diff --git a/.autod.conf.js b/.autod.conf.js
index 6c8dbde..60c7f8a 100644
--- a/.autod.conf.js
+++ b/.autod.conf.js
@@ -38,5 +38,6 @@ module.exports = {
     'eslint@6',
     'node-gyp@6',
     'mocha@7',
+    'yargs@15',
   ]
 };
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index a35829f..7a65d12 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/X-Profiler/xprofiler#readme",
   "dependencies": {
-    "moment": "^2.27.0",
+    "moment": "^2.28.0",
     "nan": "^2.14.1",
     "node-pre-gyp": "^0.15.0",
-    "uuid": "^8.2.0",
+    "uuid": "^8.3.0",
     "yargs": "^15.4.1"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
diff --git a/src/library/json.hpp b/src/library/json.hpp
index cc822a5..a70aaf8 100644
--- a/src/library/json.hpp
+++ b/src/library/json.hpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
     __ _____ _____ _____
  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.8.0
+|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.9.1
 |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 
 Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
@@ -31,11 +31,10 @@ SOFTWARE.
 #define INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
 
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR 3
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR 8
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH 0
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR 9
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH 1
 
 #include <algorithm> // all_of, find, for_each
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cstddef> // nullptr_t, ptrdiff_t, size_t
 #include <functional> // hash, less
 #include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
@@ -67,16 +66,6 @@ SOFTWARE.
 #include <utility> // pair, declval
 #include <valarray> // valarray
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
-
-// Header <ciso646> is removed in C++20.
-// See <https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2089> for more information.
-
-#if __cplusplus <= 201703L
-    #include <ciso646> // and, not, or
-#endif
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
 
 
@@ -2048,7 +2037,11 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
 #endif
 
 // C++ language standard detection
-#if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201703L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX17) && _HAS_CXX17 == 1) // fix for issue #464
+#if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 202002L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 202002L)
+    #define JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+    #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+    #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+#elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201703L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX17) && _HAS_CXX17 == 1) // fix for issue #464
     #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
     #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
 #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201402L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX14) && _HAS_CXX14 == 1)
@@ -2101,6 +2094,12 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
     #define JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH_USER
 #endif
 
+// allow to override assert
+#if !defined(JSON_ASSERT)
+    #include <cassert> // assert
+    #define JSON_ASSERT(x) assert(x)
+#endif
+
 /*!
 @brief macro to briefly define a mapping between an enum and JSON
 @def NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM
@@ -2149,6 +2148,170 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
     NumberIntegerType, NumberUnsignedType, NumberFloatType,                \
     AllocatorType, JSONSerializer, BinaryType>
 
+// Macros to simplify conversion from/to types
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND( x ) x
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_GET_MACRO(_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, _20, _21, _22, _23, _24, _25, _26, _27, _28, _29, _30, _31, _32, _33, _34, _35, _36, _37, _38, _39, _40, _41, _42, _43, _44, _45, _46, _47, _48, _49, _50, _51, _52, _53, _54, _55, _56, _57, _58, _59, _60, _61, _62, _63, _64, NAME,...) NAME
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(...) NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_GET_MACRO(__VA_ARGS__, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE64, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE60, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE59, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE58, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE57, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE56, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE55, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE54, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE53, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE52, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE51, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE50, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE49, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE48, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE47, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE46, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE45, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE44, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE43, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE42, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE41, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE40, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE39, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE38, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE37, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE36, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE35, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE34, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE33, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE32, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE31, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE30, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE29, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE28, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE27, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE26, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE25, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE24, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE23, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE22, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE21, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE20, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE19, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE18, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE17, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE16, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE15, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE14, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE13, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE12, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE11, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE10, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE9, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE8, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE7, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE6, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE5, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE4, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE3, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE1)(__VA_ARGS__))
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) func(v1)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v2)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE4(func, v1, v2, v3) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE3(func, v2, v3)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE5(func, v1, v2, v3, v4) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE4(func, v2, v3, v4)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE6(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE5(func, v2, v3, v4, v5)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE7(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE6(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE8(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE7(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE9(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE8(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE10(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE9(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE11(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE10(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE12(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE11(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE13(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE12(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE14(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE13(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE15(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE14(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE16(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE15(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE17(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE16(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE18(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE17(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE19(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE18(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE20(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE19(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE21(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE20(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE22(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE21(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE23(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE22(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE24(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE23(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE25(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE24(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE26(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE25(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE27(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE26(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE28(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE27(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE29(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE28(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE30(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE29(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE31(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE30(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE32(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE31(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE33(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE32(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE34(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE33(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE35(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE34(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE36(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE35(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE37(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE36(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE38(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE37(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE39(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE38(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE40(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE39(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE41(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE40(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE42(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE41(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE43(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE42(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE44(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE43(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE45(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE44(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE46(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE45(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE47(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE46(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE48(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE47(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE49(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE48(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE50(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE49(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE51(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE50(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE52(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE51(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE53(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE52(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE54(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE53(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE55(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE54(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE56(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE55(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE57(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE56(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE58(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE57(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE59(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE58(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE60(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE59(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE60(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE64(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62, v63) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62, v63)
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_TO(v1) nlohmann_json_j[#v1] = nlohmann_json_t.v1;
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM(v1) nlohmann_json_j.at(#v1).get_to(nlohmann_json_t.v1);
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.9.0
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE(Type, ...)  \
+    friend void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+    friend void from_json(const nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.9.0
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE(Type, ...)  \
+    inline void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
+    inline void from_json(const nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+
+#ifndef JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS
+    #define JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS 1
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS
+    #define JSON_EXPLICIT
+#else
+    #define JSON_EXPLICIT explicit
+#endif
+
 
