From a916788ab460f0fad4865235a697ff82d6747e57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ulrich Weigand <ulrich.weigand@de.ibm.com>
Date: Tue, 16 Aug 2022 21:39:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Fix mis-aligned access issues with s390x (#4702)

This fixes two problems: minimum symbol alignment for the LARL
instruction, and alignment requirements for LRL/LGRL etc.

The first problem is that the LARL instruction used to load a
symbol address (PC relative) requires that the target symbol
is at least 2-byte aligned.  This is always guaranteed for code
symbols (all instructions must be 2-aligned anyway), but not
necessarily for data symbols.

Other s390x compilers fix this problem by ensuring that all
global symbols are always emitted with a minimum 2-byte
alignment.  This patch introduces an equivalent mechanism
for cranelift:
- Add a symbol_alignment routine to TargetIsa, similar to the
  existing code_section_alignment routine.
- Respect symbol_alignment as minimum alignment for all symbols
  emitted in the object backend (code and data).

The second problem is that PC-relative instructions that
directly *access* data (like LRL/LGRL, STRL/STGRL etc.)
not only have the 2-byte requirement like LARL, but actually
require that their memory operand is *naturally* aligned
(i.e. alignment is at least the size of the access).

This property (natural alignment for memory accesses) is
supposed to be provided by the "aligned" flag in MemFlags;
however, this is not implemented correctly at the moment.

To fix this, this patch:
- Only emits PC-relative memory access instructions if the
  "aligned" flag is set in the associated MemFlags.
- Fixes a bug in emit_small_memory_copy and emit_small_memset
  which currently set the aligned flag unconditionally, ignoring
  the actual alignment info passed by their caller.

Tested with wasmtime and cg_clif.
---
 cranelift/codegen/src/isa/mod.rs              |   9 +
 cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/emit.rs  |  88 +++++--
 cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/mod.rs   | 226 ++++++++++++++----
 .../isa/s390x/atomic_load-little.clif         |   6 +-
 .../filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load.clif      |   6 +-
 .../isa/s390x/atomic_store-little.clif        |   6 +-
 .../filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store.clif     |   6 +-
 .../filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/icmp.clif   |  24 +-
 .../filetests/isa/s390x/load-little.clif      |  18 +-
 .../filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load.clif   |  18 +-
 .../filetests/isa/s390x/store-little.clif     |  12 +-
 .../filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store.clif  |  12 +-
 cranelift/frontend/src/frontend.rs            |   8 +-
 cranelift/object/src/backend.rs               |  16 +-
 14 files changed, 323 insertions(+), 132 deletions(-)

diff --git a/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/mod.rs b/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/mod.rs
index f3eb30a7cc01..b9496a14a414 100644
--- a/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/mod.rs
+++ b/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/mod.rs
@@ -312,6 +312,15 @@ impl<'a> dyn TargetIsa + 'a {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Returns the minimum symbol alignment for this ISA.
+    pub fn symbol_alignment(&self) -> u64 {
+        match self.triple().architecture {
+            // All symbols need to be aligned to at least 2 on s390x.
+            Architecture::S390x => 2,
+            _ => 1,
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Get the pointer type of this ISA.
     pub fn pointer_type(&self) -> ir::Type {
         ir::Type::int(self.pointer_bits() as u16).unwrap()
diff --git a/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/emit.rs b/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/emit.rs
index bbbfb1f318e2..2877610cf893 100644
--- a/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/emit.rs
+++ b/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/emit.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,20 @@ use crate::trace;
 use core::convert::TryFrom;
 use regalloc2::Allocation;
 
