parse_args.js

'use strict';

const {
  ArrayPrototypeForEach,
  ArrayPrototypeIncludes,
  ArrayPrototypeMap,
  ArrayPrototypePush,
  ArrayPrototypePushApply,
  ArrayPrototypeShift,
  ArrayPrototypeSlice,
  ArrayPrototypeUnshiftApply,
  ObjectEntries,
  ObjectPrototypeHasOwnProperty: ObjectHasOwn,
  StringPrototypeCharAt,
  StringPrototypeIndexOf,
  StringPrototypeSlice,
  StringPrototypeStartsWith,
} = primordials;

const {
  validateArray,
  validateBoolean,
  validateBooleanArray,
  validateObject,
  validateString,
  validateStringArray,
  validateUnion,
} = require('internal/validators');

const {
  findLongOptionForShort,
  isLoneLongOption,
  isLoneShortOption,
  isLongOptionAndValue,
  isOptionValue,
  isOptionLikeValue,
  isShortOptionAndValue,
  isShortOptionGroup,
  useDefaultValueOption,
  objectGetOwn,
  optionsGetOwn,
} = require('internal/util/parse_args/utils');

const {
  codes: {
    ERR_INVALID_ARG_VALUE,
    ERR_PARSE_ARGS_INVALID_OPTION_VALUE,
    ERR_PARSE_ARGS_UNEXPECTED_POSITIONAL,
    ERR_PARSE_ARGS_UNKNOWN_OPTION,
  },
} = require('internal/errors');

const {
  kEmptyObject,
} = require('internal/util');


function getMainArgs() {
  // Work out where to slice process.argv for user supplied arguments.

  // Check node options for scenarios where user CLI args follow executable.
  const execArgv = process.execArgv;
  if (ArrayPrototypeIncludes(execArgv, '-e') ||
      ArrayPrototypeIncludes(execArgv, '--eval') ||
      ArrayPrototypeIncludes(execArgv, '-p') ||
      ArrayPrototypeIncludes(execArgv, '--print')) {
    return ArrayPrototypeSlice(process.argv, 1);
  }

  // Normally first two arguments are executable and script, then CLI arguments
  return ArrayPrototypeSlice(process.argv, 2);
}

/**
 * In strict mode, throw for possible usage errors like --foo --bar
 * @param {object} token - from tokens as available from parseArgs
 */
function checkOptionLikeValue(token) {
  if (!token.inlineValue && isOptionLikeValue(token.value)) {
    // Only show short example if user used short option.
    const example = StringPrototypeStartsWith(token.rawName, '--') ?
      `'${token.rawName}=-XYZ'` :
      `'--${token.name}=-XYZ' or '${token.rawName}-XYZ'`;
    const errorMessage = `Option '${token.rawName}' argument is ambiguous.
Did you forget to specify the option argument for '${token.rawName}'?
To specify an option argument starting with a dash use ${example}.`;
    throw new ERR_PARSE_ARGS_INVALID_OPTION_VALUE(errorMessage);
  }
}

/**
 * In strict mode, throw for usage errors.
 * @param {object} config - from config passed to parseArgs
 * @param {object} token - from tokens as available from parseArgs
 */
function checkOptionUsage(config, token) {
  let tokenName = token.name;
  if (!ObjectHasOwn(config.options, tokenName)) {
    // Check for negated boolean option.
    if (config.allowNegative && StringPrototypeStartsWith(tokenName, 'no-')) {
      tokenName = StringPrototypeSlice(tokenName, 3);
      if (!ObjectHasOwn(config.options, tokenName) || optionsGetOwn(config.options, tokenName, 'type') !== 'boolean') {
        throw new ERR_PARSE_ARGS_UNKNOWN_OPTION(
          token.rawName, config.allowPositionals);
      }
    } else {
      throw new ERR_PARSE_ARGS_UNKNOWN_OPTION(
        token.rawName, config.allowPositionals);
    }
  }

  const short = optionsGetOwn(config.options, tokenName, 'short');
  const shortAndLong = `${short ? `-${short}, ` : ''}--${tokenName}`;
  const type = optionsGetOwn(config.options, tokenName, 'type');
  if (type === 'string' && typeof token.value !== 'string') {
    throw new ERR_PARSE_ARGS_INVALID_OPTION_VALUE(`Option '${shortAndLong} <value>' argument missing`);
  }
  // (Idiomatic test for undefined||null, expecting undefined.)
  if (type === 'boolean' && token.value != null) {
    throw new ERR_PARSE_ARGS_INVALID_OPTION_VALUE(`Option '${shortAndLong}' does not take an argument`);
  }
}