 namespace nlohmann
 {
@@ -2240,6 +2403,7 @@ json.exception.parse_error.110 | parse error at 1: cannot read 2 bytes from vect
 json.exception.parse_error.112 | parse error at 1: error reading CBOR; last byte: 0xF8 | Not all types of CBOR or MessagePack are supported. This exception occurs if an unsupported byte was read.
 json.exception.parse_error.113 | parse error at 2: expected a CBOR string; last byte: 0x98 | While parsing a map key, a value that is not a string has been read.
 json.exception.parse_error.114 | parse error: Unsupported BSON record type 0x0F | The parsing of the corresponding BSON record type is not implemented (yet).
+json.exception.parse_error.115 | parse error at byte 5: syntax error while parsing UBJSON high-precision number: invalid number text: 1A | A UBJSON high-precision number could not be parsed.
 
 @note For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and n+1
       is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also
@@ -2428,7 +2592,7 @@ json.exception.out_of_range.403 | key 'foo' not found | The provided key was not
 json.exception.out_of_range.404 | unresolved reference token 'foo' | A reference token in a JSON Pointer could not be resolved.
 json.exception.out_of_range.405 | JSON pointer has no parent | The JSON Patch operations 'remove' and 'add' can not be applied to the root element of the JSON value.
 json.exception.out_of_range.406 | number overflow parsing '10E1000' | A parsed number could not be stored as without changing it to NaN or INF.
-json.exception.out_of_range.407 | number overflow serializing '9223372036854775808' | UBJSON and BSON only support integer numbers up to 9223372036854775807. |
+json.exception.out_of_range.407 | number overflow serializing '9223372036854775808' | UBJSON and BSON only support integer numbers up to 9223372036854775807. (until version 3.8.0) |
 json.exception.out_of_range.408 | excessive array size: 8658170730974374167 | The size (following `#`) of an UBJSON array or object exceeds the maximal capacity. |
 json.exception.out_of_range.409 | BSON key cannot contain code point U+0000 (at byte 2) | Key identifiers to be serialized to BSON cannot contain code point U+0000, since the key is stored as zero-terminated c-string |
 
@@ -2506,9 +2670,6 @@ class other_error : public exception
 #include <cstddef> // size_t
 #include <type_traits> // conditional, enable_if, false_type, integral_constant, is_constructible, is_integral, is_same, remove_cv, remove_reference, true_type
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
-
 namespace nlohmann
 {
 namespace detail
@@ -2574,8 +2735,6 @@ constexpr T static_const<T>::value;
 #include <type_traits> // false_type, is_constructible, is_integral, is_same, true_type
 #include <utility> // declval
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp>
 
 
@@ -2588,11 +2747,11 @@ namespace nlohmann
 {
 namespace detail
 {
-template <typename ...Ts> struct make_void
+template<typename ...Ts> struct make_void
 {
     using type = void;
 };
-template <typename ...Ts> using void_t = typename make_void<Ts...>::type;
+template<typename ...Ts> using void_t = typename make_void<Ts...>::type;
 } // namespace detail
 }  // namespace nlohmann
 
@@ -2603,10 +2762,10 @@ namespace nlohmann
 {
 namespace detail
 {
-template <typename It, typename = void>
+template<typename It, typename = void>
 struct iterator_types {};
 
-template <typename It>
+template<typename It>
 struct iterator_types <
     It,
     void_t<typename It::difference_type, typename It::value_type, typename It::pointer,
@@ -2621,18 +2780,18 @@ struct iterator_types <
 
 // This is required as some compilers implement std::iterator_traits in a way that
 // doesn't work with SFINAE. See https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1341.
-template <typename T, typename = void>
+template<typename T, typename = void>
 struct iterator_traits
 {
 };
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 struct iterator_traits < T, enable_if_t < !std::is_pointer<T>::value >>
             : iterator_types<T>
 {
 };
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 struct iterator_traits<T*, enable_if_t<std::is_object<T>::value>>
 {
     using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
@@ -2671,39 +2830,39 @@ struct nonesuch
     void operator=(nonesuch&&) = delete;
 };
 
-template <class Default,
-          class AlwaysVoid,
-          template <class...> class Op,
-          class... Args>
+template<class Default,
+         class AlwaysVoid,
+         template<class...> class Op,
+         class... Args>
 struct detector
 {
     using value_t = std::false_type;
     using type = Default;
 };
 
-template <class Default, template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 struct detector<Default, void_t<Op<Args...>>, Op, Args...>
 {
     using value_t = std::true_type;
     using type = Op<Args...>;
 };
 
-template <template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 using is_detected = typename detector<nonesuch, void, Op, Args...>::value_t;
 
-template <template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 using detected_t = typename detector<nonesuch, void, Op, Args...>::type;
 
-template <class Default, template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 using detected_or = detector<Default, void, Op, Args...>;
 
-template <class Default, template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<class Default, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 using detected_or_t = typename detected_or<Default, Op, Args...>::type;
 
-template <class Expected, template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<class Expected, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 using is_detected_exact = std::is_same<Expected, detected_t<Op, Args...>>;
 
