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<meta name='author' content='Shwe Zan Aung, C.A.F. Rhys Davids'>
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<article id='kv18.6' lang='en'>
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<li class='division'>Points of Controversy</li>
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<h1>18.6 Of the Transition from One <i>Jhāna</i> to Another</h1>
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<p><span class='add'>Controverted Point</span>: That we pass from one <i>Jhāna</i> to another <span class='add'>immediately.</span></p>
<p><span class='add'>Theravādin:</span> <a class='pc' id='pc329' href='#pc328'></a><a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.1' href='#pts-cs18.6.1'>PTS cs 18.6.1</a>Does this imply that one can pass over from First to Third, from Second to Fourth <i>Jhāna</i>? You deny <span class='add'>setting an arbitrary limit</span>… .</p>
<p><a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.2' href='#pts-cs18.6.2'>PTS cs 18.6.2</a>Or take only a passing over from First <i>Jhāna</i> attainment to that of Second—which you affirm to be possible—you are implying that the mental process—adverting, reflecting, co-ordinating, attending, willing, wishing, aiming—called up for First <i>Jhāna</i> is the same as that required for Second <i>Jhāna</i>. But you dissent. Do you mean that no <span class='add'>preliminary</span> mental process of adverting, etc., is required for Second <i>Jhāna</i>? On the contrary, you agree that Second <i>Jhāna</i> arises after a certain mental process—adverting, etc. Therefore one does <span class='add'>not</span> pass over directly from First <i>Jhāna</i> to the next.</p>
<p><a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.3' href='#pts-cs18.6.3'>PTS cs 18.6.3</a><span class='add'>Again, take the objects and characteristics of First <i>Jhāna</i>.</span> The First Stage, you admit, may come to pass while one is considering the harmfulness of sense-desires; moreover, it is accompanied by application and sustentation of thought. But neither that object nor these characteristics, you must admit, belong to the Second Stage. Yet your proposition really commits you to asserting identity between First and Second <i>Jhāna</i>.</p>
<p><a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.4' href='#pts-cs18.6.4'>PTS cs 18.6.4</a>The same argument applies to transition from Second to Third <i>Jhāna</i>. <a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.5' href='#pts-cs18.6.5'>PTS cs 18.6.5</a> <span class='add'>Again, take the specific objects and characteristics of the Second Stage:</span> the Second Stage, you admit, may come to pass while one is considering the harmfulness of application and sustentation of thought; moreover, it is accompanied by zest. But neither that object nor these characteristics, you must admit, belong to the Third Stage. Yet your proposition really commits you to an assertion of identity between Second and Third <i>Jhāna</i>.</p>
<p><a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.6' href='#pts-cs18.6.6'>PTS cs 18.6.6</a>The same argument applies to transition from Third to Fourth <i>Jhāna</i>.</p>
<p><a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.7' href='#pts-cs18.6.7'>PTS cs 18.6.7</a><span class='add'>Again, take the specific objects and characteristics of the Third Stage:</span> the Third Stage, you admit, may come to pass while one is considering the harmfulness of zest; moreover, it is accompanied by happiness. But neither that object nor these characteristics, you must admit, belong to the Fourth Stage. Yet your proposition really commits you to an assertion of identity between Third and Fourth <i>Jhāna</i>.</p>
<p><span class='add'>Mahiṁsāsaka, Andhaka:</span> <a class='ref pts-cs' id='pts-cs18.6.8' href='#pts-cs18.6.8'>PTS cs 18.6.8</a>But was it not said by the Exalted One:</p>
<p>“Here, bkikkhus, when a <i>bhikkhu</i>, aloof from sense-desires, etc.… attains to and abides in First … Fourth <i>Jhāna</i>”?</p>
<p>According to that <span class='add'>formula</span> one does pass over immediately from <i>Jhāna</i> to <i>Jhāna</i>.</p>
<footer>
<p><cite class='book' translate='no'>The Points of Controversy</cite>, an English translation of the Pali Abhidhamma Kathāvatthu. Translated by <span class='author'>Shwe Zan Aung</span> and <span class='author'>C.A.F. Rhys Davids</span>. First published by Pali Text Society, <span class='publication-date'>1915</span>.</p>
<p>This SuttaCentral edition was prepared by <span class='editor'>Manfred Wierich</span> and <span class='editor'>Ven. Vimala</span> and proofread by <span class='editor'>Josephine Tobin</span>. Some changes were introduced:</p>
<ul>
<li>Abbreviations, i.e., those of cited works and the participants in the controversies, were expanded.</li>
<li>Cross-references were linked.</li>
<li>Some typographic changes were introduced, among others, i.e.: the phonetic symbol “ŋ” was changed to the Pāli diacritical letter “ṃ”, “ô” to “o”, single quotes to double quotes, and “:—” to “:”.</li>
<li>Letter-spacing with fixed spaces was replaced with bold font.</li>
<li>The corrigenda were merged into the text. Some could not be resolved, though.</li>
</ul>
<p>This electronic version is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 3.0 licence (CC BY-NC 3.0) as found here: <a href='http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/'>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</a></p>
<p>All copyright is owned by the Pali Text Society. See also the statement under http://www.palitext.com/ → Publications → Copyright Announcement. For non-commercial use only.</p>
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