/**
 * Store the option value in `values`.
 * @param {object} token - from tokens as available from parseArgs
 * @param {object} options - option configs, from parseArgs({ options })
 * @param {object} values - option values returned in `values` by parseArgs
 * @param {boolean} allowNegative - allow negative optinons if true
 */
function storeOption(token, options, values, allowNegative) {
  let longOption = token.name;
  let optionValue = token.value;
  if (longOption === '__proto__') {
    return; // No. Just no.
  }

  if (allowNegative && StringPrototypeStartsWith(longOption, 'no-') && optionValue === undefined) {
    // Boolean option negation: --no-foo
    longOption = StringPrototypeSlice(longOption, 3);
    token.name = longOption;
    optionValue = false;
  }

  // We store based on the option value rather than option type,
  // preserving the users intent for author to deal with.
  const newValue = optionValue ?? true;
  if (optionsGetOwn(options, longOption, 'multiple')) {
    // Always store value in array, including for boolean.
    // values[longOption] starts out not present,
    // first value is added as new array [newValue],
    // subsequent values are pushed to existing array.
    // (note: values has null prototype, so simpler usage)
    if (values[longOption]) {
      ArrayPrototypePush(values[longOption], newValue);
    } else {
      values[longOption] = [newValue];
    }
  } else {
    values[longOption] = newValue;
  }
}

/**
 * Store the default option value in `values`.
 * @param {string} longOption - long option name e.g. 'foo'
 * @param {string
 *         | boolean
 *         | string[]
 *         | boolean[]} optionValue - default value from option config
 * @param {object} values - option values returned in `values` by parseArgs
 */
function storeDefaultOption(longOption, optionValue, values) {
  if (longOption === '__proto__') {
    return; // No. Just no.
  }

  values[longOption] = optionValue;
}

/**
 * Process args and turn into identified tokens:
 * - option (along with value, if any)
 * - positional
 * - option-terminator
 * @param {string[]} args - from parseArgs({ args }) or mainArgs
 * @param {object} options - option configs, from parseArgs({ options })
 */
function argsToTokens(args, options) {
  const tokens = [];
  let index = -1;
  let groupCount = 0;

  const remainingArgs = ArrayPrototypeSlice(args);
  while (remainingArgs.length > 0) {
    const arg = ArrayPrototypeShift(remainingArgs);
    const nextArg = remainingArgs[0];
    if (groupCount > 0)
      groupCount--;
    else
      index++;

    // Check if `arg` is an options terminator.
    // Guideline 10 in https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap12.html
    if (arg === '--') {
      // Everything after a bare '--' is considered a positional argument.
      ArrayPrototypePush(tokens, { kind: 'option-terminator', index });
      ArrayPrototypePushApply(
        tokens, ArrayPrototypeMap(remainingArgs, (arg) => {
          return { kind: 'positional', index: ++index, value: arg };
        }),
      );
      break; // Finished processing args, leave while loop.
    }

    if (isLoneShortOption(arg)) {
      // e.g. '-f'
      const shortOption = StringPrototypeCharAt(arg, 1);
      const longOption = findLongOptionForShort(shortOption, options);
      let value;
      let inlineValue;
      if (optionsGetOwn(options, longOption, 'type') === 'string' &&
          isOptionValue(nextArg)) {
        // e.g. '-f', 'bar'
        value = ArrayPrototypeShift(remainingArgs);
        inlineValue = false;
      }
      ArrayPrototypePush(
        tokens,
        { kind: 'option', name: longOption, rawName: arg,
          index, value, inlineValue });
      if (value != null) ++index;
      continue;
    }

    if (isShortOptionGroup(arg, options)) {
      // Expand -fXzy to -f -X -z -y
      const expanded = [];
      for (let index = 1; index < arg.length; index++) {
        const shortOption = StringPrototypeCharAt(arg, index);
        const longOption = findLongOptionForShort(shortOption, options);
        if (optionsGetOwn(options, longOption, 'type') !== 'string' ||
          index === arg.length - 1) {
          // Boolean option, or last short in group. Well formed.
          ArrayPrototypePush(expanded, `-${shortOption}`);
        } else {
          // String option in middle. Yuck.
          // Expand -abfFILE to -a -b -fFILE
          ArrayPrototypePush(expanded, `-${StringPrototypeSlice(arg, index)}`);
          break; // finished short group
        }
      }
      ArrayPrototypeUnshiftApply(remainingArgs, expanded);
      groupCount = expanded.length;
      continue;
    }

    if (isShortOptionAndValue(arg, options)) {
      // e.g. -fFILE
      const shortOption = StringPrototypeCharAt(arg, 1);
      const longOption = findLongOptionForShort(shortOption, options);
      const value = StringPrototypeSlice(arg, 2);
      ArrayPrototypePush(
        tokens,
        { kind: 'option', name: longOption, rawName: `-${shortOption}`,
          index, value, inlineValue: true });
      continue;
    }