-template <class To, template <class...> class Op, class... Args>
+template<class To, template<class...> class Op, class... Args>
 using is_detected_convertible =
     std::is_convertible<detected_t<Op, Args...>, To>;
 }  // namespace detail
@@ -2772,6 +2931,19 @@ uses the standard template types.
 @since version 1.0.0
 */
 using json = basic_json<>;
+
+template<class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess, class Allocator>
+struct ordered_map;
+
+/*!
+@brief ordered JSON class
+
+This type preserves the insertion order of object keys.
+
+@since version 3.9.0
+*/
+using ordered_json = basic_json<nlohmann::ordered_map>;
+
 }  // namespace nlohmann
 
 #endif  // INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_FWD_HPP_
@@ -2811,59 +2983,69 @@ struct is_basic_json<NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL> : std::true_type {};
 // json_ref helpers //
 //////////////////////
 
-template <typename>
+template<typename>
 class json_ref;
 
 template<typename>
 struct is_json_ref : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 struct is_json_ref<json_ref<T>> : std::true_type {};
 
 //////////////////////////
 // aliases for detected //
 //////////////////////////
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using mapped_type_t = typename T::mapped_type;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using key_type_t = typename T::key_type;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using value_type_t = typename T::value_type;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using difference_type_t = typename T::difference_type;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using pointer_t = typename T::pointer;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using reference_t = typename T::reference;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using iterator_category_t = typename T::iterator_category;
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 using iterator_t = typename T::iterator;
 
-template <typename T, typename... Args>
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
 using to_json_function = decltype(T::to_json(std::declval<Args>()...));
 
-template <typename T, typename... Args>
+template<typename T, typename... Args>
 using from_json_function = decltype(T::from_json(std::declval<Args>()...));
 
-template <typename T, typename U>
+template<typename T, typename U>
 using get_template_function = decltype(std::declval<T>().template get<U>());
 
 // trait checking if JSONSerializer<T>::from_json(json const&, udt&) exists
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
 struct has_from_json : std::false_type {};
 
+// trait checking if j.get<T> is valid
+// use this trait instead of std::is_constructible or std::is_convertible,
+// both rely on, or make use of implicit conversions, and thus fail when T
+// has several constructors/operator= (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/958)
 template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct has_from_json<BasicJsonType, T,
-           enable_if_t<not is_basic_json<T>::value>>
+struct is_getable
+{
+    static constexpr bool value = is_detected<get_template_function, const BasicJsonType&, T>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct has_from_json < BasicJsonType, T,
+           enable_if_t < !is_basic_json<T>::value >>
 {
     using serializer = typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>;
 
@@ -2874,11 +3056,11 @@ struct has_from_json<BasicJsonType, T,
 
 // This trait checks if JSONSerializer<T>::from_json(json const&) exists
 // this overload is used for non-default-constructible user-defined-types
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
 struct has_non_default_from_json : std::false_type {};
 
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct has_non_default_from_json<BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t<not is_basic_json<T>::value>>
+struct has_non_default_from_json < BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t < !is_basic_json<T>::value >>
 {
     using serializer = typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>;
 
@@ -2889,11 +3071,11 @@ struct has_non_default_from_json<BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t<not is_basic_json
 
 // This trait checks if BasicJsonType::json_serializer<T>::to_json exists
 // Do not evaluate the trait when T is a basic_json type, to avoid template instantiation infinite recursion.
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename = void>
 struct has_to_json : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct has_to_json<BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t<not is_basic_json<T>::value>>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+struct has_to_json < BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t < !is_basic_json<T>::value >>
 {
     using serializer = typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>;
 
@@ -2907,10 +3089,10 @@ struct has_to_json<BasicJsonType, T, enable_if_t<not is_basic_json<T>::value>>
 // is_ functions //
 ///////////////////
 
-template <typename T, typename = void>
+template<typename T, typename = void>
 struct is_iterator_traits : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 struct is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<T>>
 {
   private:
@@ -2927,20 +3109,20 @@ struct is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<T>>
 
 // source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/37193089/4116453
 
-template <typename T, typename = void>
+template<typename T, typename = void>
 struct is_complete_type : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename T>
+template<typename T>
 struct is_complete_type<T, decltype(void(sizeof(T)))> : std::true_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
-          typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+         typename = void>
 struct is_compatible_object_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType>
 struct is_compatible_object_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType,
-    enable_if_t<is_detected<mapped_type_t, CompatibleObjectType>::value and
+    enable_if_t < is_detected<mapped_type_t, CompatibleObjectType>::value&&
     is_detected<key_type_t, CompatibleObjectType>::value >>
 {
 
@@ -2949,53 +3131,53 @@ struct is_compatible_object_type_impl <
     // macOS's is_constructible does not play well with nonesuch...
     static constexpr bool value =
         std::is_constructible<typename object_t::key_type,
-        typename CompatibleObjectType::key_type>::value and
+        typename CompatibleObjectType::key_type>::value &&
         std::is_constructible<typename object_t::mapped_type,
         typename CompatibleObjectType::mapped_type>::value;
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType>
 struct is_compatible_object_type
     : is_compatible_object_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType> {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType,
-          typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType,
+         typename = void>
 struct is_constructible_object_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType>
 struct is_constructible_object_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, ConstructibleObjectType,
-    enable_if_t<is_detected<mapped_type_t, ConstructibleObjectType>::value and
+    enable_if_t < is_detected<mapped_type_t, ConstructibleObjectType>::value&&
     is_detected<key_type_t, ConstructibleObjectType>::value >>
 {
     using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
 
