diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_controller.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_controller.dart
index b4f13ab88..d83a8a237 100644
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_controller.dart
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_controller.dart
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ class GameController {
       ValueNotifier<String?>(null);
 
   String? get initialSharingMoveList => _initialSharingMoveList;
+
   set initialSharingMoveList(String? list) {
     _initialSharingMoveList = list;
     initialSharingMoveListNotifier.value = list;
@@ -79,9 +80,11 @@ class GameController {
   late AnimationManager animationManager;
 
   bool _isInitialized = false;
+
   bool get initialized => _isInitialized;
 
   bool get isPositionSetup => gameRecorder.setupPosition != null;
+
   void clearPositionSetupFlag() => gameRecorder.setupPosition = null;
 
   @visibleForTesting
@@ -427,5 +430,5 @@ class GameController {
 
   /// Starts a game export.
   static Future<void> export(BuildContext context) async =>
-      ImportService.exportGame(context);
+      ExportService.exportGame(context);
 }
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_responses.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_responses.dart
index b7ccb0ba4..8a4c78d91 100644
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_responses.dart
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/controller/game_responses.dart
@@ -120,11 +120,3 @@ class HistoryRange implements HistoryResponse {
     return "${HistoryResponse.tag} Current is equal to moveIndex.";
   }
 }
-
-/// Custom response to throw when importing the game history.
-abstract class ImportResponse {}
-
-class ImportFormatException extends FormatException {
-  const ImportFormatException([String? source, int? offset])
-      : super("Cannot import ", source, offset);
-}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/engine/position.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/engine/position.dart
index 1ca00093c..a5a0c4bed 100644
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/engine/position.dart
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/engine/position.dart
@@ -139,14 +139,17 @@ class Position {
   ExtMove? _record;
 
   static List<List<List<int>>> get _millTable => _Mills.millTableInit;
+
   static List<List<int>> get _adjacentSquares => _Mills.adjacentSquaresInit;
 
   static List<List<int>> get _millLinesHV => _Mills._horizontalAndVerticalLines;
+
   static List<List<int>> get _millLinesD => _Mills._diagonalLines;
 
   PieceColor pieceOnGrid(int index) => _grid[index];
 
