feat: Updated SS and microservices deployment docs (#13083)

(cherry picked from commit 1b80458)

Author: Jayclifford345

docs/sources/setup/install/helm/install-microservices/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+---
+title: Install the microservice Helm chart 
+menuTitle: Install microservice Loki
+description: Installing Loki in microservice (distributed) mode using the Helm chart.
+weight: 300
+keywords: 
+---
+
+# Install the microservice Helm chart
+
+This Helm Chart deploys Grafana Loki on Kubernetes.
+
+This chart configures Loki to run Loki in [microservice / distributed mode]({{< relref "../../../../get-started/deployment-modes#microservices-mode" >}}). The microservices deployment mode runs components of Loki as distinct processes.
+
+The default Helm chart deploys the following components:
+- **Compactor component** (1 replica): Compacts and processes stored data.
+- **Distributor component** (3 replicas, maxUnavailable: 2): Distributes incoming requests. Up to 2 replicas can be unavailable during updates.
+- **IndexGateway component** (2 replicas, maxUnavailable: 1): Handles indexing. Up to 1 replica can be unavailable during updates.
+- **Ingester component** (3 replicas): Handles ingestion of data.
+- **Querier component** (3 replicas, maxUnavailable: 2): Processes queries. Up to 2 replicas can be unavailable during updates.
+- **QueryFrontend component** (2 replicas, maxUnavailable: 1): Manages frontend queries. Up to 1 replica can be unavailable during updates.
+- **QueryScheduler component** (2 replicas): Schedules queries.
+
+It is not recommended to run scalable mode with `filesystem` storage. For the purpose of this guide, we will use MinIO as the object storage to provide a complete example. 
+
+**Prerequisites**
+
+- Helm 3 or above. See [Installing Helm](https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/).
+- A running Kubernetes cluster.
+- (Optional) A Memcached deployment for better query performance. For information on configuring Memcached, refer to the [caching section](https://grafana.com/docs/loki/<LOKI_VERSION>/operations/caching/).
+
+
+**To deploy Loki in microservice mode (with MinIO):**
+
+
+1. Add [Grafana's chart repository](https://github.com/grafana/helm-charts) to Helm:
+
+   ```bash
+   helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
+   ```
+
+2. Update the chart repository:
+
+   ```bash
+   helm repo update
+   ```
+
+3. Create the configuration file `values.yaml`. The example below illustrates how to deploy Loki in test mode using MinIO as storage:
+
+     ```yaml
+        loki:
+          schemaConfig:
+            configs:
+              - from: 2024-04-01
+                store: tsdb
+                object_store: s3
+                schema: v13
+                index:
+                  prefix: loki_index_
+                  period: 24h
+          ingester:
+            chunk_encoding: snappy
+          tracing:
+            enabled: true
+          querier:
+            # Default is 4, if you have enough memory and CPU you can increase, reduce if OOMing
+            max_concurrent: 4
+
+        #gateway:
+        #  ingress:
+        #    enabled: true
+        #    hosts:
+        #      - host: FIXME
+        #        paths:
+        #          - path: /
+        #            pathType: Prefix
+
+        deploymentMode: Distributed
+
+        ingester:
+          replicas: 3
+        querier:
+          replicas: 3
+          maxUnavailable: 2
+        queryFrontend:
+          replicas: 2
+          maxUnavailable: 1
+        queryScheduler:
+          replicas: 2
+        distributor:
+          replicas: 3
+          maxUnavailable: 2
+        compactor:
+          replicas: 1
+        indexGateway:
+          replicas: 2
+          maxUnavailable: 1
+
+        bloomCompactor:
+          replicas: 0
+        bloomGateway:
+          replicas: 0
+
+        # Enable minio for storage
+        minio:
+          enabled: true
+
+        # Zero out replica counts of other deployment modes
+        backend:
+          replicas: 0
+        read:
+          replicas: 0
+        write:
+          replicas: 0
+
+        singleBinary:
+          replicas: 0 
+     ```
+
+4. Install or upgrade the Loki deployment.
+     - To install:
+        ```bash
+       helm install --values values.yaml loki grafana/loki
+       ```
+    - To upgrade:
+       ```bash
+       helm upgrade --values values.yaml loki grafana/loki
+       ```
+       
+
+1. Verify that Loki is running:
+    ```bash
+    kubectl get pods -n loki
+    ```
+    The output should an output similar to the following:
+
+    ```bash
+      loki-canary-8thrx                      1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-canary-h965l                      1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-canary-th8kb                      1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-chunks-cache-0                    0/2     Pending   0          167m
+      loki-compactor-0                       1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-compactor-1                       1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-distributor-7c9bb8f4dd-bcwc5      1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-distributor-7c9bb8f4dd-jh9h8      1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-distributor-7c9bb8f4dd-np5dw      1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-gateway-77bc447887-qgc56          1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-index-gateway-0                   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-index-gateway-1                   1/1     Running   0          166m