     static constexpr bool value =
-        (std::is_default_constructible<ConstructibleObjectType>::value and
-         (std::is_move_assignable<ConstructibleObjectType>::value or
-          std::is_copy_assignable<ConstructibleObjectType>::value) and
+        (std::is_default_constructible<ConstructibleObjectType>::value &&
+         (std::is_move_assignable<ConstructibleObjectType>::value ||
+          std::is_copy_assignable<ConstructibleObjectType>::value) &&
          (std::is_constructible<typename ConstructibleObjectType::key_type,
-          typename object_t::key_type>::value and
+          typename object_t::key_type>::value &&
           std::is_same <
           typename object_t::mapped_type,
-          typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type >::value)) or
+          typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type >::value)) ||
         (has_from_json<BasicJsonType,
-         typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>::value or
+         typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>::value ||
          has_non_default_from_json <
          BasicJsonType,
          typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type >::value);
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType>
 struct is_constructible_object_type
     : is_constructible_object_type_impl<BasicJsonType,
       ConstructibleObjectType> {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType,
-          typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType,
+         typename = void>
 struct is_compatible_string_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType>
 struct is_compatible_string_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, CompatibleStringType,
     enable_if_t<is_detected_exact<typename BasicJsonType::string_t::value_type,
@@ -3005,15 +3187,15 @@ struct is_compatible_string_type_impl <
         std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t, CompatibleStringType>::value;
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
 struct is_compatible_string_type
     : is_compatible_string_type_impl<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleStringType> {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType,
-          typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType,
+         typename = void>
 struct is_constructible_string_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
 struct is_constructible_string_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, ConstructibleStringType,
     enable_if_t<is_detected_exact<typename BasicJsonType::string_t::value_type,
@@ -3024,55 +3206,55 @@ struct is_constructible_string_type_impl <
         typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value;
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType>
 struct is_constructible_string_type
     : is_constructible_string_type_impl<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleStringType> {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType, typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType, typename = void>
 struct is_compatible_array_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
 struct is_compatible_array_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType,
-    enable_if_t<is_detected<value_type_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value and
-    is_detected<iterator_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value and
+    enable_if_t < is_detected<value_type_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+    is_detected<iterator_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
 // This is needed because json_reverse_iterator has a ::iterator type...
 // Therefore it is detected as a CompatibleArrayType.
 // The real fix would be to have an Iterable concept.
-    not is_iterator_traits<
-    iterator_traits<CompatibleArrayType>>::value >>
+    !is_iterator_traits <
+    iterator_traits<CompatibleArrayType >>::value >>
 {
     static constexpr bool value =
         std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType,
         typename CompatibleArrayType::value_type>::value;
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
 struct is_compatible_array_type
     : is_compatible_array_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType> {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType, typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType, typename = void>
 struct is_constructible_array_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
 struct is_constructible_array_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType,
     enable_if_t<std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType,
     typename BasicJsonType::value_type>::value >>
             : std::true_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
 struct is_constructible_array_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType,
-    enable_if_t<not std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType,
-    typename BasicJsonType::value_type>::value and
-    std::is_default_constructible<ConstructibleArrayType>::value and
-(std::is_move_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType>::value or
- std::is_copy_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType>::value) and
-is_detected<value_type_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value and
-is_detected<iterator_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value and
-is_complete_type<
-detected_t<value_type_t, ConstructibleArrayType>>::value >>
+    enable_if_t < !std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType,
+    typename BasicJsonType::value_type>::value&&
+    std::is_default_constructible<ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+(std::is_move_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType>::value ||
+ std::is_copy_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType>::value)&&
+is_detected<value_type_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+is_detected<iterator_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+is_complete_type <
+detected_t<value_type_t, ConstructibleArrayType >>::value >>
 {
     static constexpr bool value =
         // This is needed because json_reverse_iterator has a ::iterator type,
@@ -3080,30 +3262,30 @@ detected_t<value_type_t, ConstructibleArrayType>>::value >>
         // base class `iterator`... Therefore it is detected as a
         // ConstructibleArrayType. The real fix would be to have an Iterable
         // concept.
-        not is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<ConstructibleArrayType>>::value and
+        !is_iterator_traits<iterator_traits<ConstructibleArrayType>>::value &&
 
         (std::is_same<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type,
-         typename BasicJsonType::array_t::value_type>::value or
+         typename BasicJsonType::array_t::value_type>::value ||
          has_from_json<BasicJsonType,
-         typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>::value or
+         typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>::value ||
          has_non_default_from_json <
          BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type >::value);
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
 struct is_constructible_array_type
     : is_constructible_array_type_impl<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType> {};
 
-template <typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
-          typename = void>
+template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
+         typename = void>
 struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
+template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
 struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl <
     RealIntegerType, CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
-    enable_if_t<std::is_integral<RealIntegerType>::value and
-    std::is_integral<CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value and
-    not std::is_same<bool, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value >>
+    enable_if_t < std::is_integral<RealIntegerType>::value&&
+    std::is_integral<CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value&&
+    !std::is_same<bool, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value >>
 {
     // is there an assert somewhere on overflows?
     using RealLimits = std::numeric_limits<RealIntegerType>;
@@ -3111,20 +3293,20 @@ struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl <
 
     static constexpr auto value =
         std::is_constructible<RealIntegerType,
-        CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value and
-        CompatibleLimits::is_integer and
+        CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value &&
+        CompatibleLimits::is_integer &&
         RealLimits::is_signed == CompatibleLimits::is_signed;
 };
 