+/// Type(s) of memory instructions available for mem_finalize.
+pub struct MemInstType {
+    /// True if 12-bit unsigned displacement is supported.
+    pub have_d12: bool,
+    /// True if 20-bit signed displacement is supported.
+    pub have_d20: bool,
+    /// True if PC-relative addressing is supported (memory access).
+    pub have_pcrel: bool,
+    /// True if PC-relative addressing is supported (load address).
+    pub have_unaligned_pcrel: bool,
+    /// True if an index register is supported.
+    pub have_index: bool,
+}
+
 /// Memory addressing mode finalization: convert "special" modes (e.g.,
 /// generic arbitrary stack offset) into real addressing modes, possibly by
 /// emitting some helper instructions that come immediately before the use
@@ -18,10 +32,7 @@ use regalloc2::Allocation;
 pub fn mem_finalize(
     mem: &MemArg,
     state: &EmitState,
-    have_d12: bool,
-    have_d20: bool,
-    have_pcrel: bool,
-    have_index: bool,
+    mi: MemInstType,
 ) -> (SmallVec<[Inst; 4]>, MemArg) {
     let mut insts = SmallVec::new();
 
@@ -70,9 +81,10 @@ pub fn mem_finalize(
 
     // If this addressing mode cannot be handled by the instruction, use load-address.
     let need_load_address = match &mem {
-        &MemArg::Label { .. } | &MemArg::Symbol { .. } if !have_pcrel => true,
-        &MemArg::BXD20 { .. } if !have_d20 => true,
-        &MemArg::BXD12 { index, .. } | &MemArg::BXD20 { index, .. } if !have_index => {
+        &MemArg::Label { .. } | &MemArg::Symbol { .. } if !mi.have_pcrel => true,
+        &MemArg::Symbol { flags, .. } if !mi.have_unaligned_pcrel && !flags.aligned() => true,
+        &MemArg::BXD20 { .. } if !mi.have_d20 => true,
+        &MemArg::BXD12 { index, .. } | &MemArg::BXD20 { index, .. } if !mi.have_index => {
             index != zero_reg()
         }
         _ => false,
@@ -93,8 +105,8 @@ pub fn mem_finalize(
             index,
             disp,
             flags,
-        } if !have_d12 => {
-            assert!(have_d20);
+        } if !mi.have_d12 => {
+            assert!(mi.have_d20);
             MemArg::BXD20 {
                 base,
                 index,
@@ -122,10 +134,13 @@ pub fn mem_emit(
     let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(
         mem,
         state,
-        opcode_rx.is_some(),
-        opcode_rxy.is_some(),
-        opcode_ril.is_some(),
-        true,
+        MemInstType {
+            have_d12: opcode_rx.is_some(),
+            have_d20: opcode_rxy.is_some(),
+            have_pcrel: opcode_ril.is_some(),
+            have_unaligned_pcrel: opcode_ril.is_some() && !add_trap,
+            have_index: true,
+        },
     );
     for inst in mem_insts.into_iter() {
         inst.emit(&[], sink, emit_info, state);
@@ -190,10 +205,13 @@ pub fn mem_rs_emit(
     let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(
         mem,
         state,
-        opcode_rs.is_some(),
-        opcode_rsy.is_some(),
-        false,
-        false,
+        MemInstType {
+            have_d12: opcode_rs.is_some(),
+            have_d20: opcode_rsy.is_some(),
+            have_pcrel: false,
+            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+            have_index: false,
+        },
     );
     for inst in mem_insts.into_iter() {
         inst.emit(&[], sink, emit_info, state);
@@ -236,7 +254,17 @@ pub fn mem_imm8_emit(
     emit_info: &EmitInfo,
     state: &mut EmitState,
 ) {
-    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(mem, state, true, true, false, false);
+    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(
+        mem,
+        state,
+        MemInstType {
+            have_d12: true,
+            have_d20: true,
+            have_pcrel: false,
+            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+            have_index: false,
+        },
+    );
     for inst in mem_insts.into_iter() {
         inst.emit(&[], sink, emit_info, state);
     }
@@ -274,7 +302,17 @@ pub fn mem_imm16_emit(
     emit_info: &EmitInfo,
     state: &mut EmitState,
 ) {
-    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(mem, state, true, false, false, false);
+    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(
+        mem,
+        state,
+        MemInstType {
+            have_d12: true,
+            have_d20: false,
+            have_pcrel: false,
+            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+            have_index: false,
+        },
+    );
     for inst in mem_insts.into_iter() {
         inst.emit(&[], sink, emit_info, state);
     }
@@ -336,7 +374,17 @@ pub fn mem_vrx_emit(
     emit_info: &EmitInfo,
     state: &mut EmitState,
 ) {
-    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(mem, state, true, false, false, true);
+    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(
+        mem,
+        state,
+        MemInstType {
+            have_d12: true,
+            have_d20: false,
+            have_pcrel: false,
+            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+            have_index: true,
+        },
+    );
     for inst in mem_insts.into_iter() {
         inst.emit(&[], sink, emit_info, state);
     }
diff --git a/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/mod.rs b/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/mod.rs
index c557cfe2021a..36667baf52ad 100644
--- a/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/mod.rs
+++ b/cranelift/codegen/src/isa/s390x/inst/mod.rs
@@ -1170,15 +1170,8 @@ impl MachInst for Inst {
 //=============================================================================
 // Pretty-printing of instructions.
 