   PieceColor get sideToMove => _sideToMove;
+
   set sideToMove(PieceColor color) {
     _sideToMove = color;
     _them = _sideToMove.opponent;
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/export_service.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/export_service.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fc388efe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/export_service.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
+
+// export_service.dart
+
+part of '../mill.dart';
+
+class ExportService {
+  const ExportService._();
+
+  /// Exports the game to the device's clipboard.
+  static Future<void> exportGame(BuildContext context) async {
+    await Clipboard.setData(
+      ClipboardData(text: GameController().gameRecorder.moveHistoryText),
+    );
+
+    if (!context.mounted) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    rootScaffoldMessengerKey.currentState!
+        .showSnackBarClear(S.of(context).moveHistoryCopied);
+
+    Navigator.pop(context);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_exceptions.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_exceptions.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fee7a198e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_exceptions.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
+
+// import_exceptions.dart
+
+part of '../mill.dart';
+
+/// Custom response to throw when importing the game history.
+abstract class ImportResponse {}
+
+class ImportFormatException extends FormatException {
+  const ImportFormatException([String? source, int? offset])
+      : super("Cannot import ", source, offset);
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_export_service.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_export_service.dart
deleted file mode 100644
index ec537b1bb..000000000
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_export_service.dart
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,471 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
-
-// import_export_service.dart
-
-// ignore_for_file: use_build_context_synchronously
-
-part of '../mill.dart';
-
-// TODO: [Leptopoda] Clean up the file
-class ImportService {
-  const ImportService._();
-
-  static const String _logTag = "[Importer]";
-
-  /// Exports the game to the device's clipboard.
-  static Future<void> exportGame(BuildContext context) async {
-    await Clipboard.setData(
-      ClipboardData(text: GameController().gameRecorder.moveHistoryText),
-    );
-
-    rootScaffoldMessengerKey.currentState!
-        .showSnackBarClear(S.of(context).moveHistoryCopied);
-
-    Navigator.pop(context);
-  }
-
-  /// Tries to import the game saved in the device's clipboard.
-  static Future<void> importGame(BuildContext context) async {
-    rootScaffoldMessengerKey.currentState!.clearSnackBars();
-
-    final ClipboardData? data = await Clipboard.getData(Clipboard.kTextPlain);
-
-    if (data?.text == null) {
-      Navigator.pop(context);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    try {
-      import(data!.text!); // GameController().newRecorder = newHistory;
-    } catch (exception) {
-      final String tip = S.of(context).cannotImport(data!.text!);
-      GameController().headerTipNotifier.showTip(tip);
-      //GameController().animationController.forward();
-      Navigator.pop(context);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    await HistoryNavigator.takeBackAll(context, pop: false);
-
-    if (await HistoryNavigator.stepForwardAll(context, pop: false) ==
-        const HistoryOK()) {
-      GameController().headerTipNotifier.showTip(S.of(context).gameImported);
-    } else {
-      final String tip =
-          S.of(context).cannotImport(HistoryNavigator.importFailedStr);
-      GameController().headerTipNotifier.showTip(tip);
-      HistoryNavigator.importFailedStr = "";
-    }
-
-    Navigator.pop(context);
-  }
-
-  static String _wmdNotationToMoveString(String wmd) {
-    if (wmd.length == 3 && wmd[0] == "x") {
-      if (wmdNotationToMove[wmd.substring(1, 3)] != null) {
-        return "-${wmdNotationToMove[wmd.substring(1, 3)]!}";
-      }
-    } else if (wmd.length == 2) {
-      if (wmdNotationToMove[wmd] != null) {
-        return wmdNotationToMove[wmd]!;
-      }
-    } else if (wmd.length == 5 && wmd[2] == "-") {
-      if (wmdNotationToMove[wmd.substring(0, 2)] != null &&
-          wmdNotationToMove[wmd.substring(3, 5)] != null) {
-        return "${wmdNotationToMove[wmd.substring(0, 2)]!}->${wmdNotationToMove[wmd.substring(3, 5)]!}";
-      }
-    } else if ((wmd.length == 8 && wmd[2] == "-" && wmd[5] == "x") ||
-        (wmd.length == 5 && wmd[2] == "x")) {
-      logger.w("$_logTag Not support parsing format oo-ooxo notation.");
-      throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
-    }
-    throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
-  }
-
-  static String _playOkNotationToMoveString(String playOk) {
-    if (playOk.isEmpty) {
-      throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
-    }
-
-    final int iDash = playOk.indexOf("-");
-    final int iX = playOk.indexOf("x");
-
-    if (iDash == -1 && iX == -1) {
-      // 12
-      final int val = int.parse(playOk);
-      if (val >= 1 && val <= 24) {
-        return playOkNotationToMove[playOk]!;
-      } else {
-        throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (iX == 0) {
-      // x12
-      final String sub = playOk.substring(1);
-      final int val = int.parse(sub);
-      if (val >= 1 && val <= 24) {
-        return "-${playOkNotationToMove[sub]!}";
-      } else {
-        throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
-      }
-    }
-    if (iDash != -1 && iX == -1) {
-      String? move;
-      // 12-13
-      final String sub1 = playOk.substring(0, iDash);
-      final int val1 = int.parse(sub1);
-      if (val1 >= 1 && val1 <= 24) {
-        move = playOkNotationToMove[sub1];
-      } else {
-        throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
-      }
-
-      final String sub2 = playOk.substring(iDash + 1);
-      final int val2 = int.parse(sub2);
-      if (val2 >= 1 && val2 <= 24) {
-        return "$move->${playOkNotationToMove[sub2]!}";
-      } else {
-        throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
-      }
-    }
-
-    logger.w("$_logTag Not support parsing format oo-ooxo PlayOK notation.");
-    throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
-  }
-
-  static bool _isPureFen(String text) {
-    if (text.length >=
-            "********/********/******** w p p 9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0".length &&
-        (text.contains("/") &&
-            text[8] == "/" &&
-            text[17] == "/" &&
-            text[26] == " ")) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  static bool _isPgnMoveList(String text) {
-    if (text.length >= 15 &&
-        (text.contains("[Event") ||
-            text.contains("[White") ||
-            text.contains("[FEN"))) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  static bool _isFenMoveList(String text) {
-    if (text.length >= 15 && (text.contains("[FEN"))) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  static bool _isPlayOkMoveList(String text) {
-    // See https://www.playok.com/en/mill/#t/f
-
-    if (text.contains("PlayOK")) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    final String noTag = removeTagPairs(text);
-
-    if (noTag.contains("1.") == false) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (noTag == "" ||
-        noTag.contains("a") ||
-        noTag.contains("b") ||
-        noTag.contains("c") ||
-        noTag.contains("d") ||
-        noTag.contains("e") ||
-        noTag.contains("f") ||
-        noTag.contains("g")) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (noTag == "" ||
-        noTag.contains("A") ||
-        noTag.contains("B") ||
-        noTag.contains("C") ||
-        noTag.contains("D") ||
-        noTag.contains("E") ||
-        noTag.contains("F") ||
-        noTag.contains("G")) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  static bool _isGoldTokenMoveList(String text) {
-    // Example: https://www.goldtoken.com/games/play?g=13097650;print=yes
-
-    return text.contains("GoldToken") ||
-        text.contains("Past Moves") ||
-        text.contains("Go to") ||
-        text.contains("Turn") ||
-        text.contains("(Player ");
-  }
-
-  static String addTagPairs(String moveList) {
-    final DateTime dateTime = DateTime.now();
-    final String date = "${dateTime.year}.${dateTime.month}.${dateTime.day}";
-
-    final int total = Position.score[PieceColor.white]! +
-        Position.score[PieceColor.black]! +
-        Position.score[PieceColor.draw]!;
-
-    final Game gameInstance = GameController().gameInstance;
-    final Player whitePlayer = gameInstance.getPlayerByColor(PieceColor.white);
-    final Player blackPlayer = gameInstance.getPlayerByColor(PieceColor.black);
-
-    String white;
-    String black;
-    String result;
-
-    if (whitePlayer.isAi) {
-      white = "AI";
-    } else {
-      white = "Human";
-    }
-
-    if (blackPlayer.isAi) {
-      black = "AI";
-    } else {
-      black = "Human";
-    }
-
-    switch (GameController().position.winner) {
-      case PieceColor.white:
-        result = "1-0";
-        break;
-      case PieceColor.black:
-        result = "0-1";
-        break;
-      case PieceColor.draw:
-        result = "1/2-1/2";
-        break;
-      case PieceColor.marked:
-      case PieceColor.none:
-      case PieceColor.nobody:
-        result = "*";
-        break;
-    }
-
-    String tagPairs = '[Event "Sanmill-Game"]\r\n'
-        '[Site "Sanmill"]\r\n'
-        '[Date "$date"]\r\n'
-        '[Round "$total"]\r\n'
-        '[White "$white"]\r\n'
-        '[Black "$black"]\r\n'
-        '[Result "$result"]\r\n';
-
-    if (!(moveList.length > 3 && moveList.startsWith("[FEN"))) {
-      tagPairs = "$tagPairs\r\n";
-    }
-
-    return tagPairs + moveList;
-  }
-
-  static String getTagPairs(String pgn) {
-    return pgn.substring(0, pgn.lastIndexOf("]") + 1);
-  }
-
-  static String removeTagPairs(String pgn) {
-    // If the string does not start with '[', return it as is
-    if (pgn.startsWith("[") == false) {
-      return pgn;
-    }
-
-    // Find the position of the last ']'
-    final int lastBracketPos = pgn.lastIndexOf("]");
-    if (lastBracketPos == -1) {
-      return pgn; // Return as is if there is no ']'
-    }
-
-    // Get the substring after the last ']'
-    String ret = pgn.substring(lastBracketPos + 1);
-
-    // Find the first position that is not a space or newline after the last ']'
-    int begin = 0;
-    while (begin < ret.length &&
-        (ret[begin] == ' ' || ret[begin] == '\r' || ret[begin] == '\n')) {
-      begin++;
-    }
-
-    // If no valid position is found, return an empty string
-    if (begin == ret.length) {
-      return "";
-    }
-
-    // Get the substring from the first non-space and non-newline character
-    ret = ret.substring(begin);
-
-    return ret;
-  }
-
-  static void import(String moveList) {
-    moveList = moveList.replaceAll(RegExp(r'^\s*[\r\n]+'), '');
-    String ml = moveList;
-    final String? fen = GameController().position.fen;
-    String? setupFen;
-
-    logger.t("Clipboard text: $moveList");
-
-    if (_isPlayOkMoveList(moveList)) {
-      return _importPlayOk(moveList);
-    }
-
-    if (_isFenMoveList(moveList)) {
-      setupFen = moveList.substring(moveList.indexOf("FEN"));
-      setupFen = setupFen.substring(5);
-      setupFen = setupFen.substring(0, setupFen.indexOf('"]'));
-      GameController().position.setFen(setupFen);
-    }
-
-    if (_isPureFen(moveList)) {
-      setupFen = moveList;
-      GameController().position.setFen(setupFen);
-      ml = "";
-    }
-
-    if (_isPgnMoveList(moveList)) {
-      ml = removeTagPairs(moveList);
-    }
-
-    if (_isGoldTokenMoveList(moveList)) {
-      int start = moveList.indexOf("1\t");
-
-      if (start == -1) {
-        start = moveList.indexOf("1 ");
-      }
-
-      if (start == -1) {
-        start = 0;
-      }
-
-      ml = moveList.substring(start);
-
-      // Remove "Quick Jump" and any text after it to ensure successful import
-      final int quickJumpIndex = ml.indexOf("Quick Jump");
-      if (quickJumpIndex != -1) {
-        ml = ml.substring(0, quickJumpIndex).trim();
-      }
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Is it will cause what?
-    final GameRecorder newHistory = GameRecorder(
-        lastPositionWithRemove: setupFen ?? fen, setupPosition: setupFen);
-    final List<String> list = ml
-        .toLowerCase()
-        .replaceAll("\n", " ")
-        .replaceAll(",", " ")
-        .replaceAll(";", " ")
-        .replaceAll("!", " ")
-        .replaceAll("?", " ")
-        .replaceAll("#", " ")
-        .replaceAll("()", " ")
-        .replaceAll("white", " ")
-        .replaceAll("black", " ")
-        .replaceAll("win", " ")
-        .replaceAll("lose", " ")
-        .replaceAll("draw", " ")
-        .replaceAll("resign", " ")
-        .replaceAll("-/x", "x")
-        .replaceAll("/x", "x")
-        .replaceAll("x", " x")
-        .replaceAll(".a", ". a")
-        .replaceAll(".b", ". b")
-        .replaceAll(".c", ". c")
-        .replaceAll(".d", ". d")
-        .replaceAll(".e", ". e")
-        .replaceAll(".f", ". f")
-        .replaceAll(".g", ". g")
-        // GoldToken
-        .replaceAll("\t", " ")
-        .replaceAll("place to ", "")
-        .replaceAll("  take ", " x")
-        .replaceAll(" -> ", "-")
-        // Finally
-        .split(" ");
-
-    for (String i in list) {
-      i = i.trim();
-
-      if (int.tryParse(i) != null) {
-        i = "$i.";
-      }
-
-      // TODO: [Leptopoda] Deduplicate
-      if (i.isNotEmpty && !i.endsWith(".")) {
-        final String m = _wmdNotationToMoveString(i);
-        newHistory.add(ExtMove(m));
-      }
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Is this judge necessary?
-    if (newHistory.isNotEmpty || setupFen != "") {
-      GameController().newGameRecorder = newHistory;
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Just a patch. Let status is setupPosition.
-    //  The judgment of whether it is in the setupPosition state is based on this, not newRecorder.
-    if (setupFen != "") {
-      GameController().gameRecorder.setupPosition = setupFen;
-    }
-  }
-
-  static String removeGameResultAndReplaceLineBreaks(String moveList) {
-    final String ret = moveList
-        .replaceAll("\n", " ")
-        .replaceAll(" 1/2-1/2", "")
-        .replaceAll(" 1-0", "")
-        .replaceAll(" 0-1", "")
-        .replaceAll("TXT", "");
-    return ret;
-  }
-
-  static String cleanup(String moveList) {
-    return removeGameResultAndReplaceLineBreaks(removeTagPairs(moveList));
-  }
-
-  static void _importPlayOk(String moveList) {
-    final GameRecorder newHistory =
-        GameRecorder(lastPositionWithRemove: GameController().position.fen);
-
-    final List<String> list = cleanup(moveList).split(" ");
-
-    for (String i in list) {
-      i = i.trim();
-
-      if (i.isNotEmpty &&
-          !i.endsWith(".") &&
-          !i.startsWith("[") &&
-          !i.endsWith("]")) {
-        final int iX = i.indexOf("x");
-        if (iX == -1) {
-          final String m = _playOkNotationToMoveString(i);
-          newHistory.add(ExtMove(m));
-        } else if (iX != -1) {
-          final String m1 = _playOkNotationToMoveString(i.substring(0, iX));
-          newHistory.add(ExtMove(m1));
-
-          final String m2 = _playOkNotationToMoveString(i.substring(iX));
-          newHistory.add(ExtMove(m2));
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (newHistory.isNotEmpty) {
-      GameController().newGameRecorder = newHistory;
-    }
-  }
-}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_helpers.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_helpers.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..afcaad5a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_helpers.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
+
+// import_helpers.dart
+
+import '../../../shared/utils/helpers/string_helpers/string_helper.dart';
+
+bool isPureFen(String text) {
+  if (text.length >=
+          "********/********/******** w p p 9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0".length &&
+      (text.contains("/") &&
+          text[8] == "/" &&
+          text[17] == "/" &&
+          text[26] == " ")) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool hasTagPairs(String text) {
+  if (text.length >= 15 &&
+      (text.contains("[Event") ||
+          text.contains("[White") ||
+          text.contains("[FEN"))) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool isFenMoveList(String text) {