-template <typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
+template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
 struct is_compatible_integer_type
     : is_compatible_integer_type_impl<RealIntegerType,
       CompatibleNumberIntegerType> {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType, typename = void>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType, typename = void>
 struct is_compatible_type_impl: std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
 struct is_compatible_type_impl <
     BasicJsonType, CompatibleType,
     enable_if_t<is_complete_type<CompatibleType>::value >>
@@ -3133,7 +3315,7 @@ struct is_compatible_type_impl <
         has_to_json<BasicJsonType, CompatibleType>::value;
 };
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
 struct is_compatible_type
     : is_compatible_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleType> {};
 
@@ -3144,10 +3326,10 @@ template<class B1, class... Bn>
 struct conjunction<B1, Bn...>
 : std::conditional<bool(B1::value), conjunction<Bn...>, B1>::type {};
 
-template <typename T1, typename T2>
+template<typename T1, typename T2>
 struct is_constructible_tuple : std::false_type {};
 
-template <typename T1, typename... Args>
+template<typename T1, typename... Args>
 struct is_constructible_tuple<T1, std::tuple<Args...>> : conjunction<std::is_constructible<T1, Args>...> {};
 }  // namespace detail
 }  // namespace nlohmann
@@ -3160,9 +3342,6 @@ struct is_constructible_tuple<T1, std::tuple<Args...>> : conjunction<std::is_con
 #include <cstdint> // uint8_t
 #include <string> // string
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
-
 namespace nlohmann
 {
 namespace detail
@@ -3233,7 +3412,7 @@ inline bool operator<(const value_t lhs, const value_t rhs) noexcept
 
     const auto l_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(lhs);
     const auto r_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(rhs);
-    return l_index < order.size() and r_index < order.size() and order[l_index] < order[r_index];
+    return l_index < order.size() && r_index < order.size() && order[l_index] < order[r_index];
 }
 }  // namespace detail
 }  // namespace nlohmann
@@ -3246,7 +3425,7 @@ namespace detail
 template<typename BasicJsonType>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename std::nullptr_t& n)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_null()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_null()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be null, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3254,10 +3433,10 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename std::nullptr_t& n)
 }
 
 // overloads for basic_json template parameters
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
-         enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value and
-                     not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
-                     int> = 0>
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
+           enable_if_t < std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
+                         !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
+                         int > = 0 >
 void get_arithmetic_value(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
 {
     switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
@@ -3286,7 +3465,7 @@ void get_arithmetic_value(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
 template<typename BasicJsonType>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t& b)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_boolean()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_boolean()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be boolean, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3296,7 +3475,7 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t& b)
 template<typename BasicJsonType>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_string()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be string, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3306,13 +3485,13 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
 template <
     typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleStringType,
     enable_if_t <
-        is_constructible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleStringType>::value and
-        not std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
-                         ConstructibleStringType>::value,
+        is_constructible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleStringType>::value&&
+        !std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
+                      ConstructibleStringType>::value,
         int > = 0 >
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleStringType& s)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_string()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be string, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3349,10 +3528,10 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, EnumType& e)
 
 // forward_list doesn't have an insert method
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename Allocator,
-         enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+         enable_if_t<is_getable<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::forward_list<T, Allocator>& l)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3366,18 +3545,22 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::forward_list<T, Allocator>& l)
 
 // valarray doesn't have an insert method
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
-         enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+         enable_if_t<is_getable<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::valarray<T>& l)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
     l.resize(j.size());
-    std::copy(j.begin(), j.end(), std::begin(l));
+    std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(), std::begin(l),
+                   [](const BasicJsonType & elem)
+    {
+        return elem.template get<T>();
+    });
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
 auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N])
 -> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
 {
@@ -3393,7 +3576,7 @@ void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_
     arr = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::array_t*>();
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
 auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, std::array<T, N>& arr,
                           priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
 -> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
@@ -3425,7 +3608,7 @@ auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr, p
     arr = std::move(ret);
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType>
 void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr,
                           priority_tag<0> /*unused*/)
 {
@@ -3443,20 +3626,20 @@ void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr,
     arr = std::move(ret);
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
-          enable_if_t <
-              is_constructible_array_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value and
-              not is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value and
-              not is_constructible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value and
-              not std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t>::value and
-              not is_basic_json<ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
-              int > = 0 >
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+           enable_if_t <
+               is_constructible_array_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+               !is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+               !is_constructible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t>::value&&
+               !is_basic_json<ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+               int > = 0 >
 auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr)
 -> decltype(from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<3> {}),
 j.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>(),
 void())
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " +
                                       std::string(j.type_name())));
@@ -3465,10 +3648,10 @@ void())
     from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<3> {});
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& bin)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_binary()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_binary()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be binary, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3480,7 +3663,7 @@ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType,
          enable_if_t<is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleObjectType>::value, int> = 0>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleObjectType& obj)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_object()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_object()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be object, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
@@ -3502,14 +3685,14 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleObjectType& obj)
 // (BooleanType, etc..); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit
 // overloads for boolean_t etc. in case of a custom BooleanType which is not
 // an arithmetic type?
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
-         enable_if_t <
-             std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
-             int> = 0>
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
+           enable_if_t <
+               std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
+               int > = 0 >
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
 {
     switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
@@ -3558,19 +3741,19 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::tuple<Args...>& t)
     from_json_tuple_impl(j, t, index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Compare, typename Allocator,
-          typename = enable_if_t<not std::is_constructible<
-                                     typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key>::value>>
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Compare, typename Allocator,
+           typename = enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible <
+                                        typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key >::value >>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::map<Key, Value, Compare, Allocator>& m)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
     m.clear();
     for (const auto& p : j)
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not p.is_array()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!p.is_array()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(p.type_name())));
         }
@@ -3578,19 +3761,19 @@ void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::map<Key, Value, Compare, Allocator>&
     }
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Hash, typename KeyEqual, typename Allocator,
-          typename = enable_if_t<not std::is_constructible<
-                                     typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key>::value>>
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Hash, typename KeyEqual, typename Allocator,
+           typename = enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible <
+                                        typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key >::value >>
 void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::unordered_map<Key, Value, Hash, KeyEqual, Allocator>& m)
 {
-    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array()))
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name())));
     }
     m.clear();
     for (const auto& p : j)
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not p.is_array()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!p.is_array()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(p.type_name())));
         }
@@ -3631,8 +3814,6 @@ constexpr const auto& from_json = detail::static_const<detail::from_json_fn>::va
 #include <valarray> // valarray
 #include <vector> // vector
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iteration_proxy.hpp>
 