+      loki-ingester-zone-a-0                 1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-ingester-zone-b-0                 1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-ingester-zone-c-0                 1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-minio-0                           1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-querier-bb8695c6d-bv9x2           1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-querier-bb8695c6d-bz2rw           1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-querier-bb8695c6d-z9qf8           1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-query-frontend-6659566b49-528j5   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-query-frontend-6659566b49-84jtx   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-query-frontend-6659566b49-9wfr7   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-query-scheduler-f6dc4b949-fknfk   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-query-scheduler-f6dc4b949-h4nwh   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-query-scheduler-f6dc4b949-scfwp   1/1     Running   0          167m
+      loki-results-cache-0                   2/2     Running   0          167m
+    ```
+
+## Object Storage Configuration
+
+After testing Loki with MinIO, it is recommended to configure Loki with an object storage provider. The following examples shows how to configure Loki with different object storage providers:
+
+{{< code >}}
+
+```s3
+# Example configuration for Loki with S3 storage
+
+  loki:
+    schemaConfig:
+      configs:
+        - from: 2024-04-01
+          store: tsdb
+          object_store: s3
+          schema: v13
+          index:
+            prefix: loki_index_
+            period: 24h
+    ingester:
+      chunk_encoding: snappy
+    tracing:
+      enabled: true
+    querier:
+      max_concurrent: 4
+
+    storage:
+      type: s3
+      bucketNames:
+        chunks: "chunks"
+        ruler: "ruler"
+        admin: "admin"
+      s3:
+        # s3 URL can be used to specify the endpoint, access key, secret key, and bucket name
+        s3: s3://access_key:secret_access_key@custom_endpoint/bucket_name
+        # AWS endpoint URL
+        endpoint: <your-endpoint>
+        # AWS region where the S3 bucket is located
+        region: <your-region>
+        # AWS secret access key
+        secretAccessKey: <your-secret-access-key>
+        # AWS access key ID
+        accessKeyId: <your-access-key-id>
+        # AWS signature version (e.g., v2 or v4)
+        signatureVersion: <your-signature-version>
+        # Forces the path style for S3 (true/false)
+        s3ForcePathStyle: false
+        # Allows insecure (HTTP) connections (true/false)
+        insecure: false
+        # HTTP configuration settings
+        http_config: {}
+
+  deploymentMode: Distributed
+
+  # Disable minio storage
+  minio:
+      enabled: false
+
+  ingester:
+    replicas: 3
+  querier:
+    replicas: 3
+    maxUnavailable: 2
+  queryFrontend:
+    replicas: 2
+    maxUnavailable: 1
+  queryScheduler:
+    replicas: 2
+  distributor:
+    replicas: 3
+    maxUnavailable: 2
+  compactor:
+    replicas: 1
+  indexGateway:
+    replicas: 2
+    maxUnavailable: 1
+
+  bloomCompactor:
+    replicas: 0
+  bloomGateway:
+    replicas: 0
+
+  backend:
+    replicas: 0
+  read:
+    replicas: 0
+  write:
+    replicas: 0
+
+  singleBinary:
+    replicas: 0
+
+```
+
+```azure
+# Example configuration for Loki with Azure Blob Storage
+
+loki:
+  schemaConfig:
+    configs:
+      - from: 2024-04-01
+        store: tsdb
+        object_store: azure
+        schema: v13
+        index:
+          prefix: loki_index_
+          period: 24h
+  ingester:
+    chunk_encoding: snappy
+  tracing:
+    enabled: true
+  querier:
+    max_concurrent: 4
+
+  storage:
+    type: azure
+    azure:
+      # Name of the Azure Blob Storage account
+      accountName: <your-account-name>
+      # Key associated with the Azure Blob Storage account
+      accountKey: <your-account-key>
+      # Comprehensive connection string for Azure Blob Storage account (Can be used to replace endpoint, accountName, and accountKey)
+      connectionString: <your-connection-string>
+      # Flag indicating whether to use Azure Managed Identity for authentication
+      useManagedIdentity: false
+      # Flag indicating whether to use a federated token for authentication
+      useFederatedToken: false
+      # Client ID of the user-assigned managed identity (if applicable)
+      userAssignedId: <your-user-assigned-id>
+      # Timeout duration for requests made to the Azure Blob Storage account (in seconds)
+      requestTimeout: <your-request-timeout>
+      # Domain suffix of the Azure Blob Storage service endpoint (e.g., core.windows.net)
+      endpointSuffix: <your-endpoint-suffix>
+    bucketNames:
+      chunks: "chunks"
+      ruler: "ruler"
+      admin: "admin"
+deploymentMode: Distributed
+
+ingester:
+  replicas: 3
+querier:
+  replicas: 3
+  maxUnavailable: 2
+queryFrontend:
+  replicas: 2
+  maxUnavailable: 1
+queryScheduler:
+  replicas: 2
+distributor:
+  replicas: 3
+  maxUnavailable: 2
+compactor:
+  replicas: 1
+indexGateway:
+  replicas: 2
+  maxUnavailable: 1
+
+bloomCompactor:
+  replicas: 0
+bloomGateway:
+  replicas: 0
+
+backend:
+  replicas: 0
+read:
+  replicas: 0
+write:
+  replicas: 0
+
+singleBinary:
+  replicas: 0
+
+```
+{{< /code >}}
+
+To configure other storage providers, refer to the [Helm Chart Reference]({{< relref "../reference" >}}).
+
+## Next Steps 
+* Configure an agent to [send log data to Loki](/docs/loki/<LOKI_VERSION>/send-data/).
+* Monitor the Loki deployment using the [Meta Monitoring Healm chart](/docs/loki/<LOKI_VERSION>/setup/install/helm/monitor-and-alert/)