resource.rb

require 'puppet'
require 'puppet/util/tagging'
require 'puppet/parameter'

# The simplest resource class.  Eventually it will function as the
# base class for all resource-like behaviour.
#
# @api public
class Puppet::Resource
  include Puppet::Util::Tagging

  include Enumerable
  attr_accessor :file, :line, :catalog, :exported, :virtual, :strict
  attr_reader :type, :title

  # @!attribute [rw] sensitive_parameters
  #   @api private
  #   @return [Array<Symbol>] A list of parameters to be treated as sensitive
  attr_accessor :sensitive_parameters

  # @deprecated
  attr_accessor :validate_parameters

  require 'puppet/indirector'
  extend Puppet::Indirector
  indirects :resource, :terminus_class => :ral

  ATTRIBUTES = [:file, :line, :exported].freeze
  TYPE_CLASS = 'Class'.freeze
  TYPE_NODE  = 'Node'.freeze
  TYPE_SITE  = 'Site'.freeze

  def self.from_data_hash(data, json_deserializer = nil)
    raise ArgumentError, "No resource type provided in serialized data" unless type = data['type']
    raise ArgumentError, "No resource title provided in serialized data" unless title = data['title']

    resource = new(type, title)

    if params = data['parameters']
      params.each { |param, value| resource[param] = value }
    end

    if ext_params = data['ext_parameters']
      raise Puppet::Error, 'Unable to deserialize non-Data type parameters unless a deserializer is provided' unless json_deserializer
      reader = json_deserializer.reader
      ext_params.each do |param, value|
        reader.re_initialize(value)
        resource[param] = json_deserializer.read
      end
    end

    if sensitive_parameters = data['sensitive_parameters']
      resource.sensitive_parameters = sensitive_parameters.map(&:to_sym)
    end

    if tags = data['tags']
      tags.each { |tag| resource.tag(tag) }
    end

    ATTRIBUTES.each do |a|
      if value = data[a.to_s]
        resource.send(a.to_s + "=", value)
      end
    end

    resource
  end

  def inspect
    "#{@type}[#{@title}]#{to_hash.inspect}"
  end

  def to_data_hash(json_serializer = nil)
    data = ([:type, :title, :tags] + ATTRIBUTES).inject({}) do |hash, param|
      next hash unless value = self.send(param)
      hash[param.to_s] = value
      hash
    end

    data["exported"] ||= false

    ext_params = {}
    params = {}
    self.to_hash.each_pair do |param, value|
      # Don't duplicate the title as the namevar
      unless param == namevar && value == title
        value = Puppet::Resource.value_to_pson_data(value)
        if is_json_type?(value)
          params[param] = value
        elsif json_serializer.nil?
          Puppet.warning("Resource '#{to_s}' contains a #{value.class.name} value. It will be converted to the String '#{value}'")
          params[param] = value
        else
          ext_params[param] = value
        end
      end
    end

    data['parameters'] = params unless params.empty?
    unless ext_params.empty?
      writer = json_serializer.writer
      ext_params.each_key do |key|
        writer.clear_io
        json_serializer.write(ext_params[key])
        writer.finish
        ext_params[key] = writer.to_a
      end
      data['ext_parameters'] = ext_params
    end

    data["sensitive_parameters"] = sensitive_parameters unless sensitive_parameters.empty?

    data
  end

  # @param [Object] value The value to test
  # @return [Boolean] `true` if the value can be represented as JSON
  # @api private
  def is_json_type?(value)
    case value
    when NilClass, TrueClass, FalseClass, Integer, Float, String
      true
    when Array
      value.all? { |elem| is_json_type?(elem) }
    when Hash
      value.all? { |key, val| key.is_a?(String) && is_json_type?(val) }
    else
      false
    end
  end

  def self.value_to_pson_data(value)
    if value.is_a? Array
      value.map{|v| value_to_pson_data(v) }
    elsif value.is_a? Puppet::Resource
      value.to_s
    else
      value
    end
  end

  def yaml_property_munge(x)
    case x
    when Hash
      x.inject({}) { |h,kv|
        k,v = kv
        h[k] = self.class.value_to_pson_data(v)
        h
      }
    else self.class.value_to_pson_data(x)
    end
  end

