diff --git a/src/OpenTelemetry/Metrics/MeterProviderSdk.cs b/src/OpenTelemetry/Metrics/MeterProviderSdk.cs
index d3e61961e5c..017841d5e47 100644
--- a/src/OpenTelemetry/Metrics/MeterProviderSdk.cs
+++ b/src/OpenTelemetry/Metrics/MeterProviderSdk.cs
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ internal MeterProviderSdk(
 
             AggregationTemporality temporality = AggregationTemporality.Cumulative;
 
+            if (meterSources.Count() == 0)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentException("No meter was added to the sdk.");
+            }
+
             foreach (var reader in readers)
             {
                 if (reader == null)
@@ -94,7 +99,7 @@ internal MeterProviderSdk(
                 var regex = GetWildcardRegex(meterSources);
                 shouldListenTo = instrument => regex.IsMatch(instrument.Meter.Name);
             }
-            else if (meterSources.Any())
+            else
             {
                 var meterSourcesToSubscribe = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
                 foreach (var meterSource in meterSources)
diff --git a/test/OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting.Tests/HostingMeterExtensionTests.cs b/test/OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting.Tests/HostingMeterExtensionTests.cs
index 1c02b6eb14b..749079623b6 100644
--- a/test/OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting.Tests/HostingMeterExtensionTests.cs
+++ b/test/OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting.Tests/HostingMeterExtensionTests.cs
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ public async Task AddOpenTelemetryMeterProviderInstrumentationCreationAndDisposa
             {
                 services.AddOpenTelemetryMetrics(builder =>
                 {
-                    builder.AddInstrumentation(() =>
+                    builder
+                    .AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProduct.SomeComponent")
+                    .AddInstrumentation(() =>
                     {
                         callbackRun = true;
                         return testInstrumentation;
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ public void AddOpenTelemetryMeterProvider_HostBuilt_OpenTelemetrySdk_RegisteredA
         {
             var builder = new HostBuilder().ConfigureServices(services =>
             {
-                services.AddOpenTelemetryMetrics();
+                services.AddOpenTelemetryMetrics(meterSdk => meterSdk.AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProduct.SomeComponent"));
             });
 
             var host = builder.Build();
@@ -91,8 +93,10 @@ public void AddOpenTelemetryMeterProvider_ServiceProviderArgument_ServicesRegist
             services.AddSingleton(testInstrumentation);
             services.AddOpenTelemetryMetrics(builder =>
             {
-                builder.Configure(
-                    (sp, b) => b.AddInstrumentation(() => sp.GetRequiredService<TestInstrumentation>()));
+                builder
+                    .AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProduct.SomeComponent")
+                    .Configure(
+                        (sp, b) => b.AddInstrumentation(() => sp.GetRequiredService<TestInstrumentation>()));
             });
 
             var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
@@ -139,6 +143,7 @@ public void AddOpenTelemetryMeterProvider_NestedConfigureCallbacks()
             int configureCalls = 0;
             var services = new ServiceCollection();
             services.AddOpenTelemetryMetrics(builder => builder
+                .AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProduct.SomeComponent")
                 .Configure((sp1, builder1) =>
                 {
                     configureCalls++;
@@ -164,6 +169,7 @@ public void AddOpenTelemetryMeterProvider_ConfigureCallbacksUsingExtensions()
             services.AddSingleton<TestReader>();
 
             services.AddOpenTelemetryMetrics(builder => builder
+                .AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProduct.SomeComponent")
                 .Configure((sp1, builder1) =>
                 {
                     builder1
@@ -214,7 +220,9 @@ private static MeterProviderBuilder AddMyFeature(MeterProviderBuilder meterProvi
             (meterProviderBuilder.GetServices() ?? throw new NotSupportedException("MyFeature requires a hosting MeterProviderBuilder instance."))
                 .AddSingleton<TestReader>();
 
-            return meterProviderBuilder.AddReader<TestReader>();
+            return meterProviderBuilder
+                  .AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProject.SomeComponent")
+                  .AddReader<TestReader>();
         }
 
         internal class TestInstrumentation : IDisposable
diff --git a/test/OpenTelemetry.Instrumentation.AspNetCore.Tests/MetricTests.cs b/test/OpenTelemetry.Instrumentation.AspNetCore.Tests/MetricTests.cs
index c37be430980..9079e89d2d1 100644
--- a/test/OpenTelemetry.Instrumentation.AspNetCore.Tests/MetricTests.cs
+++ b/test/OpenTelemetry.Instrumentation.AspNetCore.Tests/MetricTests.cs
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ void ProcessExport(Batch<Metric> batch)
             };
             this.meterProvider = Sdk.CreateMeterProviderBuilder()
                 .AddAspNetCoreInstrumentation()
+                .AddMeter("SomeCompany.SomeProject.SomeComponent")
                 .AddReader(metricReader)
                 .Build();
 
diff --git a/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricAPITest.cs b/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricAPITest.cs
index 08d45e032d4..7e64772d206 100644
--- a/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricAPITest.cs
+++ b/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricAPITest.cs
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ public void MeterSourcesWildcardSupportMatchTest(bool hasView)
         [Theory]
         [InlineData(true)]
         [InlineData(false)]
-        public void MeterSourcesWildcardSupportNegativeTestNoMeterAdded(bool hasView)
+        public void SdkCreationShouldThrowWithNoMeterAdded(bool hasView)
         {
             var meterNames = new[]
             {
@@ -251,14 +251,8 @@ public void MeterSourcesWildcardSupportNegativeTestNoMeterAdded(bool hasView)
                 meterProviderBuilder.AddView("gauge1", "renamed");
             }
 
-            using var meterProvider = meterProviderBuilder.Build();
-            var measurement = new Measurement<int>(100, new("name", "apple"), new("color", "red"));
-
-            meter1.CreateObservableGauge("myGauge1", () => measurement);
-            meter2.CreateObservableGauge("myGauge2", () => measurement);
-
-            meterProvider.ForceFlush(MaxTimeToAllowForFlush);
-            Assert.True(exportedItems.Count == 0);
+            var ex = Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => meterProviderBuilder.Build());
+            Assert.Equal("No meter was added to the sdk.", ex.Message);
         }
 
         [Theory]
diff --git a/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricExporterTests.cs b/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricExporterTests.cs
index 6416551ed9b..8b3dbe598b4 100644
--- a/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricExporterTests.cs
+++ b/test/OpenTelemetry.Tests/Metrics/MetricExporterTests.cs
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ public void FlushMetricExporterTest(ExportModes mode)
             var reader = new BaseExportingMetricReader(exporter);
             using var meterProvider = Sdk.CreateMeterProviderBuilder()
                 .AddReader(reader)
+                .AddMeter("SomeCompany.someProduct.SomeComponent")
                 .Build();
 
             switch (mode)