-fn mem_finalize_for_show(
-    mem: &MemArg,
-    state: &EmitState,
-    have_d12: bool,
-    have_d20: bool,
-    have_pcrel: bool,
-    have_index: bool,
-) -> (String, MemArg) {
-    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(mem, state, have_d12, have_d20, have_pcrel, have_index);
+fn mem_finalize_for_show(mem: &MemArg, state: &EmitState, mi: MemInstType) -> (String, MemArg) {
+    let (mem_insts, mem) = mem_finalize(mem, state, mi);
     let mut mem_str = mem_insts
         .into_iter()
         .map(|inst| {
@@ -1342,10 +1335,13 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
                     &mem,
                     state,
-                    opcode_rx.is_some(),
-                    opcode_rxy.is_some(),
-                    false,
-                    true,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: opcode_rx.is_some(),
+                        have_d20: opcode_rxy.is_some(),
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
                 );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rx,
@@ -1602,10 +1598,13 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
                     &mem,
                     state,
-                    opcode_rx.is_some(),
-                    opcode_rxy.is_some(),
-                    opcode_ril.is_some(),
-                    true,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: opcode_rx.is_some(),
+                        have_d20: opcode_rxy.is_some(),
+                        have_pcrel: opcode_ril.is_some(),
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
                 );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rx,
@@ -1706,7 +1705,17 @@ impl Inst {
                 let rd = pretty_print_reg(rd.to_reg(), allocs);
                 let rn = pretty_print_reg(rn, allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, false, true, false, false);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: false,
+                        have_d20: true,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: false,
+                    },
+                );
                 let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                 format!("{}{} {}, {}, {}", mem_str, op, rd, rn, mem)
             }
@@ -1723,10 +1732,13 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
                     &mem,
                     state,
-                    opcode_rs.is_some(),
-                    opcode_rsy.is_some(),
-                    false,
-                    false,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: opcode_rs.is_some(),
+                        have_d20: opcode_rsy.is_some(),
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: false,
+                    },
                 );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rs,
@@ -1777,10 +1789,13 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
                     &mem,
                     state,
-                    opcode_rx.is_some(),
-                    opcode_rxy.is_some(),
-                    opcode_ril.is_some(),
-                    true,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: opcode_rx.is_some(),
+                        have_d20: opcode_rxy.is_some(),
+                        have_pcrel: opcode_ril.is_some(),
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
                 );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rx,
@@ -1814,10 +1829,13 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
                     &mem,
                     state,
-                    opcode_rx.is_some(),
-                    opcode_rxy.is_some(),
-                    opcode_ril.is_some(),
-                    true,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: opcode_rx.is_some(),
+                        have_d20: opcode_rxy.is_some(),
+                        have_pcrel: opcode_ril.is_some(),
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
                 );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rx,
@@ -1831,7 +1849,17 @@ impl Inst {
             }
             &Inst::StoreImm8 { imm, ref mem } => {
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, true, false, false);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: true,
+                        have_d20: true,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: false,
+                    },
+                );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => "mvi",
                     &MemArg::BXD20 { .. } => "mviy",
@@ -1845,7 +1873,17 @@ impl Inst {
             | &Inst::StoreImm32SExt16 { imm, ref mem }
             | &Inst::StoreImm64SExt16 { imm, ref mem } => {
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, false, true, false, false);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: false,
+                        have_d20: true,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: false,
+                    },
+                );
                 let op = match self {
                     &Inst::StoreImm16 { .. } => "mvhhi",
                     &Inst::StoreImm32SExt16 { .. } => "mvhi",
@@ -1874,7 +1912,17 @@ impl Inst {
             }
             &Inst::LoadMultiple64 { rt, rt2, ref mem } => {
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, false, true, false, false);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: false,
+                        have_d20: true,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: false,
+                    },
+                );
                 let rt = pretty_print_reg(rt.to_reg(), &mut empty_allocs);
                 let rt2 = pretty_print_reg(rt2.to_reg(), &mut empty_allocs);
                 let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
@@ -1882,7 +1930,17 @@ impl Inst {
             }
             &Inst::StoreMultiple64 { rt, rt2, ref mem } => {
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, false, true, false, false);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: false,
+                        have_d20: true,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: false,
+                    },
+                );
                 let rt = pretty_print_reg(rt, &mut empty_allocs);
                 let rt2 = pretty_print_reg(rt2, &mut empty_allocs);
                 let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
@@ -2561,7 +2619,17 @@ impl Inst {
 