+  if (text.length >= 15 && (text.contains("[FEN"))) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool isPlayOkMoveList(String text) {
+  // See https://www.playok.com/en/mill/#t/f
+
+  // Check for PlayOK identifier
+  if (text.contains('[Site "PlayOK"]')) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  text = removeBracketedContent(text);
+  final String noTag = removeTagPairs(text);
+
+  // Must contain "1."
+  if (!noTag.contains("1.")) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Must not be empty and must not contain any letters a-g or A-G
+  if (noTag.isEmpty || RegExp(r'[a-gA-G]').hasMatch(noTag)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool isGoldTokenMoveList(String text) {
+  // Example: https://www.goldtoken.com/games/play?g=13097650;print=yes
+
+  text = removeBracketedContent(text);
+
+  return text.contains("GoldToken") ||
+      text.contains("Place to") ||
+      text.contains(", take ") ||
+      text.contains(" -> ");
+}
+
+String getTagPairs(String pgn) {
+  // Find the index of the first '['
+  final int firstBracket = pgn.indexOf('[');
+
+  // Find the index of the last ']'
+  final int lastBracket = pgn.lastIndexOf(']');
+
+  // Check if both brackets are found and properly ordered
+  if (firstBracket != -1 && lastBracket != -1 && lastBracket > firstBracket) {
+    // Extract and return the substring from the first '[' to the last ']'
+    return pgn.substring(firstBracket, lastBracket + 1);
+  }
+
+  // Return an empty string or handle the error as needed
+  return '';
+}
+
+String removeTagPairs(String pgn) {
+  // Check if the PGN starts with '[' indicating the presence of tag pairs
+  if (!pgn.startsWith("[")) {
+    return pgn;
+  }
+
+  // Find the position of the last ']'
+  final int lastBracketPos = pgn.lastIndexOf("]");
+  if (lastBracketPos == -1) {
+    return pgn; // No closing ']', return as is
+  }
+
+  // Extract the substring after the last ']' and trim leading whitespace
+  return pgn.substring(lastBracketPos + 1).trimLeft();
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_service.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_service.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eaeb92493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/import_service.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
+
+// import_service.dart
+
+part of '../mill.dart';
+
+class ImportService {
+  const ImportService._();
+
+  static const String _logTag = "[Importer]";
+
+  /// Tries to import the game saved in the device's clipboard.
+  static Future<void> importGame(BuildContext context) async {
+    // Clear snack bars before clipboard read
+    rootScaffoldMessengerKey.currentState?.clearSnackBars();
+
+    // Pre-fetch context-dependent data
+    final S s = S.of(context);
+    final NavigatorState navigator = Navigator.of(context);
+
+    // Read clipboard data (async)
+    final ClipboardData? data = await Clipboard.getData(Clipboard.kTextPlain);
+    final String? text = data?.text;
+
+    // Immediately check if context is still valid
+    if (!context.mounted) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // If clipboard is empty or missing text, pop and return
+    if (text == null) {
+      navigator.pop();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Perform import logic
+    try {
+      import(text); // GameController().newRecorder = newHistory;
+    } catch (exception) {
+      if (!context.mounted) {
+        return;
+      }
+      final String tip = s.cannotImport(text);
+      GameController().headerTipNotifier.showTip(tip);
+      //GameController().animationController.forward();
+      navigator.pop();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Check context again before using it in navigation or showing tips
+    if (!context.mounted) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Navigation or UI updates
+    await HistoryNavigator.takeBackAll(context, pop: false);
+
+    if (!context.mounted) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    final HistoryResponse? historyResult =
+        await HistoryNavigator.stepForwardAll(context,
+            pop: false); // Error: Don't use 'BuildContext's across async gaps.
+
+    if (historyResult == const HistoryOK()) {
+      GameController().headerTipNotifier.showTip(s.gameImported);
+    } else {
+      final String tip = s.cannotImport(HistoryNavigator.importFailedStr);
+      GameController().headerTipNotifier.showTip(tip);
+      HistoryNavigator.importFailedStr = "";
+    }
+
+    navigator.pop();
+  }
+
+  static String addTagPairs(String moveList) {
+    final DateTime dateTime = DateTime.now();
+    final String date = "${dateTime.year}.${dateTime.month}.${dateTime.day}";
+
+    final int total = Position.score[PieceColor.white]! +
+        Position.score[PieceColor.black]! +
+        Position.score[PieceColor.draw]!;
+
+    final Game gameInstance = GameController().gameInstance;
+    final Player whitePlayer = gameInstance.getPlayerByColor(PieceColor.white);
+    final Player blackPlayer = gameInstance.getPlayerByColor(PieceColor.black);
+
+    String white;
+    String black;
+    String result;
+
+    if (whitePlayer.isAi) {
+      white = "AI";
+    } else {
+      white = "Human";
+    }
+
+    if (blackPlayer.isAi) {
+      black = "AI";
+    } else {
+      black = "Human";
+    }
+
+    switch (GameController().position.winner) {
+      case PieceColor.white:
+        result = "1-0";
+        break;
+      case PieceColor.black:
+        result = "0-1";
+        break;
+      case PieceColor.draw:
+        result = "1/2-1/2";
+        break;
+      case PieceColor.marked:
+      case PieceColor.none:
+      case PieceColor.nobody:
+        result = "*";
+        break;
+    }
+
+    String variantTag;
+    if (DB().ruleSettings.isLikelyNineMensMorris()) {
+      variantTag = '[Variant "Nine Men\'s Morris"]\r\n';
+    } else if (DB().ruleSettings.isLikelyTwelveMensMorris()) {
+      variantTag = '[Variant "Twelve Men\'s Morris"]\r\n';
+    } else if (DB().ruleSettings.isLikelyElFilja()) {
+      variantTag = '[Variant "El Filja"]\r\n';
+    } else {
+      variantTag = '';
+    }
+
+    final String plyCountTag =
+        '[PlyCount "${GameController().gameRecorder.length}"]\r\n';
+
+    String tagPairs = '[Event "Sanmill-Game"]\r\n'
+        '[Site "Sanmill"]\r\n'
+        '[Date "$date"]\r\n'
+        '[Round "$total"]\r\n'
+        '[White "$white"]\r\n'
+        '[Black "$black"]\r\n'
+        '[Result "$result"]\r\n'
+        '$variantTag'
+        '$plyCountTag';
+
+    // Ensure an extra CRLF if moveList does not start with "[FEN"
+    if (!(moveList.length > 3 && moveList.startsWith("[FEN"))) {
+      tagPairs = "$tagPairs\r\n";
+    }
+
+    return tagPairs + moveList;
+  }
+
+  static void import(String moveList) {
+    moveList = moveList.trim();
+    String ml = moveList;
+    String? setupFen;
+
+    logger.t("Clipboard text: $moveList");
+
+    // TODO: Improve this logic
+    if (isPlayOkMoveList(moveList)) {
+      return _importPlayOk(moveList);
+    }
+
+    if (isPureFen(moveList)) {
+      setupFen = moveList;
+      GameController().position.setFen(setupFen);
+      ml = "";
+    }
+
+    if (isGoldTokenMoveList(moveList)) {
+      int start = moveList.indexOf("1\t");
+
+      if (start == -1) {
+        start = moveList.indexOf("1 ");
+      }
+
+      if (start == -1) {
+        start = 0;
+      }
+
+      ml = moveList.substring(start);
+
+      // Remove "Quick Jump" and any text after it to ensure successful import
+      final int quickJumpIndex = ml.indexOf("Quick Jump");
+      if (quickJumpIndex != -1) {
+        ml = ml.substring(0, quickJumpIndex).trim();
+      }
+    }
+
+    final Map<String, String> replacements = <String, String>{
+      "\n": " ",
+      "()": " ",
+      "white": " ",
+      "black": " ",
+      "win": " ",
+      "lose": " ",
+      "draw": " ",
+      "resign": " ",
+      "-/x": "x",
+      "/x": "x",
+      ".a": ". a",
+      ".b": ". b",
+      ".c": ". c",
+      ".d": ". d",
+      ".e": ". e",
+      ".f": ". f",
+      ".g": ". g",
+      // GoldToken
+      "\t": " ",
+      "Place to ": "",
+      ", take ": "x",
+      " -> ": "-"
+    };
+
+    ml = processOutsideBrackets(ml, replacements);
+    _importPgn(ml);
+  }
+
+  static void _importPlayOk(String moveList) {
+    String cleanUpPlayOkMoveList(String moveList) {
+      moveList = removeTagPairs(moveList);
+      final String ret = moveList
+          .replaceAll("\n", " ")
+          .replaceAll(" 1/2-1/2", "")
+          .replaceAll(" 1-0", "")
+          .replaceAll(" 0-1", "")
+          .replaceAll("TXT", "");
+      return ret;
+    }
+
+    final GameRecorder newHistory =
+        GameRecorder(lastPositionWithRemove: GameController().position.fen);
+
+    final List<String> list = cleanUpPlayOkMoveList(moveList).split(" ");
+
+    for (String i in list) {
+      i = i.trim();
+
+      if (i.isNotEmpty &&
+          !i.endsWith(".") &&
+          !i.startsWith("[") &&
+          !i.endsWith("]")) {
+        final int iX = i.indexOf("x");
+        if (iX == -1) {
+          final String m = _playOkNotationToMoveString(i);
+          newHistory.add(ExtMove(m));
+        } else if (iX != -1) {
+          final String m1 = _playOkNotationToMoveString(i.substring(0, iX));
+          newHistory.add(ExtMove(m1));
+
+          final String m2 = _playOkNotationToMoveString(i.substring(iX));
+          newHistory.add(ExtMove(m2));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (newHistory.isNotEmpty) {
+      GameController().newGameRecorder = newHistory;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// For standard PGN strings containing headers and moves, parse them
+  /// with the pgn.dart parser, convert SAN moves to UCI notation, and store.
+  static void _importPgn(String moveList) {
+    // Parse entire PGN (including headers)
+    final PgnGame<PgnNodeData> game = PgnGame.parsePgn(moveList);
+
+    // If there's a FEN in headers, set up the Position from that FEN
+    final String? fen = game.headers['FEN'];
+    final GameRecorder newHistory = GameRecorder(
+      lastPositionWithRemove: fen ?? GameController().position.fen,
+      setupPosition: fen,
+    );
+
+    if (fen != null && fen.isNotEmpty) {
+      GameController().position.setFen(fen);
+    }
+
+    /// Helper function to split SAN moves correctly
+    List<String> splitSan(String san) {
+      List<String> segments = <String>[];
+
+      if (san.contains('x')) {
+        if (san.startsWith('x')) {
+          // All segments start with 'x'
+          final RegExp regex = RegExp(r'(x[a-g][1-7])');
+          segments = regex
+              .allMatches(san)
+              .map((RegExpMatch m) => m.group(0)!)
+              .toList();
+        } else {
+          final int firstX = san.indexOf('x');
+          if (firstX > 0) {
+            // First segment is before the first 'x'
+            final String firstSegment = san.substring(0, firstX);
+            segments.add(firstSegment);
+            // Remaining part: extract all 'x' followed by two characters
+            final RegExp regex = RegExp(r'(x[a-g][1-7])');
+            final String remainingSan = san.substring(firstX);
+            segments.addAll(regex
+                .allMatches(remainingSan)
+                .map((RegExpMatch m) => m.group(0)!)
+                .toList());
+          } else {
+            // 'x' exists but at position 0
+            final RegExp regex = RegExp(r'(x[a-g][1-7])');
+            segments = regex
+                .allMatches(san)
+                .map((RegExpMatch m) => m.group(0)!)
+                .toList();
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        // No 'x', process as single segment
+        segments.add(san);
+      }
+
+      return segments;
+    }
+
+    // Convert each SAN to your WMD notation and add to newHistory
+    for (final PgnNodeData node in game.moves.mainline()) {
+      final String san = node.san.trim().toLowerCase();
+      if (san.isEmpty ||
+          san == "*" ||
+          san == "x" ||
+          san == "xx" ||
+          san == "xxx" ||
+          san == "p") {
+        // Skip pass or asterisks
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      final List<String> segments = splitSan(san);
+
+      for (final String segment in segments) {
+        if (segment.isEmpty) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        try {
+          final String uciMove = _wmdNotationToMoveString(segment);
+          newHistory.add(ExtMove(uciMove));
+        } catch (e) {
+          logger.e("$_logTag Failed to parse move segment '$segment': $e");
+          throw ImportFormatException("Invalid move segment: $segment");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (newHistory.isNotEmpty || (fen != null && fen.isNotEmpty)) {
+      GameController().newGameRecorder = newHistory;
+    }
+
+    if (fen != null && fen.isNotEmpty) {
+      GameController().gameRecorder.setupPosition = fen;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/notation_parsing.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/notation_parsing.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..47282e39b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/notation_parsing.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
+
+// notation_parsing.dart
+
+part of '../mill.dart';
+
+const String _logTag = "[NotationParsing]";
+
+String _wmdNotationToMoveString(String wmd) {
+  // Handle capture moves starting with 'x' e.g., 'xd1'
+  if (wmd.startsWith('x') && wmd.length == 3) {
+    final String target = wmd.substring(1, 3);
+    final String? mapped = wmdNotationToMove[target];
+    if (mapped != null) {
+      return "-$mapped";
+    }
+    logger.w("$_logTag Unknown capture target: $wmd");
+    throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
+  }
+
+  // Handle from-to moves e.g., 'a1-a4'
+  if (wmd.length == 5 && wmd[2] == '-') {
+    final String from = wmd.substring(0, 2);
+    final String to = wmd.substring(3, 5);
+    final String? mappedFrom = wmdNotationToMove[from];
+    final String? mappedTo = wmdNotationToMove[to];
+    if (mappedFrom != null && mappedTo != null) {
+      return "$mappedFrom->$mappedTo";
+    }
+    logger.w("$_logTag Unknown move from or to: $wmd");
+    throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
+  }
+
+  // Handle simple moves without captures e.g., 'a1'
+  if (wmd.length == 2) {
+    final String? mapped = wmdNotationToMove[wmd];
+    if (mapped != null) {
+      return mapped;
+    }
+    logger.w("$_logTag Unknown move: $wmd");
+    throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
+  }
+
+  // Handle unsupported formats
+  if ((wmd.length == 8 && wmd[2] == '-' && wmd[5] == 'x') ||
+      (wmd.length == 5 && wmd[2] == 'x')) {
+    logger.w("$_logTag Not support parsing format oo-ooxo notation: $wmd");
+    throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
+  }
+
+  // If none of the above conditions are met, throw an exception
+  logger.w("$_logTag Not support parsing format: $wmd");
+  throw ImportFormatException(wmd);
+}
+
+String _playOkNotationToMoveString(String playOk) {
+  if (playOk.isEmpty) {
+    throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
+  }
+
+  final int iDash = playOk.indexOf("-");
+  final int iX = playOk.indexOf("x");
+
+  if (iDash == -1 && iX == -1) {
+    // 12
+    final int val = int.parse(playOk);
+    if (val >= 1 && val <= 24) {
+      return playOkNotationToMove[playOk]!;
+    } else {
+      throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (iX == 0) {
+    // x12
+    final String sub = playOk.substring(1);
+    final int val = int.parse(sub);
+    if (val >= 1 && val <= 24) {
+      return "-${playOkNotationToMove[sub]!}";
+    } else {
+      throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
+    }
+  }
+  if (iDash != -1 && iX == -1) {
+    String? move;
+    // 12-13
+    final String sub1 = playOk.substring(0, iDash);
+    final int val1 = int.parse(sub1);
+    if (val1 >= 1 && val1 <= 24) {
+      move = playOkNotationToMove[sub1];
+    } else {
+      throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
+    }
+
+    final String sub2 = playOk.substring(iDash + 1);
+    final int val2 = int.parse(sub2);
+    if (val2 >= 1 && val2 <= 24) {
+      return "$move->${playOkNotationToMove[sub2]!}";
+    } else {
+      throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
+    }
+  }
+
+  logger.w("$_logTag Not support parsing format oo-ooxo PlayOK notation.");
+  throw ImportFormatException(playOk);
+}
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/pgn.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/pgn.dart
index 96607925e..2498cd60e 100644
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/pgn.dart
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/import_export/pgn.dart
@@ -9,6 +9,48 @@ import '../mill.dart';
 