 
@@ -3653,9 +3834,11 @@ namespace detail
 template<typename string_type>
 void int_to_string( string_type& target, std::size_t value )
 {
-    target = std::to_string(value);
+    // For ADL
+    using std::to_string;
+    target = to_string(value);
 }
-template <typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
 {
   public:
     using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
@@ -3710,7 +3893,7 @@ template <typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
     /// return key of the iterator
     const string_type& key() const
     {
-        assert(anchor.m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(anchor.m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (anchor.m_object->type())
         {
@@ -3769,7 +3952,7 @@ template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy
 // Structured Bindings Support
 // For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
 // And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
-template <std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 0, int> = 0>
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 0, int> = 0>
 auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decltype(i.key())
 {
     return i.key();
@@ -3777,7 +3960,7 @@ auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decl
 // Structured Bindings Support
 // For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
 // And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
-template <std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 1, int> = 0>
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 1, int> = 0>
 auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decltype(i.value())
 {
     return i.value();
@@ -3796,11 +3979,11 @@ namespace std
     #pragma clang diagnostic push
     #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmismatched-tags"
 #endif
-template <typename IteratorType>
+template<typename IteratorType>
 class tuple_size<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>>
             : public std::integral_constant<std::size_t, 2> {};
 
-template <std::size_t N, typename IteratorType>
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType>
 class tuple_element<N, ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >>
 {
   public:
@@ -3861,9 +4044,9 @@ struct external_constructor<value_t::string>
         j.assert_invariant();
     }
 
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType,
-             enable_if_t<not std::is_same<CompatibleStringType, typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value,
-                         int> = 0>
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType,
+               enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleStringType, typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value,
+                             int > = 0 >
     static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleStringType& str)
     {
         j.m_type = value_t::string;
@@ -3949,9 +4132,9 @@ struct external_constructor<value_t::array>
         j.assert_invariant();
     }
 
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
-             enable_if_t<not std::is_same<CompatibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::array_t>::value,
-                         int> = 0>
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
+               enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::array_t>::value,
+                             int > = 0 >
     static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
     {
         using std::begin;
@@ -4008,8 +4191,8 @@ struct external_constructor<value_t::object>
         j.assert_invariant();
     }
 
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
-             enable_if_t<not std::is_same<CompatibleObjectType, typename BasicJsonType::object_t>::value, int> = 0>
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+               enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleObjectType, typename BasicJsonType::object_t>::value, int > = 0 >
     static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
     {
         using std::begin;
@@ -4080,20 +4263,20 @@ void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector<bool>& e)
     external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, e);
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
-          enable_if_t<is_compatible_array_type<BasicJsonType,
-                      CompatibleArrayType>::value and
-                      not is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value and
-                      not is_compatible_string_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value and
-                      not std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::binary_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value and
-                      not is_basic_json<CompatibleArrayType>::value,
-                      int> = 0>
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
+           enable_if_t < is_compatible_array_type<BasicJsonType,
+                         CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !is_compatible_string_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::binary_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !is_basic_json<CompatibleArrayType>::value,
+                         int > = 0 >
 void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
 {
     external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
 }
 
-template <typename BasicJsonType>
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
 void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& bin)
 {
     external_constructor<value_t::binary>::construct(j, bin);
@@ -4112,8 +4295,8 @@ void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr)
     external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, std::move(arr));
 }
 
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
-         enable_if_t<is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType>::value and not is_basic_json<CompatibleObjectType>::value, int> = 0>
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+           enable_if_t < is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType>::value&& !is_basic_json<CompatibleObjectType>::value, int > = 0 >
 void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
 {
     external_constructor<value_t::object>::construct(j, obj);
@@ -4127,9 +4310,9 @@ void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj)
 
 template <
     typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N,
-    enable_if_t<not std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
-                const T(&)[N]>::value,
-                int> = 0 >
+    enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
+                  const T(&)[N]>::value,
+                  int > = 0 >
 void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T(&arr)[N])
 {
     external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
@@ -4142,8 +4325,8 @@ void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::pair<T1, T2>& p)
 }
 