  YAML_ATTRIBUTES = [:@file, :@line, :@exported, :@type, :@title, :@tags, :@parameters]

  # Explicitly list the instance variables that should be serialized when
  # converting to YAML.
  #
  # @api private
  # @return [Array<Symbol>] The intersection of our explicit variable list and
  #   all of the instance variables defined on this class.
  def to_yaml_properties
    YAML_ATTRIBUTES & super
  end

  # Proxy these methods to the parameters hash.  It's likely they'll
  # be overridden at some point, but this works for now.
  %w{has_key? keys length delete empty? <<}.each do |method|
    define_method(method) do |*args|
      parameters.send(method, *args)
    end
  end

  # Set a given parameter.  Converts all passed names
  # to lower-case symbols.
  def []=(param, value)
    validate_parameter(param) if validate_parameters
    parameters[parameter_name(param)] = value
  end

  # Return a given parameter's value.  Converts all passed names
  # to lower-case symbols.
  def [](param)
    parameters[parameter_name(param)]
  end

  def ==(other)
    return false unless other.respond_to?(:title) and self.type == other.type and self.title == other.title

    return false unless to_hash == other.to_hash
    true
  end

  # Compatibility method.
  def builtin?
    # TODO: should be deprecated (was only used in one place in puppet codebase)
    builtin_type?
  end

  # Is this a builtin resource type?
  def builtin_type?
    # Note - old implementation only checked if the resource_type was a Class
    resource_type.is_a?(Puppet::CompilableResourceType)
  end

  # Iterate over each param/value pair, as required for Enumerable.
  def each
    parameters.each { |p,v| yield p, v }
  end

  def include?(parameter)
    super || parameters.keys.include?( parameter_name(parameter) )
  end

  %w{exported virtual strict}.each do |m|
    define_method(m+"?") do
      self.send(m)
    end
  end

  def class?
    @is_class ||= @type == TYPE_CLASS
  end

  def stage?
    @is_stage ||= @type.to_s.downcase == "stage"
  end

  # Construct a resource from data.
  #
  # Constructs a resource instance with the given `type` and `title`. Multiple
  # type signatures are possible for these arguments and most will result in an
  # expensive call to {Puppet::Node::Environment#known_resource_types} in order
  # to resolve `String` and `Symbol` Types to actual Ruby classes.
  #
  # @param type [Symbol, String] The name of the Puppet Type, as a string or
  #   symbol. The actual Type will be looked up using
  #   {Puppet::Node::Environment#known_resource_types}. This lookup is expensive.
  # @param type [String] The full resource name in the form of
  #   `"Type[Title]"`. This method of calling should only be used when
  #   `title` is `nil`.
  # @param type [nil] If a `nil` is passed, the title argument must be a string
  #   of the form `"Type[Title]"`.
  # @param type [Class] A class that inherits from `Puppet::Type`. This method
  #   of construction is much more efficient as it skips calls to
  #   {Puppet::Node::Environment#known_resource_types}.
  #
  # @param title [String, :main, nil] The title of the resource. If type is `nil`, may also
  #   be the full resource name in the form of `"Type[Title]"`.
  #
  # @api public
  def initialize(type, title = nil, attributes = {})
    @parameters = {}
    @sensitive_parameters = []
    if type.is_a?(Puppet::Resource)
      # Copy constructor. Let's avoid munging, extracting, tagging, etc
      src = type
      self.file = src.file
      self.line = src.line
      self.exported = src.exported
      self.virtual = src.virtual
      self.set_tags(src)
      self.environment = src.environment
      @rstype = src.resource_type
      @type = src.type
      @title = src.title

      src.to_hash.each do |p, v|
        if v.is_a?(Puppet::Resource)
          v = v.copy_as_resource
        elsif v.is_a?(Array)
          # flatten resource references arrays
          v = v.flatten if v.flatten.find { |av| av.is_a?(Puppet::Resource) }
          v = v.collect do |av|
            av = av.copy_as_resource if av.is_a?(Puppet::Resource)
            av
          end
        end