 typedef PgnHeaders = Map<String, String>;
 
+/// A small stub to replace references to an `fromPgn`.
+/// Adjust if you have a different result-handling approach.
+
+/// Minimal stub to parse a string like `1-0` / `0-1` / `1/2-1/2` / `*`.
+String fromPgn(String? result) {
+  if (result == '1-0' || result == '0-1' || result == '1/2-1/2') {
+    return result!;
+  }
+  return '*';
+}
+
+/// Return the same string for PGN writing.
+String toPgnString(String result) => result;
+
+/// Minimal stub for a `Square` class.
+/// Nine Men's Morris typically uses a-g,1-7. You can adjust as needed.
+@immutable
+class Square {
+  const Square(this.name);
+  final String name;
+
+  static Square? parse(String str) {
+    // For a-g1-7
+    if (str.length == 2) {
+      final int file = str.codeUnitAt(0); // 'a'..'g'
+      final int rank = str.codeUnitAt(1); // '1'..'7'
+      if (file >= 97 && file <= 103 && rank >= 49 && rank <= 55) {
+        return Square(str);
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  @override
+  bool operator ==(Object other) =>
+      identical(this, other) ||
+      other is Square && runtimeType == other.runtimeType && name == other.name;
+
+  @override
+  int get hashCode => name.hashCode;
+}
+
 /// A Portable Game Notation (PGN) representation adapted for Nine Men's Morris.
 ///
 /// A PGN game is composed of [PgnHeaders] and moves represented by a [PgnNode] tree.
@@ -81,7 +123,7 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
   final PgnNode<T> moves;
 
   /// Create default headers of a PGN.
-  static PgnHeaders defaultHeaders() => {
+  static PgnHeaders defaultHeaders() => <String, String>{
         'Event': '?',
         'Site': '?',
         'Date': '????.??.??',
@@ -96,22 +138,24 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
 