                 let rd = pretty_print_reg(rd.to_reg(), allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, false, false, true);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: true,
+                        have_d20: false,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
+                );
                 let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                 format!("{}{} {}, {}", mem_str, opcode, rd, mem)
             }
@@ -2587,7 +2655,17 @@ impl Inst {
 
                 let rd = pretty_print_reg(rd, allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, false, false, true);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: true,
+                        have_d20: false,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
+                );
                 let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                 format!("{}{} {}, {}", mem_str, opcode, rd, mem)
             }
@@ -2606,7 +2684,17 @@ impl Inst {
 
                 let rd = pretty_print_reg(rd.to_reg(), allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, false, false, true);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: true,
+                        have_d20: false,
+                        have_pcrel: false,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
+                );
                 let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                 format!("{}{} {}, {}", mem_str, opcode, rd, mem)
             }
@@ -2734,8 +2822,17 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (rd, rd_fpr) = pretty_print_fpr(rd.to_reg(), allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
                 if lane_imm == 0 && rd_fpr.is_some() && opcode_rx.is_some() {
-                    let (mem_str, mem) =
-                        mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, true, false, true);
+                    let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                        &mem,
+                        state,
+                        MemInstType {
+                            have_d12: true,
+                            have_d20: true,
+                            have_pcrel: false,
+                            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                            have_index: true,
+                        },
+                    );
                     let op = match &mem {
                         &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rx,
                         &MemArg::BXD20 { .. } => opcode_rxy,
@@ -2744,8 +2841,17 @@ impl Inst {
                     let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                     format!("{}{} {}, {}", mem_str, op.unwrap(), rd_fpr.unwrap(), mem)
                 } else {
-                    let (mem_str, mem) =
-                        mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, false, false, true);
+                    let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                        &mem,
+                        state,
+                        MemInstType {
+                            have_d12: true,
+                            have_d20: false,
+                            have_pcrel: false,
+                            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                            have_index: true,
+                        },
+                    );
                     let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                     format!("{}{} {}, {}, {}", mem_str, opcode_vrx, rd, mem, lane_imm)
                 }
@@ -2776,8 +2882,17 @@ impl Inst {
                 let (rd, rd_fpr) = pretty_print_fpr(rd, allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
                 if lane_imm == 0 && rd_fpr.is_some() && opcode_rx.is_some() {
-                    let (mem_str, mem) =
-                        mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, true, false, true);
+                    let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                        &mem,
+                        state,
+                        MemInstType {
+                            have_d12: true,
+                            have_d20: true,
+                            have_pcrel: false,
+                            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                            have_index: true,
+                        },
+                    );
                     let op = match &mem {
                         &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => opcode_rx,
                         &MemArg::BXD20 { .. } => opcode_rxy,
@@ -2786,8 +2901,17 @@ impl Inst {
                     let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                     format!("{}{} {}, {}", mem_str, op.unwrap(), rd_fpr.unwrap(), mem)
                 } else {
-                    let (mem_str, mem) =
-                        mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, false, false, true);
+                    let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                        &mem,
+                        state,
+                        MemInstType {
+                            have_d12: true,
+                            have_d20: false,
+                            have_pcrel: false,
+                            have_unaligned_pcrel: false,
+                            have_index: true,
+                        },
+                    );
                     let mem = mem.pretty_print_default();
                     format!("{}{} {}, {}, {}", mem_str, opcode_vrx, rd, mem, lane_imm,)
                 }
@@ -3017,7 +3141,17 @@ impl Inst {
             &Inst::LoadAddr { rd, ref mem } => {
                 let rd = pretty_print_reg(rd.to_reg(), allocs);
                 let mem = mem.with_allocs(allocs);
-                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(&mem, state, true, true, true, true);
+                let (mem_str, mem) = mem_finalize_for_show(
+                    &mem,
+                    state,
+                    MemInstType {
+                        have_d12: true,
+                        have_d20: true,
+                        have_pcrel: true,
+                        have_unaligned_pcrel: true,
+                        have_index: true,
+                    },
+                );
                 let op = match &mem {
                     &MemArg::BXD12 { .. } => "la",
