diff --git a/.github/workflows/mac.yml b/.github/workflows/mac.yml
index 7f2beea9d5ab89..79b66c7c3c843a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/mac.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/mac.yml
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ jobs:
             -DENABLE_NCC_STYLE=OFF \
             -DENABLE_TESTS=ON \
             -DENABLE_WHEEL=OFF \
+            -DENABLE_AVX512F=OFF \
             -DCMAKE_COMPILE_WARNING_AS_ERROR=OFF \
             -DENABLE_STRICT_DEPENDENCIES=OFF \
             -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=${{ env.CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER }} \
diff --git a/cmake/developer_package/compile_flags/os_flags.cmake b/cmake/developer_package/compile_flags/os_flags.cmake
index 20b9dcebb88fca..c5d7c9e544f7ea 100644
--- a/cmake/developer_package/compile_flags/os_flags.cmake
+++ b/cmake/developer_package/compile_flags/os_flags.cmake
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ macro(ov_check_compiler_supports_sve flags)
 
     # If the compilation test is successful, set appropriate variables indicating support
     if(CXX_HAS_SVE)
-        set(CXX_SVE_FOUND TRUE CACHE BOOL "SVE available on host")
-        set(CXX_SVE_FOUND TRUE CACHE BOOL "CXX SVE support")
+        set(CXX_SVE_FOUND ON CACHE BOOL "SVE available on host")
+        set(CXX_SVE_FOUND ON CACHE BOOL "CXX SVE support")
         set(CXX_SVE_FLAGS "${flags}" CACHE STRING "CXX SVE flags")
     endif()
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ macro(ov_check_compiler_supports_sve flags)
 
     # If the compilation test fails, indicate that the support is not found
     if(NOT CXX_SVE_FOUND)
-        set(CXX_SVE_FOUND FALSE CACHE BOOL "CXX SVE support")
+        set(CXX_SVE_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "CXX SVE support")
         set(CXX_SVE_FLAGS "" CACHE STRING "CXX SVE flags")
     endif()
 
@@ -143,6 +143,10 @@ endmacro()
 # Provides SSE4.2 compilation flags depending on an OS and a compiler
 #
 macro(ov_sse42_optimization_flags flags)
+    if(NOT ENABLE_SSE42)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Internal error: ENABLE_SSE42 if OFF and 'ov_sse42_optimization_flags' must not be called")
+    endif()
+
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC")
         # No such option for MSVC 2019
     elseif(OV_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_LLVM)
@@ -167,6 +171,10 @@ endmacro()
 # Provides AVX2 compilation flags depending on an OS and a compiler
 #
 macro(ov_avx2_optimization_flags flags)
+    if(NOT ENABLE_AVX2)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Internal error: ENABLE_AVX2 if OFF and 'ov_avx2_optimization_flags' must not be called")
+    endif()
+
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC")
         set(${flags} /arch:AVX2)
     elseif(OV_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_LLVM)
@@ -189,6 +197,10 @@ endmacro()
 # depending on an OS and a compiler
 #
 macro(ov_avx512_optimization_flags flags)
+    if(NOT ENABLE_AVX512F)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Internal error: ENABLE_AVX512F if OFF and 'ov_avx512_optimization_flags' must not be called")
+    endif()
+
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC")
         set(${flags} /arch:AVX512)
     elseif(OV_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_LLVM AND WIN32)
@@ -204,6 +216,10 @@ endmacro()
 # ov_arm_neon_optimization_flags(<output flags>)
 #
 macro(ov_arm_neon_optimization_flags flags)
+    if(NOT (AARCH64 OR ARM))
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Internal error: platform is not ARM or AARCH64 and 'ov_arm_neon_optimization_flags' must not be called")
+    endif()
+
     if(OV_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_LLVM)
         message(WARNING "Unsupported CXX compiler ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}")
     elseif(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC")
@@ -234,6 +250,10 @@ endmacro()
 # ov_arm_neon_fp16_optimization_flags(<output flags>)
 #
 macro(ov_arm_neon_fp16_optimization_flags flags)
+    if(NOT ENABLE_NEON_FP16)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Internal error: ENABLE_NEON_FP16 if OFF and 'ov_arm_neon_fp16_optimization_flags' must not be called")
+    endif()
+
     if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Intel" OR CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC")
         message(WARNING "Unsupported CXX compiler ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID} for arm64 platform")
     elseif(ANDROID)
@@ -258,6 +278,10 @@ endmacro()
 # ov_arm_sve_optimization_flags(<output flags>)
 #
 macro(ov_arm_sve_optimization_flags flags)
+    if(NOT ENABLE_SVE)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Internal error: ENABLE_SVE if OFF and 'ov_arm_sve_optimization_flags' must not be called")
+    endif()
+
     # Check for compiler SVE support
     ov_check_compiler_supports_sve("-march=armv8-a+sve")
     if(OV_COMPILER_IS_INTEL_LLVM)
diff --git a/cmake/developer_package/features.cmake b/cmake/developer_package/features.cmake
index d4dacf28039516..6ad47f0abcadb0 100644
--- a/cmake/developer_package/features.cmake
+++ b/cmake/developer_package/features.cmake
@@ -118,4 +118,4 @@ if(ENABLE_SVE)
     if(NOT CXX_HAS_SVE)
         set(ENABLE_SVE OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
     endif()
-endif()
\ No newline at end of file
+endif()
diff --git a/src/core/reference/CMakeLists.txt b/src/core/reference/CMakeLists.txt
index 5f05431427bc21..56c06bd9138e27 100644
--- a/src/core/reference/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/core/reference/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ set_target_properties(${TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES EXPORT_NAME reference)
 if(ENABLE_AVX2)
     ov_avx2_optimization_flags(avx2_flags)
 