   /// Parse a PGN string and return a [PgnGame].
   ///
-  /// Provide a optional function [initHeaders] to create different headers other than the default.
+  /// Provide an optional function [initHeaders] to create different headers other than the default.
   ///
   /// The parser will interpret any input as a PGN, creating a tree of
   /// syntactically valid (but not necessarily legal) moves, skipping any invalid
   /// tokens.
   static PgnGame<PgnNodeData> parsePgn(String pgn,
       {PgnHeaders Function() initHeaders = defaultHeaders}) {
-    final List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> games = [];
+    final List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> games = <PgnGame<PgnNodeData>>[];
     _PgnParser((PgnGame<PgnNodeData> game) {
       games.add(game);
     }, initHeaders)
         .parse(pgn);
 
     if (games.isEmpty) {
-      return PgnGame(
-          headers: initHeaders(), moves: PgnNode(), comments: const []);
+      return PgnGame<PgnNodeData>(
+          headers: initHeaders(),
+          moves: PgnNode<PgnNodeData>(),
+          comments: const <String>[]);
     }
     return games[0];
   }
@@ -119,18 +163,18 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
   /// Parse a multi game PGN string.
   ///
   /// Returns a list of [PgnGame].
-  /// Provide a optional function [initHeaders] to create different headers other than the default
+  /// Provide an optional function [initHeaders] to create different headers other than the default
   ///
   /// The parser will interpret any input as a PGN, creating a tree of
   /// syntactically valid (but not necessarily legal) moves, skipping any invalid
   /// tokens.
   static List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> parseMultiGamePgn(String pgn,
       {PgnHeaders Function() initHeaders = defaultHeaders}) {
-    final multiGamePgnSplit = RegExp(r'\n\s+(?=\[)');
-    final List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> games = [];
-    final pgnGames = pgn.split(multiGamePgnSplit);
-    for (final pgnGame in pgnGames) {
-      final List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> parsedGames = [];
+    final RegExp multiGamePgnSplit = RegExp(r'\n\s+(?=\[)');
+    final List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> games = <PgnGame<PgnNodeData>>[];
+    final List<String> pgnGames = pgn.split(multiGamePgnSplit);
+    for (final String pgnGame in pgnGames) {
+      final List<PgnGame<PgnNodeData>> parsedGames = <PgnGame<PgnNodeData>>[];
       _PgnParser((PgnGame<PgnNodeData> game) {
         parsedGames.add(game);
       }, initHeaders)
@@ -142,50 +186,47 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
     return games;
   }
 
-  /// Create a [Position] for a Variant from the headers.
+  /// Create a [Position] for Nine Men's Morris from the headers.
   ///
-  /// Headers can include an optional 'Variant' and 'FEN' key.
+  /// Headers can include an optional 'FEN' key.
+  /// If present, sets the position from the FEN. Otherwise, sets a fresh position [pos.reset()].
   ///
-  /// Throws a [PositionSetupException] if it does not meet basic validity requirements.
-  static Position startingPosition(PgnHeaders headers,
-      {bool? ignoreImpossibleCheck}) {
-    final rule = Rule.fromPgn(headers['Variant']);
-    if (rule == null) throw PositionSetupException.variant;
-    if (!headers.containsKey('FEN')) {
-      return Position.initialPosition(rule);
-    }
-    final fen = headers['FEN']!;
-    try {
-      return Position.setupPosition(rule, Setup.parseFen(fen),
-          ignoreImpossibleCheck: ignoreImpossibleCheck);
-    } catch (err) {
-      rethrow;
+  /// If the FEN is invalid, an [Exception] is thrown.
+  static Position startingPosition(PgnHeaders headers) {
+    final Position pos = Position();
+    pos.reset();
+    if (headers.containsKey('FEN')) {
+      final String fen = headers['FEN']!;
+      if (!pos.setFen(fen)) {
+        throw Exception("Invalid FEN: $fen");
+      }
     }
+    return pos;
   }
 
   /// Make a PGN String from [PgnGame].
   String makePgn() {
-    final builder = StringBuffer();
-    final token = StringBuffer();
+    final StringBuffer builder = StringBuffer();
+    final StringBuffer token = StringBuffer();
 
     if (headers.isNotEmpty) {
-      headers.forEach((key, value) {
+      headers.forEach((String key, String value) {
         builder.writeln('[$key "${_escapeHeader(value)}"]');
       });
       builder.write('\n');
     }
 
-    for (final comment in comments) {
+    for (final String comment in comments) {
       builder.writeln('{ ${_safeComment(comment)} }');
     }
 
-    final fen = headers['FEN'];
-    final initialPly = fen != null ? _getPlyFromSetup(fen) : 0;
+    final String? fen = headers['FEN'];
+    final int initialPly = fen != null ? _getPlyFromSetup(fen) : 0;
 
-    final List<_PgnFrame> stack = [];
+    final List<_PgnFrame> stack = <_PgnFrame>[];
 
     if (moves.children.isNotEmpty) {
-      final variations = moves.children.iterator;
+      final Iterator<PgnChildNode<T>> variations = moves.children.iterator;
       variations.moveNext();
       stack.add(_PgnFrame(
           state: _PgnState.pre,
@@ -198,7 +239,7 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
 
     bool forceMoveNumber = true;
     while (stack.isNotEmpty) {
-      final frame = stack[stack.length - 1];
+      final _PgnFrame frame = stack[stack.length - 1];
 
       if (frame.inVariation) {
         token.write(') ');
@@ -210,7 +251,7 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
         case _PgnState.pre:
           {
             if (frame.node.data.startingComments != null) {
-              for (final comment in frame.node.data.startingComments!) {
+              for (final String comment in frame.node.data.startingComments!) {
                 token.write('{ ${_safeComment(comment)} } ');
               }
               forceMoveNumber = true;
@@ -222,13 +263,13 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
             }
             token.write('${frame.node.data.san} ');
             if (frame.node.data.nags != null) {
-              for (final nag in frame.node.data.nags!) {
+              for (final int nag in frame.node.data.nags!) {
                 token.write('\$$nag ');
               }
               forceMoveNumber = true;
             }
             if (frame.node.data.comments != null) {
-              for (final comment in frame.node.data.comments!) {
+              for (final String comment in frame.node.data.comments!) {
                 token.write('{ ${_safeComment(comment)} } ');
               }
             }
@@ -238,7 +279,7 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
 
         case _PgnState.sidelines:
           {
-            final child = frame.sidelines.moveNext();
+            final bool child = frame.sidelines.moveNext();
             if (child) {
               token.write('( ');
               forceMoveNumber = true;
@@ -253,7 +294,8 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
               frame.inVariation = true;
             } else {
               if (frame.node.children.isNotEmpty) {
-                final variations = frame.node.children.iterator;
+                final Iterator<PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData>> variations =
+                    frame.node.children.iterator;
                 variations.moveNext();
                 stack.add(_PgnFrame(
                     state: _PgnState.pre,
@@ -274,7 +316,7 @@ class PgnGame<T extends PgnNodeData> {
           }
       }
     }
-    token.write(Outcome.toPgnString(Outcome.fromPgn(headers['Result'])));
+    token.write(toPgnString(fromPgn(headers['Result'])));
     builder.writeln(token.toString());
     return builder.toString();
   }
@@ -301,13 +343,13 @@ class PgnNodeData {
 
 /// Parent node containing a list of child nodes (does not contain any data itself).
 class PgnNode<T extends PgnNodeData> {
-  final List<PgnChildNode<T>> children = [];
+  final List<PgnChildNode<T>> children = <PgnChildNode<T>>[];
 
   /// Implements an [Iterable] to iterate the mainline.
   Iterable<T> mainline() sync* {
-    var node = this;
+    PgnNode<T> node = this;
     while (node.children.isNotEmpty) {
-      final child = node.children[0];
+      final PgnChildNode<T> child = node.children[0];
       yield child.data;
       node = child;
     }
@@ -320,21 +362,26 @@ class PgnNode<T extends PgnNodeData> {
   /// The callback should return a tuple of the updated context and node data.
   PgnNode<U> transform<U extends PgnNodeData, C>(
       C context, (C, U)? Function(C context, T data, int childIndex) f) {
-    final root = PgnNode<U>();
-    final stack = [(before: this, after: root, context: context)];
+    final PgnNode<U> root = PgnNode<U>();
+    final List<({PgnNode<U> after, PgnNode<T> before, C context})> stack = <({
+      PgnNode<U> after,
+      PgnNode<T> before,
+      C context
+    })>[(before: this, after: root, context: context)];
 
     while (stack.isNotEmpty) {
-      final frame = stack.removeLast();
+      final ({PgnNode<U> after, PgnNode<T> before, C context}) frame =
+          stack.removeLast();
       for (int childIdx = 0;
           childIdx < frame.before.children.length;
           childIdx++) {
         C ctx = frame.context;
-        final childBefore = frame.before.children[childIdx];
-        final transformData = f(ctx, childBefore.data, childIdx);
+        final PgnChildNode<T> childBefore = frame.before.children[childIdx];
+        final (C, U)? transformData = f(ctx, childBefore.data, childIdx);
         if (transformData != null) {
-          final (newCtx, data) = transformData;
+          final (C newCtx, U data) = transformData;
           ctx = newCtx;
-          final childAfter = PgnChildNode(data);
+          final PgnChildNode<U> childAfter = PgnChildNode<U>(data);
           frame.after.children.add(childAfter);
           stack.add((before: childBefore, after: childAfter, context: ctx));
         }
@@ -354,7 +401,7 @@ class PgnChildNode<T extends PgnNodeData> extends PgnNode<T> {
   T data;
 }
 