                     &MemArg::BXD20 { .. } => "lay",
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load-little.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load-little.clif
index fa493bcdd0e6..539fee2c536f 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load-little.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load-little.clif
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function %atomic_load_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = atomic_load.i64 little v0
+  v1 = atomic_load.i64 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ function %atomic_load_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = atomic_load.i32 little v0
+  v1 = atomic_load.i32 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ function %atomic_load_i16_sym() -> i16 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = atomic_load.i16 little v0
+  v1 = atomic_load.i16 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load.clif
index 673577633bb7..dfec456e9816 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_load.clif
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function %atomic_load_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = atomic_load.i64 v0
+  v1 = atomic_load.i64 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ function %atomic_load_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = atomic_load.i32 v0
+  v1 = atomic_load.i32 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ function %atomic_load_i16_sym() -> i16 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = atomic_load.i16 v0
+  v1 = atomic_load.i16 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store-little.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store-little.clif
index 1f83d1e81ec6..8e9fd78c9a6a 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store-little.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store-little.clif
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ function %atomic_store_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  atomic_store.i64 little v0, v1
+  atomic_store.i64 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ function %atomic_store_i32_sym(i32) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  atomic_store.i32 little v0, v1
+  atomic_store.i32 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ function %atomic_store_i16_sym(i16) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i16):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  atomic_store.i16 little v0, v1
+  atomic_store.i16 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store.clif
index f536779be3e1..9c2944745c2b 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/atomic_store.clif
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ function %atomic_store_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  atomic_store.i64 v0, v1
+  atomic_store.i64 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ function %atomic_store_i32_sym(i32) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  atomic_store.i32 v0, v1
+  atomic_store.i32 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ function %atomic_store_i16_sym(i16) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i16):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  atomic_store.i16 v0, v1
+  atomic_store.i16 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/icmp.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/icmp.clif
index 6d1c2b0ce178..66572b233a52 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/icmp.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/icmp.clif
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ function %icmp_slt_i64_sym(i64) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = load.i64 v1
+  v2 = load.i64 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i64 slt v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ function %icmp_slt_i64_sym_ext16(i64) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = sload16.i64 v1
+  v2 = sload16.i64 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i64 slt v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ function %icmp_slt_i64_sym_ext32(i64) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = sload32.i64 v1
+  v2 = sload32.i64 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i64 slt v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ function %icmp_slt_i32_sym(i32) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = load.i32 v1
+  v2 = load.i32 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i32 slt v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ function %icmp_slt_i32_sym_ext16(i32) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = sload16.i32 v1
+  v2 = sload16.i32 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i32 slt v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ function %icmp_slt_i16_sym(i16) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i16):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = load.i16 v1
+  v2 = load.i16 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i16 slt v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ function %icmp_ult_i64_sym(i64) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = load.i64 v1
+  v2 = load.i64 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i64 ult v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ function %icmp_ult_i64_sym_ext32(i64) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = uload32.i64 v1
+  v2 = uload32.i64 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i64 ult v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ function %icmp_ult_i64_sym_ext16(i64) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = uload16.i64 v1
+  v2 = uload16.i64 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i64 ult v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ function %icmp_ult_i32_sym(i32) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = load.i32 v1
+  v2 = load.i32 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i32 ult v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ function %icmp_ult_i32_sym_ext16(i32) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = uload16.i32 v1
+  v2 = uload16.i32 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i32 ult v0, v2
   return v3
 }
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ function %icmp_ult_i16_mem(i16) -> b1 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i16):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v2 = load.i16 v1
+  v2 = load.i16 aligned v1
