Your Lambda function comes with a CloudWatch Logs log group, with a log stream for each instance of your function. The runtime sends details about each invocation to the log stream, and relays logs and other output from your function's code.
To output logs from your function code, you can use the print method, or any logging library that writes to stdout or stderr. The following example logs the values of environment variables and the event object.
Example lambda_function.py
import os
def lambda_handler(event, context):
print('## ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES')
print(os.environ)
print('## EVENT')
print(event)
Example log format
START RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 Version: $LATEST
## ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
environ({'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_GROUP_NAME': '/aws/lambda/my-function', 'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_STREAM_NAME': '2020/01/31/[$LATEST]3893xmpl7fac4485b47bb75b671a283c', 'AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME': 'my-function', ...})
## EVENT
{'key': 'value'}
END RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95
REPORT RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 Duration: 15.74 ms Billed Duration: 16 ms Memory Size: 128 MB Max Memory Used: 56 MB Init Duration: 130.49 ms
XRAY TraceId: 1-5e34a614-10bdxmplf1fb44f07bc535a1 SegmentId: 07f5xmpl2d1f6f85 Sampled: true
The Python runtime logs the START, END, and REPORT lines for each invocation. The report line provides the following details.
Report Log
- RequestId – The unique request ID for the invocation.
- Duration – The amount of time that your function's handler method spent processing the event.
- Billed Duration – The amount of time billed for the invocation.
- Memory Size – The amount of memory allocated to the function.
- Max Memory Used – The amount of memory used by the function.
- Init Duration – For the first request served, the amount of time it took the runtime to load the function and run code outside of the handler method.
- XRAY TraceId – For traced requests, the AWS X-Ray trace ID.
- SegmentId – For traced requests, the X-Ray segment ID.
- Sampled – For traced requests, the sampling result.
You can view logs in the Lambda console, in the CloudWatch Logs console, or from the command line.
Topics
The Lambda console shows log output when you test a function on the function configuration page. To view logs for all invocations, use the CloudWatch Logs console.
To view your Lambda function's logs
-
Open the Logs page of the CloudWatch console.
-
Choose the log group for your function (/aws/lambda/function-name).
-
Choose the first stream in the list.
Each log stream corresponds to an instance of your function. New streams appear when you update your function and when additional instances are created to handle multiple concurrent invocations. To find logs for specific invocations, you can instrument your function with X-Ray, and record details about the request and log stream in the trace. For a sample application that correlates logs and traces with X-Ray, see Error processor sample application for AWS Lambda.
To get logs for an invocation from the command line, use the --log-type option. The response includes a LogResult field that contains up to 4 KB of base64-encoded logs from the invocation.
$ aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function out --log-type Tail
{
"StatusCode": 200,
"LogResult": "U1RBUlQgUmVxdWVzdElkOiA4N2QwNDRiOC1mMTU0LTExZTgtOGNkYS0yOTc0YzVlNGZiMjEgVmVyc2lvb...",
"ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST"
}
You can use the base64 utility to decode the logs.
$ aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function out --log-type Tail \
--query 'LogResult' --output text | base64 -d
START RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8 Version: $LATEST
"AWS_SESSION_TOKEN": "AgoJb3JpZ2luX2VjELj...", "_X_AMZN_TRACE_ID": "Root=1-5d02e5ca-f5792818b6fe8368e5b51d50;Parent=191db58857df8395;Sampled=0"",ask/lib:/opt/lib",
END RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8
REPORT RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8 Duration: 79.67 ms Billed Duration: 80 ms Memory Size: 128 MB Max Memory Used: 73 MB
The base64 utility is available on Linux, macOS, and Ubuntu on Windows. For macOS, the command is base64 -D.
To get full log events from the command line, you can include the log stream name in the output of your function, as shown in the preceding example. The following example script invokes a function named my-function and downloads the last five log events.
Example get-logs.sh Script
This example requires that my-function returns a log stream ID.
#!/bin/bash
aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function --payload '{"key": "value"}' out
sed -i'' -e 's/"//g' out
sleep 15
aws logs get-log-events --log-group-name /aws/lambda/my-function --log-stream-name $(cat out) --limit 5
The script uses sed to remove quotes from the output file, and sleeps for 15 seconds to allow time for the logs to be available. The output includes the response from Lambda and the output from the get-log-events command.
$ ./get-logs.sh
{
"StatusCode": 200,
"ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST"
}
{
"events": [
{
"timestamp": 1559763003171,
"message": "START RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf Version: $LATEST\n",
"ingestionTime": 1559763003309
},
{
"timestamp": 1559763003173,
"message": "2019-06-05T19:30:03.173Z\t4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tINFO\tENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\r{\r \"AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_VERSION\": \"$LATEST\",\r ...",
"ingestionTime": 1559763018353
},
{
"timestamp": 1559763003173,
"message": "2019-06-05T19:30:03.173Z\t4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tINFO\tEVENT\r{\r \"key\": \"value\"\r}\n",
"ingestionTime": 1559763018353
},
{
"timestamp": 1559763003218,
"message": "END RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\n",
"ingestionTime": 1559763018353
},
{
"timestamp": 1559763003218,
"message": "REPORT RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tDuration: 26.73 ms\tBilled Duration: 27 ms \tMemory Size: 128 MB\tMax Memory Used: 75 MB\t\n",
"ingestionTime": 1559763018353
}
],
"nextForwardToken": "f/34783877304859518393868359594929986069206639495374241795",
"nextBackwardToken": "b/34783877303811383369537420289090800615709599058929582080"
}
Log groups aren't deleted automatically when you delete a function. To avoid storing logs indefinitely, delete the log group, or configure a retention period after which logs are deleted automatically.
For more detailed logs, use the logging library.
import os
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
def lambda_handler(event, context):
logger.info('## ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES')
logger.info(os.environ)
logger.info('## EVENT')
logger.info(event)
The output from logger includes the log level, timestamp, and request ID.
START RequestId: 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125 Version: $LATEST
[INFO] 2020-01-31T22:12:58.534Z 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125 ## ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
[INFO] 2020-01-31T22:12:58.534Z 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125 environ({'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_GROUP_NAME': '/aws/lambda/my-function', 'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_STREAM_NAME': '2020/01/31/[$LATEST]1bbe51xmplb34a2788dbaa7433b0aa4d', 'AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME': 'my-function', ...})
[INFO] 2020-01-31T22:12:58.535Z 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125 ## EVENT
[INFO] 2020-01-31T22:12:58.535Z 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125 {'key': 'value'}
END RequestId: 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125
REPORT RequestId: 1c8df7d3-xmpl-46da-9778-518e6eca8125 Duration: 2.75 ms Billed Duration: 3 ms Memory Size: 128 MB Max Memory Used: 56 MB Init Duration: 113.51 ms
XRAY TraceId: 1-5e34a66a-474xmpl7c2534a87870b4370 SegmentId: 073cxmpl3e442861 Sampled: true