-/// Represents the color of a PGN comment.
+/// Represents the color of a PGN comment shape.
 ///
 /// Can be green, red, yellow, and blue.
 enum CommentShapeColor {
@@ -413,13 +460,16 @@ class PgnCommentShape {
 
   /// Parse the PGN for any comment or return null.
   static PgnCommentShape? fromPgn(String str) {
-    final color = CommentShapeColor.parseShapeColor(str.substring(0, 1));
-    final from = Square.parse(str.substring(1, 3));
-    if (color == null || from == null) return null;
+    final CommentShapeColor? color =
+        CommentShapeColor.parseShapeColor(str.substring(0, 1));
+    final Square? from = Square.parse(str.substring(1, 3));
+    if (color == null || from == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
     if (str.length == 3) {
       return PgnCommentShape(color: color, from: from, to: from);
     }
-    final to = Square.parse(str.substring(3, 5));
+    final Square? to = Square.parse(str.substring(3, 5));
     if (str.length == 5 && to != null) {
       return PgnCommentShape(color: color, from: from, to: to);
     }
@@ -481,13 +531,15 @@ class PgnEvaluation {
 
   /// Create a PGN evaluation string
   String toPgn() {
-    var str = '';
+    String str = '';
     if (isPawns()) {
       str = pawns!.toStringAsFixed(2);
     } else {
       str = '#$mate';
     }
-    if (depth != null) str = '$str,$depth';
+    if (depth != null) {
+      str = '$str,$depth';
+    }
     return str;
   }
 }
@@ -497,43 +549,28 @@ class PgnEvaluation {
 class PgnComment {
   const PgnComment(
       {this.text,
-      this.shapes = const IListConst([]),
+      this.shapes = const IListConst<PgnCommentShape>(<PgnCommentShape>[]),
       this.clock,
       this.emt,
       this.eval})
       : assert(text == null || text != '');
 
-  /// Comment string.
-  final String? text;
-
-  /// List of comment shapes.
-  final IList<PgnCommentShape> shapes;
-
-  /// Player's remaining time.
-  final Duration? clock;
-
-  /// Player's elapsed move time.
-  final Duration? emt;
-
-  /// Move evaluation.
-  final PgnEvaluation? eval;
-
   /// Parses a PGN comment string to a [PgnComment].
   factory PgnComment.fromPgn(String comment) {
     Duration? emt;
     Duration? clock;
-    final List<PgnCommentShape> shapes = [];
+    final List<PgnCommentShape> shapes = <PgnCommentShape>[];
     PgnEvaluation? eval;
-    final text = comment.replaceAllMapped(
+    final String text = comment.replaceAllMapped(
         RegExp(
             r'\s?\[%(emt|clk)\s(\d{1,5}):(\d{1,2}):(\d{1,2}(?:\.\d{0,3})?)\]\s?'),
-        (match) {
-      final annotation = match.group(1);
-      final hours = match.group(2);
-      final minutes = match.group(3);
-      final seconds = match.group(4);
-      final secondsValue = double.parse(seconds!);
-      final duration = Duration(
+        (Match match) {
+      final String? annotation = match.group(1);
+      final String? hours = match.group(2);
+      final String? minutes = match.group(3);
+      final String? seconds = match.group(4);
+      final double secondsValue = double.parse(seconds!);
+      final Duration duration = Duration(
           hours: int.parse(hours!),
           minutes: int.parse(minutes!),
           seconds: secondsValue.truncate(),
@@ -547,24 +584,26 @@ class PgnComment {
       return '  ';
     }).replaceAllMapped(
         RegExp(
-            r'\s?\[%(?:csl|cal)\s([RGYB][a-h][1-8](?:[a-h][1-8])?(?:,[RGYB][a-h][1-8](?:[a-h][1-8])?)*)\]\s?'),
-        (match) {
-      final arrows = match.group(1);
+            r'\s?\[%(?:csl|cal)\s([RGYB][a-g][1-7](?:[a-g][1-7])?(?:,[RGYB][a-g][1-7](?:[a-g][1-7])?)*)\]\s?'),
+        (Match match) {
+      final String? arrows = match.group(1);
       if (arrows != null) {
-        for (final arrow in arrows.split(',')) {
-          final shape = PgnCommentShape.fromPgn(arrow);
-          if (shape != null) shapes.add(shape);
+        for (final String arrow in arrows.split(',')) {
+          final PgnCommentShape? shape = PgnCommentShape.fromPgn(arrow);
+          if (shape != null) {
+            shapes.add(shape);
+          }
         }
       }
       return '  ';
     }).replaceAllMapped(
         RegExp(
             r'\s?\[%eval\s(?:#([+-]?\d{1,5})|([+-]?(?:\d{1,5}|\d{0,5}\.\d{1,2})))(?:,(\d{1,5}))?\]\s?'),
-        (match) {
-      final mate = match.group(1);
-      final pawns = match.group(2);
-      final d = match.group(3);
-      final depth = d != null ? int.parse(d) : null;
+        (Match match) {
+      final String? mate = match.group(1);
+      final String? pawns = match.group(2);
+      final String? d = match.group(3);
+      final int? depth = d != null ? int.parse(d) : null;
       eval = mate != null
           ? PgnEvaluation.mate(mate: int.parse(mate), depth: depth)
           : PgnEvaluation.pawns(
@@ -574,27 +613,54 @@ class PgnComment {
 
     return PgnComment(
         text: text.isNotEmpty ? text : null,
-        shapes: IList(shapes),
+        shapes: IList<PgnCommentShape>(shapes),
         emt: emt,
         clock: clock,
         eval: eval);
   }
 
+  /// Comment string.
+  final String? text;
+
+  /// List of comment shapes.
+  final IList<PgnCommentShape> shapes;
+
+  /// Player's remaining time.
+  final Duration? clock;
+
+  /// Player's elapsed move time.
+  final Duration? emt;
+
+  /// Move evaluation.
+  final PgnEvaluation? eval;
+
   /// Make a PGN string from this comment.
   String makeComment() {
-    final List<String> builder = [];
-    if (text != null) builder.add(text!);
-    final circles = shapes
-        .where((shape) => shape.to == shape.from)
-        .map((shape) => shape.toString());
-    if (circles.isNotEmpty) builder.add('[%csl ${circles.join(",")}]');
-    final arrows = shapes
-        .where((shape) => shape.to != shape.from)
-        .map((shape) => shape.toString());
-    if (arrows.isNotEmpty) builder.add('[%cal ${arrows.join(",")}]');
-    if (eval != null) builder.add('[%eval ${eval!.toPgn()}]');
-    if (emt != null) builder.add('[%emt ${_makeClk(emt!)}]');
-    if (clock != null) builder.add('[%clk ${_makeClk(clock!)}]');
+    final List<String> builder = <String>[];
+    if (text != null) {
+      builder.add(text!);
+    }
+    final Iterable<String> circles = shapes
+        .where((PgnCommentShape shape) => shape.to == shape.from)
+        .map((PgnCommentShape shape) => shape.toString());
+    if (circles.isNotEmpty) {
+      builder.add('[%csl ${circles.join(",")}]');
+    }
+    final Iterable<String> arrows = shapes
+        .where((PgnCommentShape shape) => shape.to != shape.from)
+        .map((PgnCommentShape shape) => shape.toString());
+    if (arrows.isNotEmpty) {
+      builder.add('[%cal ${arrows.join(",")}]');
+    }
+    if (eval != null) {
+      builder.add('[%eval ${eval!.toPgn()}]');
+    }
+    if (emt != null) {
+      builder.add('[%emt ${_makeClk(emt!)}]');
+    }
+    if (clock != null) {
+      builder.add('[%clk ${_makeClk(clock!)}]');
+    }
     return builder.join(' ');
   }
 
@@ -619,12 +685,11 @@ class PgnComment {
 
 /// A frame used for parsing a line
 class _ParserFrame {
+  _ParserFrame({required this.parent, required this.root});
   PgnNode<PgnNodeData> parent;
   bool root;
   PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData>? node;
   List<String>? startingComments;
-
-  _ParserFrame({required this.parent, required this.root});
 }
 
 enum _ParserState { bom, pre, headers, moves, comment }
@@ -633,13 +698,6 @@ enum _PgnState { pre, sidelines, end }
 
