses_requirements_txt_format_by_default(
     assert tester.io.fetch_output() == expected
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "options, expected",
+    [
+        ("", f"foo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        ("--with dev", f"baz==2.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\nfoo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        ("--with opt", f"foo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\nopt==2.2.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        (
+            "--with dev,opt",
+            f"baz==2.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\nfoo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\nopt==2.2.0 ;"
+            f" {MARKER_PY}\n",
+        ),
+        ("--without default", "\n"),
+        ("--without dev", f"foo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        ("--without opt", f"foo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        ("--without default,dev,opt", "\n"),
+        ("--only default", f"foo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        ("--only dev", f"baz==2.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+        ("--only default,dev", f"baz==2.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\nfoo==1.0.0 ; {MARKER_PY}\n"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_export_groups(
+    tester: CommandTester, do_lock: None, options: str, expected: str
+):
+    tester.execute(options)
+    assert tester.io.fetch_output() == expected
+
+
 def test_export_includes_extras_by_flag(tester: CommandTester, do_lock: None):
     tester.execute("--format requirements.txt --extras feature_bar")
     expected = f"""\