        self[p] = v
      end
      @sensitive_parameters.replace(type.sensitive_parameters)
    else
      if type.is_a?(Hash)
        raise ArgumentError, "Puppet::Resource.new does not take a hash as the first argument. "+
          "Did you mean (#{(type[:type] || type["type"]).inspect}, #{(type[:title] || type["title"]).inspect }) ?"
      end

      environment = attributes[:environment]
      # In order to avoid an expensive search of 'known_resource_types" and
      # to obey/preserve the implementation of the resource's type - if the
      # given type is a resource type implementation (one of):
      #   * a "classic" 3.x ruby plugin
      #   * a compatible implementation (e.g. loading from pcore metadata)
      #   * a resolved user defined type
      #
      # ...then, modify the parameters to the "old" (agent side compatible) way
      # of describing the type/title with string/symbols.
      #
      # TODO: Further optimizations should be possible as the "type juggling" is
      # not needed when the type implementation is known.
      #
      if type.is_a?(Puppet::CompilableResourceType) || type.is_a?(Puppet::Resource::Type)
        # set the resource type implementation
        self.resource_type = type
        # set the type name to the symbolic name
        type = type.name
      end

      # Set things like strictness first.
      attributes.each do |attr, value|
        next if attr == :parameters
        send(attr.to_s + "=", value)
      end

      @type, @title = self.class.type_and_title(type, title)

      rt = resource_type

      if strict? && rt.nil?
        if self.class?
          raise ArgumentError, "Could not find declared class #{title}"
        else
          raise ArgumentError, "Invalid resource type #{type}"
        end
      end

      params = attributes[:parameters]
      unless params.nil? || params.empty?
        extract_parameters(params)
        if rt && rt.respond_to?(:deprecate_params)
          rt.deprecate_params(title, params)
        end
      end

      tag(self.type)
      tag_if_valid(self.title)
    end
  end

  def ref
    to_s
  end

  # Find our resource.
  def resolve
    catalog ? catalog.resource(to_s) : nil
  end

  # A resource is an application component if it exports or consumes
  # one or more capabilities, or if it requires a capability resource
  def is_application_component?
    return true if ! export.empty? || self[:consume]
    # Array(self[:require]) does not work for Puppet::Resource instances
    req = self[:require] || []
    req = [ req ] unless req.is_a?(Array)
    req.any? { |r| r.is_capability? }
  end

  # A resource is a capability (instance) if its underlying type is a
  # capability type
  def is_capability?
    !resource_type.nil? && resource_type.is_capability?
  end

  # Returns the value of the 'export' metaparam as an Array
  # @api private
  def export
    v = self[:export] || []
    v.is_a?(Array) ? v : [ v ]
  end

  # The resource's type implementation
  # @return [Puppet::Type, Puppet::Resource::Type]
  # @api private
  def resource_type
    @rstype ||= self.class.resource_type(type, title, environment)
  end

  # The resource's type implementation
  # @return [Puppet::Type, Puppet::Resource::Type]
  # @api private
  def self.resource_type(type, title, environment)
    case type
    when TYPE_CLASS; environment.known_resource_types.hostclass(title == :main ? "" : title)
    when TYPE_NODE; environment.known_resource_types.node(title)
    when TYPE_SITE; environment.known_resource_types.site(nil)
    else
      result = Puppet::Type.type(type)
      if !result
        krt = environment.known_resource_types
        result = krt.definition(type) || krt.application(type)
      end
      result
    end
  end

  # Set the resource's type implementation
  # @param type [Puppet::Type, Puppet::Resource::Type]
  # @api private
  def resource_type=(type)
    @rstype = type
  end

  def environment
    @environment ||= if catalog
                       catalog.environment_instance
                     else
                       Puppet.lookup(:current_environment) { Puppet::Node::Environment::NONE }
                     end
  end

  def environment=(environment)
    @environment = environment
  end

  # Produce a simple hash of our parameters.
  def to_hash
    parse_title.merge parameters
  end

  def to_s
    "#{type}[#{title}]"
  end

  def uniqueness_key
    # Temporary kludge to deal with inconsistent use patterns; ensure we don't return nil for namevar/:name
    h = self.to_hash
    name = h[namevar] || h[:name] || self.name
    h[namevar] ||= name
    h[:name]   ||= name
    h.values_at(*key_attributes.sort_by { |k| k.to_s })
  end

  def key_attributes
    resource_type.respond_to?(:key_attributes) ? resource_type.key_attributes : [:name]
  end