 /// A frame used for creating PGN
 class _PgnFrame {
-  _PgnState state;
-  int ply;
-  PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData> node;
-  Iterator<PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData>> sidelines;
-  bool startsVariation;
-  bool inVariation;
-
   _PgnFrame(
       {required this.state,
       required this.ply,
@@ -647,26 +705,27 @@ class _PgnFrame {
       required this.sidelines,
       required this.startsVariation,
       required this.inVariation});
+  _PgnState state;
+  int ply;
+  PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData> node;
+  Iterator<PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData>> sidelines;
+  bool startsVariation;
+  bool inVariation;
 }
 
 /// Remove escape sequence from the string
 String _escapeHeader(String value) =>
-    value.replaceAll(RegExp(r'\\'), '\\\\').replaceAll(RegExp('"'), '\\"');
+    value.replaceAll(RegExp(r'\\'), r'\\').replaceAll(RegExp('"'), r'\"');
 
 /// Remove '}' from the comment string
 String _safeComment(String value) => value.replaceAll(RegExp(r'\}'), '');
 
-/// Return ply from a fen if fen is valid else return 0
+/// For Nine Men's Morris, we don't do advanced FEN parsing for ply. Return 0 here.
 int _getPlyFromSetup(String fen) {
-  try {
-    final setup = Setup.parseFen(fen);
-    return (setup.fullmoves - 1) * 2 + (setup.turn == Side.white ? 0 : 1);
-  } catch (e) {
-    return 0;
-  }
+  return 0; // Minimal stub
 }
 
-const _bom = '\ufeff';
+const String _bom = '\ufeff';
 
 bool _isWhitespace(String line) => RegExp(r'^\s*$').hasMatch(line);
 
@@ -674,7 +733,11 @@ bool _isCommentLine(String line) => line.startsWith('%');
 
 /// A class to read a string and create a [PgnGame] (adapted for Nine Men's Morris).
 class _PgnParser {
-  List<String> _lineBuf = [];
+  _PgnParser(this.emitGame, this.initHeaders) {
+    _resetGame();
+    _state = _ParserState.bom;
+  }
+  List<String> _lineBuf = <String>[];
   late bool _found;
   late _ParserState _state = _ParserState.pre;
   late PgnHeaders _gameHeaders;
@@ -683,25 +746,20 @@ class _PgnParser {
   late List<_ParserFrame> _stack;
   late List<String> _commentBuf;
 
-  /// Function to which the parsed game is passed to
+  /// Function to which the parsed game is passed
   final void Function(PgnGame<PgnNodeData>) emitGame;
 
   /// Function to create the headers
   final PgnHeaders Function() initHeaders;
 
-  _PgnParser(this.emitGame, this.initHeaders) {
-    _resetGame();
-    _state = _ParserState.bom;
-  }
-
   void _resetGame() {
     _found = false;
     _state = _ParserState.pre;
     _gameHeaders = initHeaders();
-    _gameMoves = PgnNode();
-    _gameComments = [];
-    _commentBuf = [];
-    _stack = [_ParserFrame(parent: _gameMoves, root: true)];
+    _gameMoves = PgnNode<PgnNodeData>();
+    _gameComments = <String>[];
+    _commentBuf = <String>[];
+    _stack = <_ParserFrame>[_ParserFrame(parent: _gameMoves, root: true)];
   }
 
   void _emit() {
@@ -710,7 +768,7 @@ class _PgnParser {
     }
     if (_found) {
       emitGame(
-        PgnGame(
+        PgnGame<PgnNodeData>(
             headers: _gameHeaders, moves: _gameMoves, comments: _gameComments),
       );
     }
@@ -719,13 +777,14 @@ class _PgnParser {
 
   /// Parse the PGN string
   void parse(String data) {
-    var idx = 0;
+    int idx = 0;
     for (;;) {
-      final nlIdx = data.indexOf('\n', idx);
+      final int nlIdx = data.indexOf('\n', idx);
       if (nlIdx == -1) {
         break;
       }
-      final crIdx = nlIdx > idx && data[nlIdx - 1] == '\r' ? nlIdx - 1 : nlIdx;
+      final int crIdx =
+          nlIdx > idx && data[nlIdx - 1] == '\r' ? nlIdx - 1 : nlIdx;
       _lineBuf.add(data.substring(idx, crIdx));
       idx = nlIdx + 1;
       _handleLine();
@@ -737,9 +796,9 @@ class _PgnParser {
   }
 
   void _handleLine() {
-    var freshLine = true;
-    var line = _lineBuf.join();
-    _lineBuf = [];
+    bool freshLine = true;
+    String line = _lineBuf.join();
+    _lineBuf = <String>[];
     continuedLine:
     for (;;) {
       switch (_state) {
@@ -754,7 +813,9 @@ class _PgnParser {
 
         case _ParserState.pre:
           {
-            if (_isWhitespace(line) || _isCommentLine(line)) return;
+            if (_isWhitespace(line) || _isCommentLine(line)) {
+              return;
+            }
             _found = true;
             _state = _ParserState.headers;
             continue;
@@ -762,23 +823,27 @@ class _PgnParser {
 
         case _ParserState.headers:
           {
-            if (_isCommentLine(line)) return;
-            var moreHeaders = true;
-            final headerReg = RegExp(
+            if (_isCommentLine(line)) {
+              return;
+            }
+            bool moreHeaders = true;
+            final RegExp headerReg = RegExp(
                 r'^\s*\[([A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_+#=:-]*)\s+"((?:[^"\\]|\\"|\\\\)*)"\]');
             while (moreHeaders) {
               moreHeaders = false;
-              line = line.replaceFirstMapped(headerReg, (match) {
+              line = line.replaceFirstMapped(headerReg, (Match match) {
                 if (match[1] != null && match[2] != null) {
                   _gameHeaders[match[1]!] =
-                      match[2]!.replaceAll('\\"', '"').replaceAll('\\\\', '\\');
+                      match[2]!.replaceAll(r'\"', '"').replaceAll(r'\\', r'\');
                   moreHeaders = true;
                   freshLine = false;
                 }
                 return '';
               });
             }
-            if (_isWhitespace(line)) return;
+            if (_isWhitespace(line)) {
+              return;
+            }
             _state = _ParserState.moves;
             continue;
           }
@@ -786,20 +851,22 @@ class _PgnParser {
         case _ParserState.moves:
           {
             if (freshLine) {
-              if (_isWhitespace(line) || _isCommentLine(line)) return;
+              if (_isWhitespace(line) || _isCommentLine(line)) {
+                return;
+              }
             }
             // Adapted Nine Men's Morris token regex:
-            final tokenRegex = RegExp(
+            final RegExp tokenRegex = RegExp(
                 r'(?:p|x+|[a-g][1-7](?:[-x][a-g][1-7])*)|{|;|\$\d{1,4}|[?!]{1,2}|\(|\)|\*|1-0|0-1|1\/2-1\/2/');
-            final matches = tokenRegex.allMatches(line);
-            for (final match in matches) {
-              final frame = _stack[_stack.length - 1];
-              var token = match[0];
+            final Iterable<RegExpMatch> matches = tokenRegex.allMatches(line);
+            for (final RegExpMatch match in matches) {
+              final _ParserFrame frame = _stack[_stack.length - 1];
+              final String? token = match[0];
               if (token != null) {
                 if (token == ';') {
                   // Remainder of line is a comment
                   return;
-                } else if (token.startsWith('\$')) {
+                } else if (token.startsWith(r'$')) {
                   _handleNag(int.parse(token.substring(1)));
                 } else if (token == '!') {
                   _handleNag(1);
@@ -823,12 +890,14 @@ class _PgnParser {
                 } else if (token == '(') {
                   _stack.add(_ParserFrame(parent: frame.parent, root: false));
                 } else if (token == ')') {
-                  if (_stack.length > 1) _stack.removeLast();
+                  if (_stack.length > 1) {
+                    _stack.removeLast();
+                  }
                 } else if (token == '{') {
-                  final openIndex = match.end;
+                  final int openIndex = match.end;
                   _state = _ParserState.comment;
                   if (openIndex < line.length) {
-                    final beginIndex =
+                    final int beginIndex =
                         line[openIndex] == ' ' ? openIndex + 1 : openIndex;
                     line = line.substring(beginIndex);
                   } else if (openIndex == line.length) {
@@ -840,7 +909,7 @@ class _PgnParser {
                   if (frame.node != null) {
                     frame.parent = frame.node!;
                   }
-                  frame.node = PgnChildNode(PgnNodeData(
+                  frame.node = PgnChildNode<PgnNodeData>(PgnNodeData(
                       san: token, startingComments: frame.startingComments));
                   frame.startingComments = null;
                   frame.root = false;
@@ -853,12 +922,12 @@ class _PgnParser {
 
         case _ParserState.comment:
           {
-            final closeIndex = line.indexOf('}');
+            final int closeIndex = line.indexOf('}');
             if (closeIndex == -1) {
               _commentBuf.add(line);
               return;
             } else {
-              final endIndex = closeIndex > 0 && line[closeIndex - 1] == ' '
+              final int endIndex = closeIndex > 0 && line[closeIndex - 1] == ' '
                   ? closeIndex - 1
                   : closeIndex;
               _commentBuf.add(line.substring(0, endIndex));
@@ -873,24 +942,24 @@ class _PgnParser {
   }
 
   void _handleNag(int nag) {
-    final frame = _stack[_stack.length - 1];
+    final _ParserFrame frame = _stack[_stack.length - 1];
     if (frame.node != null) {
-      frame.node!.data.nags ??= [];
+      frame.node!.data.nags ??= <int>[];
       frame.node!.data.nags?.add(nag);
     }
   }
 
   void _handleComment() {
-    final frame = _stack[_stack.length - 1];
-    final comment = _commentBuf.join('\n');
-    _commentBuf = [];
+    final _ParserFrame frame = _stack[_stack.length - 1];
+    final String comment = _commentBuf.join('\n');
+    _commentBuf = <String>[];
     if (frame.node != null) {
-      frame.node!.data.comments ??= [];
+      frame.node!.data.comments ??= <String>[];
       frame.node!.data.comments?.add(comment);
     } else if (frame.root) {
       _gameComments.add(comment);
     } else {
-      frame.startingComments ??= [];
+      frame.startingComments ??= <String>[];
       frame.startingComments!.add(comment);
     }
   }
@@ -898,17 +967,17 @@ class _PgnParser {
 