 // for https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1134
-template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
-           enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, iteration_proxy_value<typename BasicJsonType::iterator>>::value, int> = 0>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, iteration_proxy_value<typename BasicJsonType::iterator>>::value, int> = 0>
 void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& b)
 {
     j = { {b.key(), b.value()} };
@@ -4212,7 +4395,7 @@ struct adl_serializer
     @param[in,out] j  JSON value to write to
     @param[in] val    value to read from
     */
-    template <typename BasicJsonType, typename ValueType>
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ValueType>
     static auto to_json(BasicJsonType& j, ValueType&& val) noexcept(
         noexcept(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<ValueType>(val))))
     -> decltype(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<ValueType>(val)), void())
@@ -4391,20 +4574,136 @@ class byte_container_with_subtype : public BinaryType
 
 }  // namespace nlohmann
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_json.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/hash.hpp>
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t, uint8_t
+#include <functional> // hash
+
+namespace nlohmann
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// boost::hash_combine
+inline std::size_t combine(std::size_t seed, std::size_t h) noexcept
+{
+    seed ^= h + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6U) + (seed >> 2U);
+    return seed;
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief hash a JSON value
+
+The hash function tries to rely on std::hash where possible. Furthermore, the
+type of the JSON value is taken into account to have different hash values for
+null, 0, 0U, and false, etc.
+
+@tparam BasicJsonType basic_json specialization
+@param j JSON value to hash
+@return hash value of j
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+std::size_t hash(const BasicJsonType& j)
+{
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+
+    const auto type = static_cast<std::size_t>(j.type());
+    switch (j.type())
+    {
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::null:
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded:
+        {
+            return combine(type, 0);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::object:
+        {
+            auto seed = combine(type, j.size());
+            for (const auto& element : j.items())
+            {
+                const auto h = std::hash<string_t> {}(element.key());
+                seed = combine(seed, h);
+                seed = combine(seed, hash(element.value()));
+            }
+            return seed;
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::array:
+        {
+            auto seed = combine(type, j.size());
+            for (const auto& element : j)
+            {
+                seed = combine(seed, hash(element));
+            }
+            return seed;
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::string:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<string_t> {}(j.template get_ref<const string_t&>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::boolean:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<bool> {}(j.template get<bool>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_integer:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<number_integer_t> {}(j.template get<number_integer_t>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case nlohmann::detail::value_t::number_unsigned:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<number_unsigned_t> {}(j.template get<number_unsigned_t>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case nlohmann::detail::value_t::number_float:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<number_float_t> {}(j.template get<number_float_t>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case nlohmann::detail::value_t::binary:
+        {
+            auto seed = combine(type, j.get_binary().size());
+            const auto h = std::hash<bool> {}(j.get_binary().has_subtype());
+            seed = combine(seed, h);
+            seed = combine(seed, j.get_binary().subtype());
+            for (const auto byte : j.get_binary())
+            {
+                seed = combine(seed, std::hash<std::uint8_t> {}(byte));
+            }
+            return seed;
+        }
+
+        default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            JSON_ASSERT(false); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace nlohmann
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/binary_reader.hpp>
 
 
 #include <algorithm> // generate_n
 #include <array> // array
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cmath> // ldexp
 #include <cstddef> // size_t
 #include <cstdint> // uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t, uint64_t
@@ -4421,7 +4720,6 @@ class byte_container_with_subtype : public BinaryType
 
 
 #include <array> // array
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cstddef> // size_t
 #include <cstdio> //FILE *
 #include <cstring> // strlen
@@ -4459,7 +4757,7 @@ class file_input_adapter
     using char_type = char;
 
     JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    explicit file_input_adapter(std::FILE* f)  noexcept
+    explicit file_input_adapter(std::FILE* f) noexcept
         : m_file(f)
     {}
 
@@ -4498,7 +4796,7 @@ class input_stream_adapter
     {
         // clear stream flags; we use underlying streambuf I/O, do not
         // maintain ifstream flags, except eof
-        if (is)
+        if (is != nullptr)
         {
             is->clear(is->rdstate() & std::ios::eofbit);
         }
@@ -4513,7 +4811,7 @@ class input_stream_adapter
     input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
     input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&& rhs) = delete;
 
-    input_stream_adapter(input_stream_adapter&& rhs) : is(rhs.is), sb(rhs.sb)
+    input_stream_adapter(input_stream_adapter&& rhs) noexcept : is(rhs.is), sb(rhs.sb)
     {
         rhs.is = nullptr;
         rhs.sb = nullptr;
@@ -4673,7 +4971,7 @@ struct wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, 2>
                 utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
                 utf8_bytes_filled = 2;
             }
-            else if (0xD800 > wc or wc >= 0xE000)
+            else if (0xD800 > wc || wc >= 0xE000)
             {
                 utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xE0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u)));
                 utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
@@ -4682,7 +4980,7 @@ struct wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, 2>
             }
             else
             {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not input.empty()))
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!input.empty()))
                 {
                     const auto wc2 = static_cast<unsigned int>(input.get_character());
                     const auto charcode = 0x10000u + (((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3FFu) << 10u) | (wc2 & 0x3FFu));
@@ -4719,13 +5017,13 @@ class wide_string_input_adapter
         {
             fill_buffer<sizeof(WideCharType)>();
 
-            assert(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
-            assert(utf8_bytes_index == 0);
+            JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
+            JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_index == 0);
         }
 
         // use buffer
-        assert(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
-        assert(utf8_bytes_index < utf8_bytes_filled);
+        JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
+        JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_index < utf8_bytes_filled);
         return utf8_bytes[utf8_bytes_index++];
     }
 