  # Convert our resource to yaml for Hiera purposes.
  def to_hierayaml
    # Collect list of attributes to align => and move ensure first
    attr = parameters.keys
    attr_max = attr.inject(0) { |max,k| k.to_s.length > max ? k.to_s.length : max }

    attr.sort!
    if attr.first != :ensure  && attr.include?(:ensure)
      attr.delete(:ensure)
      attr.unshift(:ensure)
    end

    attributes = attr.collect { |k|
      v = parameters[k]
      "    %-#{attr_max}s: %s\n" % [k, Puppet::Parameter.format_value_for_display(v)]
    }.join

    "  %s:\n%s" % [self.title, attributes]
  end

  # Convert our resource to Puppet code.
  def to_manifest
    # Collect list of attributes to align => and move ensure first
    attr = parameters.keys
    attr_max = attr.inject(0) { |max,k| k.to_s.length > max ? k.to_s.length : max }

    attr.sort!
    if attr.first != :ensure  && attr.include?(:ensure)
      attr.delete(:ensure)
      attr.unshift(:ensure)
    end

    attributes = attr.collect { |k|
      v = parameters[k]
      "  %-#{attr_max}s => %s,\n" % [k, Puppet::Parameter.format_value_for_display(v)]
    }.join

    escaped = self.title.gsub(/'/,"\\\\'")
    "%s { '%s':\n%s}" % [self.type.to_s.downcase, escaped, attributes]
  end

  def to_ref
    ref
  end

  # Convert our resource to a RAL resource instance.  Creates component
  # instances for resource types that don't exist.
  def to_ral
    typeklass = Puppet::Type.type(self.type) || Puppet::Type.type(:component)
    typeklass.new(self)
  end

  def name
    # this is potential namespace conflict
    # between the notion of an "indirector name"
    # and a "resource name"
    [ type, title ].join('/')
  end

  def missing_arguments
    resource_type.arguments.select do |param, default|
      the_param = parameters[param.to_sym]
      the_param.nil? || the_param.value.nil? || the_param.value == :undef
    end
  end
  private :missing_arguments

  # @deprecated Not used by Puppet
  # @api private
  def set_default_parameters(scope)
    Puppet.deprecation_warning('The method Puppet::Resource.set_default_parameters is deprecated and will be removed in the next major release of Puppet.')

    return [] unless resource_type and resource_type.respond_to?(:arguments)

    unless is_a?(Puppet::Parser::Resource)
      fail Puppet::DevError, "Cannot evaluate default parameters for #{self} - not a parser resource"
    end

    missing_arguments.collect do |param, default|
      rtype = resource_type
      if rtype.type == :hostclass
        using_bound_value = false
        catch(:no_such_key) do
          bound_value = Puppet::Pops::Lookup.search_and_merge("#{rtype.name}::#{param}", Puppet::Pops::Lookup::Invocation.new(scope), nil)
          # Assign bound value but don't let an undef trump a default expression
          unless bound_value.nil? && !default.nil?
            self[param.to_sym] = bound_value
            using_bound_value = true
          end
        end
      end
      unless using_bound_value
        next if default.nil?
        self[param.to_sym] = default.safeevaluate(scope)
      end
      param
    end.compact
  end

  def copy_as_resource
    Puppet::Resource.new(self)
  end

  def valid_parameter?(name)
    resource_type.valid_parameter?(name)
  end

  # Verify that all required arguments are either present or
  # have been provided with defaults.
  # Must be called after 'set_default_parameters'.  We can't join the methods
  # because Type#set_parameters needs specifically ordered behavior.
  #
  # @deprecated Not used by Puppet
  # @api private
  def validate_complete
    Puppet.deprecation_warning('The method Puppet::Resource.validate_complete is deprecated and will be removed in the next major release of Puppet.')

    return unless resource_type and resource_type.respond_to?(:arguments)

    resource_type.arguments.each do |param, default|
      param = param.to_sym
      fail Puppet::ParseError, "Must pass #{param} to #{self}" unless parameters.include?(param)
    end