-    set(OV_REFERENCE_X86_AVX2_SRC
-        ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/op/convert_x86_intrinsics.cpp
-    )
+    set(OV_REFERENCE_X86_AVX2_SRC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/op/convert_x86_intrinsics.cpp)
     set_source_files_properties(${OV_REFERENCE_X86_AVX2_SRC} PROPERTIES COMPILE_OPTIONS "${avx2_flags}"
                                                                         SKIP_UNITY_BUILD_INCLUSION ON
                                                                         SKIP_PRECOMPILE_HEADERS ON)
diff --git a/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/CMakeLists.txt b/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/CMakeLists.txt
index 4a4cc3952165e2..205ec0047195b5 100644
--- a/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -66,12 +66,20 @@ if (ENABLE_SNIPPETS_LIBXSMM_TPP)
     target_include_directories(${TARGET_NAME} SYSTEM PRIVATE $<TARGET_PROPERTY:xsmm,INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES>)
 endif()
 
-if (X86_64)
-    ov_avx2_optimization_flags(avx2_flags)
-    ov_avx512_optimization_flags(avx512_flags)
+if(X86_64)
+    if(ENABLE_AVX2)
+        ov_avx2_optimization_flags(avx2_flags)
+        list(APPEND compile_flags ${avx2_flags})
+        list(APPEND definitions HAVE_AVX2)
+    endif()
+    if(ENABLE_AVX512F)
+        ov_avx512_optimization_flags(avx512_flags)
+        list(APPEND compile_flags ${avx512_flags})
+        list(APPEND definitions HAVE_AVX512F)
+    endif()
 
-    target_compile_options(${TARGET_NAME} PRIVATE "${avx2_flags};${avx512_flags}")
-    target_compile_definitions(${TARGET_NAME} PRIVATE HAVE_AVX2 HAVE_AVX512F)
+    target_compile_options(${TARGET_NAME} PRIVATE "${compile_flags}")
+    target_compile_definitions(${TARGET_NAME} PRIVATE ${definitions})
 endif()
 
 
diff --git a/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/paged_attn_cache_rotation.cpp b/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/paged_attn_cache_rotation.cpp
index f6c48796932f8e..9150a25f37240d 100644
--- a/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/paged_attn_cache_rotation.cpp
+++ b/src/plugins/intel_cpu/tests/unit/vectorized/paged_attn_cache_rotation.cpp
@@ -416,6 +416,7 @@ class CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest
 
         switch (instruction_set) {
             using namespace ov::Extensions::Cpu::XARCH;
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2)
         case TargetInstructionSet::AVX2:
             rotate_kv_cache_chunk_avx2(chunk_x.data(),
                                        chunk_y.data(),
@@ -424,6 +425,8 @@ class CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest
                                        num_elements_to_process,
                                        /* is_tail = */ num_elements_to_process < vec_len_f32_avx2);
             break;
+#endif
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX512F)
         case TargetInstructionSet::AVX512:
             rotate_kv_cache_chunk_avx512(chunk_x.data(),
                                          chunk_y.data(),
@@ -432,6 +435,7 @@ class CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest
                                          num_elements_to_process,
                                          /* is_tail = */ num_elements_to_process < vec_len_f32_avx512);
             break;
+#endif
         default:
             FAIL() << "unknown target instruction set";
         }
@@ -454,6 +458,7 @@ TEST_P(CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest, OptChunkRotationGivesRef
     test_chunk_rotation_for_type<ov::bfloat16>();
 }
 
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2) || defined(HAVE_AVX512F)
 auto TEST_STRUCT_TO_NAME_FN =
     [](const testing::TestParamInfo<CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest::ParamType>& info) {
         size_t num_elts = std::get<1>(info.param);
@@ -465,19 +470,24 @@ auto TEST_STRUCT_TO_NAME_FN =
         }
         return std::string("unknown");
     };
+#endif
 
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX2)
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AVX2,
                          CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest,
                          ::testing::Combine(::testing::Values(TargetInstructionSet::AVX2),
                                             ::testing::Range(size_t(0),
                                                              ov::Extensions::Cpu::XARCH::vec_len_f32_avx2 + 1)),
                          TEST_STRUCT_TO_NAME_FN);
+#endif
+#if defined(HAVE_AVX512F)
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AVX512,
                          CacheRotationKernelInstructionParameterizedTest,
                          ::testing::Combine(::testing::Values(TargetInstructionSet::AVX512),
                                             ::testing::Range(size_t(0),
                                                              ov::Extensions::Cpu::XARCH::vec_len_f32_avx512 + 1)),
                          TEST_STRUCT_TO_NAME_FN);
+#endif
 
 TYPED_TEST_P(CacheRotationKernelInputTypeParameterizedTest, OptBlockRotationGivesReferenceResults) {
     auto raw_cache_mem_ptr = this->cache_mem.data();