 /// Make the clock to string from seconds
 String _makeClk(Duration duration) {
-  final seconds = duration.inMilliseconds / 1000;
-  final positiveSecs = math.max(0, seconds);
-  final hours = (positiveSecs / 3600).floor();
-  final minutes = ((positiveSecs % 3600) / 60).floor();
-  final maxSec = (positiveSecs % 3600) % 60;
-  final intVal = maxSec.toInt();
-  final frac = (maxSec - intVal) // get the fraction part of seconds
+  final double seconds = duration.inMilliseconds / 1000;
+  final num positiveSecs = math.max(0, seconds);
+  final int hours = (positiveSecs / 3600).floor();
+  final int minutes = ((positiveSecs % 3600) / 60).floor();
+  final num maxSec = (positiveSecs % 3600) % 60;
+  final int intVal = maxSec.toInt();
+  final String frac = (maxSec - intVal) // get the fraction part of seconds
       .toStringAsFixed(3)
       .replaceAll(RegExp(r'\.?0+$'), '')
       .substring(1);
-  final dec =
+  final String dec =
       intVal.toString().padLeft(2, '0'); // get the decimal part of seconds
   return '$hours:${minutes.toString().padLeft(2, "0")}:$dec$frac';
 }
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/mill.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/mill.dart
index 46d143d88..2e3fb2571 100644
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/mill.dart
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/mill.dart
@@ -36,10 +36,13 @@ import '../../shared/themes/app_theme.dart';
 import '../../shared/utils/helpers/array_helpers/array_helper.dart';
 import '../../shared/utils/helpers/list_helpers/pointed_list.dart';
 import '../../shared/utils/helpers/string_helpers/string_buffer_helper.dart';
+import '../../shared/utils/helpers/string_helpers/string_helper.dart';
 import '../../shared/widgets/snackbars/scaffold_messenger.dart';
 import 'animation/animation_manager.dart';
 import 'engine/bitboard.dart';
 import "gif_share/gif_share.dart";
+import 'import_export/import_helpers.dart';
+import 'import_export/pgn.dart';
 
 part 'controller/game_controller.dart';
 part 'controller/game_recorder.dart';
@@ -54,7 +57,10 @@ part 'engine/opening_book.dart';
 part 'engine/position.dart';
 part 'engine/types.dart';
 part 'engine/zobrist.dart';
-part 'import_export/import_export_service.dart';
+part 'import_export/export_service.dart';
+part 'import_export/import_exceptions.dart';
+part 'import_export/import_service.dart';
+part 'import_export/notation_parsing.dart';
 part 'notifiers/board_semantics_notifier.dart';
 part 'notifiers/game_result_notifier.dart';
 part 'notifiers/header_icons_notifier.dart';
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/save_load/save_load_service.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/save_load/save_load_service.dart
index fec8106ba..f53d438cc 100644
--- a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/save_load/save_load_service.dart
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/game_page/services/save_load/save_load_service.dart
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ class LoadService {
       fsType: FilesystemType.file,
       showGoUp: !kIsWeb && !Platform.isLinux,
       allowedExtensions: <String>[".pgn"],
-      fileTileSelectMode:
-          FileTileSelectMode.checkButton, // TODO: whole tile is better.
+      fileTileSelectMode: FileTileSelectMode.checkButton,
+      // TODO: whole tile is better.
       theme: const FilesystemPickerTheme(
         backgroundColor: Colors.greenAccent,
       ),
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ class LoadService {
     try {
       ImportService.import(fileContent);
       logger.t('$_logTag File Content: $fileContent');
-      final String tagPairs = ImportService.getTagPairs(fileContent);
+      final String tagPairs = getTagPairs(fileContent);
 
       if (tagPairs.isNotEmpty) {
         rootScaffoldMessengerKey.currentState!
diff --git a/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/shared/utils/helpers/string_helpers/string_helper.dart b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/shared/utils/helpers/string_helpers/string_helper.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..33dbc0900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ui/flutter_app/lib/shared/utils/helpers/string_helpers/string_helper.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025 The Sanmill developers (see AUTHORS file)
+
+// string_helper.dart
+
+String removeBracketedContent(String input) {
+  // Define regex patterns for each type of bracket
+  final RegExp parentheses = RegExp(r'\([^()]*\)');
+  final RegExp squareBrackets = RegExp(r'\[[^\[\]]*\]');
+  final RegExp curlyBraces = RegExp(r'\{[^{}]*\}');
+
+  String result = input;
+
+  // Remove content inside parentheses
+  result = result.replaceAll(parentheses, '');
+
+  // Remove content inside square brackets
+  result = result.replaceAll(squareBrackets, '');
+
+  // Remove content inside curly braces
+  result = result.replaceAll(curlyBraces, '');
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+/// Applies the transformations you listed to the given text.
+String transformOutside(String text, Map<String, String> replacements) {
+  String result = text.toLowerCase();
+  replacements.forEach((String pattern, String replacement) {
+    result = result.replaceAll(pattern, replacement);
+  });
+  return result;
+}
+
+/// Returns a new string in which the parts **outside** any brackets are
+/// transformed using the provided replacements. The text
+/// **inside** brackets (including nested) remains unchanged.
+String processOutsideBrackets(String input, Map<String, String> replacements) {
+  // A stack to track opening brackets and handle nesting
+  final List<String> bracketStack = <String>[];
+
+  // Buffers to accumulate text
+  final StringBuffer finalOutput = StringBuffer();
+  final StringBuffer outsideBuffer = StringBuffer();
+  final StringBuffer insideBuffer = StringBuffer();
+
+  // Helper to flush the outside buffer with transformations
+  void flushOutsideBuffer() {
+    if (outsideBuffer.isEmpty) {
+      return;
+    }
+    // Apply transformations
+    final String transformed =
+        transformOutside(outsideBuffer.toString(), replacements);
+    finalOutput.write(transformed);
+    outsideBuffer.clear();
+  }
+
+  // Helper to flush the inside buffer without transformations
+  void flushInsideBuffer() {
+    if (insideBuffer.isEmpty) {
+      return;
+    }
+    finalOutput.write(insideBuffer.toString());
+    insideBuffer.clear();
+  }
+
+  // A map for matching brackets
+  final Map<String, String> matchingBrackets = <String, String>{
+    ']': '[',
+    '}': '{',
+    ')': '(',
+  };
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
+    final String c = input[i];
+
+    // Check if this character is an opening bracket
+    if (c == '[' || c == '{' || c == '(') {
+      // If we were outside, flush the outside text first
+      if (bracketStack.isEmpty) {
+        flushOutsideBuffer();
+      }
+
+      // Now we are switching to inside bracket
+      bracketStack.add(c);
+      // Write the bracket character itself to the inside buffer
+      insideBuffer.write(c);
+    }
+    // Check if this character is a closing bracket
+    else if (c == ']' || c == '}' || c == ')') {
+      if (bracketStack.isNotEmpty && bracketStack.last == matchingBrackets[c]) {
+        // We are inside brackets, so write to insideBuffer
+        insideBuffer.write(c);
+        bracketStack.removeLast();
+
+        // If we've just closed the last bracket, we move back to "outside"
+        if (bracketStack.isEmpty) {
+          flushInsideBuffer();
+        }
+      } else {
+        // If mismatched or unexpected bracket, handle as normal char (or decide on error)
+        // Here we just treat it as text (outside or inside).
+        if (bracketStack.isEmpty) {
+          outsideBuffer.write(c);
+        } else {
+          insideBuffer.write(c);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Normal character (not a bracket)
+      if (bracketStack.isEmpty) {
+        // We are outside any bracket
+        outsideBuffer.write(c);
+      } else {
+        // We are inside bracket(s)
+        insideBuffer.write(c);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If we end and there's still stuff outside
+  if (outsideBuffer.isNotEmpty) {
+    flushOutsideBuffer();
+  }
+
+  // If there's any remaining inside text (unclosed bracket),
+  // we’ll just flush it as-is:
+  if (insideBuffer.isNotEmpty) {
+    flushInsideBuffer();
+  }
+
+  return finalOutput.toString();
+}