    # Perform optional type checking
    arg_types = resource_type.argument_types
    # Parameters is a map from name, to parameter, and the parameter again has name and value
    parameters.each do |name, value|
      next unless t = arg_types[name.to_s]  # untyped, and parameters are symbols here (aargh, strings in the type)
      unless Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeCalculator.instance?(t, value.value)
        inferred_type = Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeCalculator.infer_set(value.value)
        actual = inferred_type.generalize()
        fail Puppet::ParseError, "Expected parameter '#{name}' of '#{self}' to have type #{t.to_s}, got #{actual.to_s}"
      end
    end
  end

  def validate_parameter(name)
    raise Puppet::ParseError.new("no parameter named '#{name}'", file, line) unless valid_parameter?(name)
  end

  def prune_parameters(options = {})
    properties = resource_type.properties.map(&:name)

    dup.collect do |attribute, value|
      if value.to_s.empty? or Array(value).empty?
        delete(attribute)
      elsif value.to_s == "absent" and attribute.to_s != "ensure"
        delete(attribute)
      end

      parameters_to_include = options[:parameters_to_include] || []
      delete(attribute) unless properties.include?(attribute) || parameters_to_include.include?(attribute)
    end
    self
  end

  # @api private
  def self.type_and_title(type, title)
    type, title = extract_type_and_title(type, title)
    type = munge_type_name(type)
    if type == TYPE_CLASS
      title = title == '' ? :main : munge_type_name(title)
    end
    [type, title]
  end


  def self.extract_type_and_title(argtype, argtitle)
    if (argtype.nil? || argtype == :component || argtype == :whit) &&
          argtitle =~ /^([^\[\]]+)\[(.+)\]$/m                  then [ $1,                 $2            ]
    elsif argtitle.nil? && argtype =~ /^([^\[\]]+)\[(.+)\]$/m  then [ $1,                 $2            ]
    elsif argtitle                                             then [ argtype,            argtitle      ]
    elsif argtype.is_a?(Puppet::Type)                          then [ argtype.class.name, argtype.title ]
    else  raise ArgumentError, "No title provided and #{argtype.inspect} is not a valid resource reference"
    end
  end
  private_class_method :extract_type_and_title

  def self.munge_type_name(value)
    return :main if value == :main
    return TYPE_CLASS if value == '' || value.nil? || value.to_s.casecmp('component') == 0
    Puppet::Pops::Types::TypeFormatter.singleton.capitalize_segments(value.to_s)
  end
  private_class_method :munge_type_name

  private

  # Produce a canonical method name.
  def parameter_name(param)
    param = param.to_s.downcase.to_sym
    if param == :name and namevar
      param = namevar
    end
    param
  end

  # The namevar for our resource type. If the type doesn't exist,
  # always use :name.
  def namevar
    if builtin_type? && !(t = resource_type).nil? && t.key_attributes.length == 1
      t.key_attributes.first
    else
      :name
    end
  end

  def extract_parameters(params)
    params.each do |param, value|
      validate_parameter(param) if strict?
      self[param] = value
    end
  end

  def parse_title
    h = {}
    type = resource_type
    if type.respond_to?(:title_patterns) && !type.title_patterns.nil?
      type.title_patterns.each { |regexp, symbols_and_lambdas|
        if captures = regexp.match(title.to_s)
          symbols_and_lambdas.zip(captures[1..-1]).each do |symbol_and_lambda,capture|
            symbol, proc = symbol_and_lambda
            # Many types pass "identity" as the proc; we might as well give
            # them a shortcut to delivering that without the extra cost.
            #
            # Especially because the global type defines title_patterns and
            # uses the identity patterns.
            #
            # This was worth about 8MB of memory allocation saved in my
            # testing, so is worth the complexity for the API.
            if proc then
              h[symbol] = proc.call(capture)
            else
              h[symbol] = capture
            end
          end
          return h
        end
      }
      # If we've gotten this far, then none of the provided title patterns
      # matched. Since there's no way to determine the title then the
      # resource should fail here.
      raise Puppet::Error, "No set of title patterns matched the title \"#{title}\"."
    else
      return { :name => title.to_s }
    end
  end

  def parameters
    # @parameters could have been loaded from YAML, causing it to be nil (by
    # bypassing initialize).
    @parameters ||= {}
  end
end