   v3 = icmp.i16 ult v0, v2
   return v3
 }
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load-little.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load-little.clif
index 876e929f773f..329f87cd3066 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load-little.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load-little.clif
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function %load_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = load.i64 little v0
+  v1 = load.i64 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ function %uload16_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = uload16.i64 little v0
+  v1 = uload16.i64 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ function %sload16_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = sload16.i64 little v0
+  v1 = sload16.i64 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ function %uload32_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = uload32.i64 little v0
+  v1 = uload32.i64 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ function %sload32_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = sload32.i64 little v0
+  v1 = sload32.i64 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ function %load_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = load.i32 little v0
+  v1 = load.i32 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ function %uload16_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = uload16.i32 little v0
+  v1 = uload16.i32 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ function %sload16_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = sload16.i32 little v0
+  v1 = sload16.i32 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ function %load_i16_sym() -> i16 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = load.i16 little v0
+  v1 = load.i16 aligned little v0
   return v1
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load.clif
index 1d0a4a10c738..8e53baae36af 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/load.clif
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function %load_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = load.i64 v0
+  v1 = load.i64 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ function %uload16_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = uload16.i64 v0
+  v1 = uload16.i64 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ function %sload16_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = sload16.i64 v0
+  v1 = sload16.i64 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ function %uload32_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = uload32.i64 v0
+  v1 = uload32.i64 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ function %sload32_i64_sym() -> i64 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = sload32.i64 v0
+  v1 = sload32.i64 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ function %load_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = load.i32 v0
+  v1 = load.i32 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ function %uload16_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = uload16.i32 v0
+  v1 = uload16.i32 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ function %sload16_i32_sym() -> i32 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = sload16.i32 v0
+  v1 = sload16.i32 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ function %load_i16_sym() -> i16 {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0:
   v0 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  v1 = load.i16 v0
+  v1 = load.i16 aligned v0
   return v1
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store-little.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store-little.clif
index 79b172ff7261..1ceebec3d263 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store-little.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store-little.clif
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function %store_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  store.i64 little v0, v1
+  store.i64 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ function %istore16_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  istore16.i64 little v0, v1
+  istore16.i64 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ function %istore32_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  istore32.i64 little v0, v1
+  istore32.i64 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ function %store_i32_sym(i32) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  store.i32 little v0, v1
+  store.i32 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ function %istore16_i32_sym(i32) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  istore16.i32 little v0, v1
+  istore16.i32 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ function %store_i16_sym(i16) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i16):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  store.i16 little v0, v1
+  store.i16 aligned little v0, v1
   return
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store.clif b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store.clif
index b0cea254e4a7..15c09b76b748 100644
--- a/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store.clif
+++ b/cranelift/filetests/filetests/isa/s390x/store.clif
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function %store_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  store.i64 v0, v1
+  store.i64 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ function %istore16_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  istore16.i64 v0, v1
+  istore16.i64 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ function %istore32_i64_sym(i64) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i64):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  istore32.i64 v0, v1
+  istore32.i64 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ function %store_i32_sym(i32) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  store.i32 v0, v1
+  store.i32 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ function %istore16_i32_sym(i32) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i32):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  istore16.i32 v0, v1
+  istore16.i32 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ function %store_i16_sym(i16) {
   gv0 = symbol colocated %sym
 block0(v0: i16):
   v1 = symbol_value.i64 gv0
-  store.i16 v0, v1
+  store.i16 aligned v0, v1
   return
 }
 
