[Feature] Run integration test in CLI fashion

[ChenyuLInx]

Is this your first time submitting a feature request?

• I have read the expectations for open source contributors
• I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this feature
• I am requesting a straightforward extension of existing dbt functionality, rather than a Big Idea better suited to a discussion

Describe the feature

Because we run out integration tests using dbtRunner and nothing running like a CLI, we have a small gap between our integration test and actual running dbt as a CLI. We should at lease have a small set of test running dbt-core as a CLI command.

This would catch #9444

Describe alternatives you've considered

No response

Who will this benefit?

No response

Are you interested in contributing this feature?

No response

Anything else?

No response