diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/README.md b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/README.md
index 058198d0c897e..a0ea3b8432341 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/README.md
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/README.md
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ const fileSystem = new efs.FileSystem(this, 'MyEfsFileSystem', {
 });
 ```
 
+⚠️ An Amazon EFS file system's performance mode can't be MAX_IO when its throughputMode is ELASTIC.
+
 ⚠️ An Amazon EFS file system's performance mode can't be changed after the file system has been created.
 Updating this property will replace the file system.
 
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/lib/efs-file-system.ts b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/lib/efs-file-system.ts
index b6f512ed071e6..57b7e295068f0 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/lib/efs-file-system.ts
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/lib/efs-file-system.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ import { CfnFileSystem, CfnMountTarget } from './efs.generated';
  * @see http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/aws-resource-efs-filesystem.html#cfn-elasticfilesystem-filesystem-lifecyclepolicies
  */
 export enum LifecyclePolicy {
+
+  /**
+   * After 1 day of not being accessed.
+   */
+  AFTER_1_DAY = 'AFTER_1_DAY',
+
   /**
    * After 7 days of not being accessed.
    */
@@ -82,14 +88,19 @@ export enum PerformanceMode {
  */
 export enum ThroughputMode {
   /**
-   * This mode on Amazon EFS scales as the size of the file system in the standard storage class grows.
+   * This mode scales as the size of the file system in the standard storage class grows.
    */
   BURSTING = 'bursting',
 
   /**
    * This mode can instantly provision the throughput of the file system (in MiB/s) independent of the amount of data stored.
    */
-  PROVISIONED = 'provisioned'
+  PROVISIONED = 'provisioned',
+
+  /**
+  * This mode scales the throughput automatically regardless of file system size.
+  */
+  ELASTIC = 'elastic'
 }
 
 /**
@@ -333,6 +344,9 @@ export class FileSystem extends FileSystemBase {
       throw new Error('Property provisionedThroughputPerSecond is required when throughputMode is PROVISIONED');
     }
 
+    if (props.throughputMode === ThroughputMode.ELASTIC && props.performanceMode === PerformanceMode.MAX_IO) {
+      throw new Error('ThroughputMode ELASTIC is not supported for file systems with performanceMode MAX_IO');
+    }
     // we explictly use 'undefined' to represent 'false' to maintain backwards compatibility since
     // its considered an actual change in CloudFormations eyes, even though they have the same meaning.
     const encrypted = props.encrypted ?? (FeatureFlags.of(this).isEnabled(
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/test/efs-file-system.test.ts b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/test/efs-file-system.test.ts
index 39e172a479867..96715f688c968 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/test/efs-file-system.test.ts
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-efs/test/efs-file-system.test.ts
@@ -162,6 +162,29 @@ test('file system is created correctly with bursting throughput mode', () => {
   });
 });
 
+test('file system is created correctly with elastic throughput mode', () => {
+  // WHEN
+  new FileSystem(stack, 'EfsFileSystem', {
+    vpc,
+    throughputMode: ThroughputMode.ELASTIC,
+    performanceMode: PerformanceMode.GENERAL_PURPOSE,
+  });
+  // THEN
+  Template.fromStack(stack).hasResourceProperties('AWS::EFS::FileSystem', {
+    ThroughputMode: 'elastic',
+  });
+});
+
+test('Exception when throughput mode is set to ELASTIC, performance mode cannot be MaxIO', () => {
+  expect(() => {
+    new FileSystem(stack, 'EfsFileSystem', {
+      vpc,
+      throughputMode: ThroughputMode.ELASTIC,
+      performanceMode: PerformanceMode.MAX_IO,
+    });
+  }).toThrowError(/ThroughputMode ELASTIC is not supported for file systems with performanceMode MAX_IO/);
+});
+
 test('Exception when throughput mode is set to PROVISIONED, but provisioned throughput is not set', () => {
   expect(() => {
     new FileSystem(stack, 'EfsFileSystem', {