diff --git a/cranelift/frontend/src/frontend.rs b/cranelift/frontend/src/frontend.rs
index 7a20d5c6e5e9..af2240ff6e69 100644
--- a/cranelift/frontend/src/frontend.rs
+++ b/cranelift/frontend/src/frontend.rs
@@ -816,7 +816,9 @@ impl<'a> FunctionBuilder<'a> {
             return;
         }
 
-        flags.set_aligned();
+        if u64::from(src_align) >= access_size && u64::from(dest_align) >= access_size {
+            flags.set_aligned();
+        }
 
         // Load all of the memory first. This is necessary in case `dest` overlaps.
         // It can also improve performance a bit.
@@ -903,7 +905,9 @@ impl<'a> FunctionBuilder<'a> {
             let size = self.ins().iconst(config.pointer_type(), size as i64);
             self.call_memset(config, buffer, ch, size);
         } else {
-            flags.set_aligned();
+            if u64::from(buffer_align) >= access_size {
+                flags.set_aligned();
+            }
 
             let ch = u64::from(ch);
             let raw_value = if int_type == types::I64 {
diff --git a/cranelift/object/src/backend.rs b/cranelift/object/src/backend.rs
index 6f7a4e0af140..845b279986d6 100644
--- a/cranelift/object/src/backend.rs
+++ b/cranelift/object/src/backend.rs
@@ -348,22 +348,18 @@ impl Module for ObjectModule {
         }
         *defined = true;
 
+        let align = std::cmp::max(self.function_alignment, self.isa.symbol_alignment());
         let (section, offset) = if self.per_function_section {
             let symbol_name = self.object.symbol(symbol).name.clone();
-            let (section, offset) = self.object.add_subsection(
-                StandardSection::Text,
-                &symbol_name,
-                bytes,
-                self.function_alignment,
-            );
+            let (section, offset) =
+                self.object
+                    .add_subsection(StandardSection::Text, &symbol_name, bytes, align);
             self.object.symbol_mut(symbol).section = SymbolSection::Section(section);
             self.object.symbol_mut(symbol).value = offset;
             (section, offset)
         } else {
             let section = self.object.section_id(StandardSection::Text);
-            let offset =
-                self.object
-                    .add_symbol_data(symbol, section, bytes, self.function_alignment);
+            let offset = self.object.add_symbol_data(symbol, section, bytes, align);
             (section, offset)
         };
 
@@ -452,7 +448,7 @@ impl Module for ObjectModule {
             )
         };
 
-        let align = align.unwrap_or(1);
+        let align = std::cmp::max(align.unwrap_or(1), self.isa.symbol_alignment());
         let offset = match *init {
             Init::Uninitialized => {
                 panic!("data is not initialized yet");