    if (isLoneLongOption(arg)) {
      // e.g. '--foo'
      const longOption = StringPrototypeSlice(arg, 2);
      let value;
      let inlineValue;
      if (optionsGetOwn(options, longOption, 'type') === 'string' &&
          isOptionValue(nextArg)) {
        // e.g. '--foo', 'bar'
        value = ArrayPrototypeShift(remainingArgs);
        inlineValue = false;
      }
      ArrayPrototypePush(
        tokens,
        { kind: 'option', name: longOption, rawName: arg,
          index, value, inlineValue });
      if (value != null) ++index;
      continue;
    }

    if (isLongOptionAndValue(arg)) {
      // e.g. --foo=bar
      const equalIndex = StringPrototypeIndexOf(arg, '=');
      const longOption = StringPrototypeSlice(arg, 2, equalIndex);
      const value = StringPrototypeSlice(arg, equalIndex + 1);
      ArrayPrototypePush(
        tokens,
        { kind: 'option', name: longOption, rawName: `--${longOption}`,
          index, value, inlineValue: true });
      continue;
    }

    ArrayPrototypePush(tokens, { kind: 'positional', index, value: arg });
  }
  return tokens;
}

const parseArgs = (config = kEmptyObject) => {
  const args = objectGetOwn(config, 'args') ?? getMainArgs();
  const strict = objectGetOwn(config, 'strict') ?? true;
  const allowPositionals = objectGetOwn(config, 'allowPositionals') ?? !strict;
  const returnTokens = objectGetOwn(config, 'tokens') ?? false;
  const allowNegative = objectGetOwn(config, 'allowNegative') ?? false;
  const options = objectGetOwn(config, 'options') ?? { __proto__: null };
  // Bundle these up for passing to strict-mode checks.
  const parseConfig = { args, strict, options, allowPositionals, allowNegative };

  // Validate input configuration.
  validateArray(args, 'args');
  validateBoolean(strict, 'strict');
  validateBoolean(allowPositionals, 'allowPositionals');
  validateBoolean(returnTokens, 'tokens');
  validateBoolean(allowNegative, 'allowNegative');
  validateObject(options, 'options');
  ArrayPrototypeForEach(
    ObjectEntries(options),
    ({ 0: longOption, 1: optionConfig }) => {
      validateObject(optionConfig, `options.${longOption}`);

      // type is required
      const optionType = objectGetOwn(optionConfig, 'type');
      validateUnion(optionType, `options.${longOption}.type`, ['string', 'boolean']);

      if (ObjectHasOwn(optionConfig, 'short')) {
        const shortOption = optionConfig.short;
        validateString(shortOption, `options.${longOption}.short`);
        if (shortOption.length !== 1) {
          throw new ERR_INVALID_ARG_VALUE(
            `options.${longOption}.short`,
            shortOption,
            'must be a single character',
          );
        }
      }

      const multipleOption = objectGetOwn(optionConfig, 'multiple');
      if (ObjectHasOwn(optionConfig, 'multiple')) {
        validateBoolean(multipleOption, `options.${longOption}.multiple`);
      }

      const defaultValue = objectGetOwn(optionConfig, 'default');
      if (defaultValue !== undefined) {
        let validator;
        switch (optionType) {
          case 'string':
            validator = multipleOption ? validateStringArray : validateString;
            break;

          case 'boolean':
            validator = multipleOption ? validateBooleanArray : validateBoolean;
            break;
        }
        validator(defaultValue, `options.${longOption}.default`);
      }
    },
  );

  // Phase 1: identify tokens
  const tokens = argsToTokens(args, options);

  // Phase 2: process tokens into parsed option values and positionals
  const result = {
    values: { __proto__: null },
    positionals: [],
  };
  if (returnTokens) {
    result.tokens = tokens;
  }
  ArrayPrototypeForEach(tokens, (token) => {
    if (token.kind === 'option') {
      if (strict) {
        checkOptionUsage(parseConfig, token);
        checkOptionLikeValue(token);
      }
      storeOption(token, options, result.values, parseConfig.allowNegative);
    } else if (token.kind === 'positional') {
      if (!allowPositionals) {
        throw new ERR_PARSE_ARGS_UNEXPECTED_POSITIONAL(token.value);
      }
      ArrayPrototypePush(result.positionals, token.value);
    }
  });

  // Phase 3: fill in default values for missing args
  ArrayPrototypeForEach(ObjectEntries(options), ({ 0: longOption,
                                                   1: optionConfig }) => {
    const mustSetDefault = useDefaultValueOption(longOption,
                                                 optionConfig,
                                                 result.values);
    if (mustSetDefault) {
      storeDefaultOption(longOption,
                         objectGetOwn(optionConfig, 'default'),
                         result.values);
    }
  });


  return result;
};

module.exports = {
  parseArgs,
};