@@ -4825,15 +5123,15 @@ using contiguous_bytes_input_adapter = decltype(input_adapter(std::declval<const
 // Null-delimited strings, and the like.
 template < typename CharT,
            typename std::enable_if <
-               std::is_pointer<CharT>::value and
-               not std::is_array<CharT>::value and
-               std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value and
+               std::is_pointer<CharT>::value&&
+               !std::is_array<CharT>::value&&
+               std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value&&
                sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
                int >::type = 0 >
 contiguous_bytes_input_adapter input_adapter(CharT b)
 {
     auto length = std::strlen(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b));
-    auto ptr = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b);
+    const auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b);
     return input_adapter(ptr, ptr + length);
 }
 
@@ -4849,12 +5147,12 @@ auto input_adapter(T (&array)[N]) -> decltype(input_adapter(array, array + N))
 class span_input_adapter
 {
   public:
-    template<typename CharT,
-             typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<CharT>::value and
-                 std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value and
-                 sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
-                 int>::type = 0>
+    template < typename CharT,
+               typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_pointer<CharT>::value&&
+                   std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value&&
+                   sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
+                   int >::type = 0 >
     span_input_adapter(CharT b, std::size_t l)
         : ia(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b), reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b) + l) {}
 
@@ -4879,7 +5177,6 @@ class span_input_adapter
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/json_sax.hpp>
 
 
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <string> // string
 #include <utility> // move
@@ -5099,7 +5396,7 @@ class json_sax_dom_parser
     {
         ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object));
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) and len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408,
                                             "excessive object size: " + std::to_string(len)));
@@ -5125,7 +5422,7 @@ class json_sax_dom_parser
     {
         ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array));
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) and len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408,
                                             "excessive array size: " + std::to_string(len)));
@@ -5140,30 +5437,15 @@ class json_sax_dom_parser
         return true;
     }
 
+    template<class Exception>
     bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
-                     const detail::exception& ex)
+                     const Exception& ex)
     {
         errored = true;
+        static_cast<void>(ex);
         if (allow_exceptions)
         {
-            // determine the proper exception type from the id
-            switch ((ex.id / 100) % 100)
-            {
-                case 1:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::parse_error*>(&ex));
-                case 4:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::out_of_range*>(&ex));
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                case 2:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::invalid_iterator*>(&ex));
-                case 3:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::type_error*>(&ex));
-                case 5:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::other_error*>(&ex));
-                default:
-                    assert(false);
-                    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-            }
+            JSON_THROW(ex);
         }
         return false;
     }
@@ -5190,7 +5472,7 @@ class json_sax_dom_parser
             return &root;
         }
 
-        assert(ref_stack.back()->is_array() or ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
 
         if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
         {
@@ -5198,8 +5480,8 @@ class json_sax_dom_parser
             return &(ref_stack.back()->m_value.array->back());
         }
 
-        assert(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
-        assert(object_element);
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
         *object_element = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
         return object_element;
     }
@@ -5295,7 +5577,7 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
 
         // check object limit
-        if (ref_stack.back() and JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) and len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        if (ref_stack.back() && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, "excessive object size: " + std::to_string(len)));
         }
@@ -5312,7 +5594,7 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         key_keep_stack.push_back(keep);
 
         // add discarded value at given key and store the reference for later
-        if (keep and ref_stack.back())
+        if (keep && ref_stack.back())
         {
             object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_value.object->operator[](val) = discarded);
         }
@@ -5322,18 +5604,18 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
 
     bool end_object()
     {
-        if (ref_stack.back() and not callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::object_end, *ref_stack.back()))
+        if (ref_stack.back() && !callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::object_end, *ref_stack.back()))
         {
             // discard object
             *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
         }
 
-        assert(not ref_stack.empty());
-        assert(not keep_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
         ref_stack.pop_back();
         keep_stack.pop_back();
 
-        if (not ref_stack.empty() and ref_stack.back() and ref_stack.back()->is_structured())
+        if (!ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back() && ref_stack.back()->is_structured())
         {
             // remove discarded value
             for (auto it = ref_stack.back()->begin(); it != ref_stack.back()->end(); ++it)
@@ -5358,7 +5640,7 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
 
         // check array limit
-        if (ref_stack.back() and JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) and len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        if (ref_stack.back() && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != std::size_t(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, "excessive array size: " + std::to_string(len)));
         }
@@ -5373,20 +5655,20 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         if (ref_stack.back())
         {
             keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::array_end, *ref_stack.back());
-            if (not keep)
+            if (!keep)
             {
                 // discard array
                 *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
             }
         }
 
-        assert(not ref_stack.empty());
-        assert(not keep_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
         ref_stack.pop_back();
         keep_stack.pop_back();
 
         // remove discarded value
-        if (not keep and not ref_stack.empty() and ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+        if (!keep && !ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back()->is_array())
         {
             ref_stack.back()->m_value.array->pop_back();
         }
@@ -5394,30 +5676,15 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         return true;
     }
 
+    template<class Exception>
     bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
-                     const detail::exception& ex)
+                     const Exception& ex)
     {
         errored = true;
+        static_cast<void>(ex);
         if (allow_exceptions)
         {
-            // determine the proper exception type from the id
-            switch ((ex.id / 100) % 100)
-            {
-                case 1:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::parse_error*>(&ex));
-                case 4:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::out_of_range*>(&ex));
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                case 2:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::invalid_iterator*>(&ex));
-                case 3:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::type_error*>(&ex));
-                case 5:
-                    JSON_THROW(*static_cast<const detail::other_error*>(&ex));
-                default:
-                    assert(false);
-                    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-            }
+            JSON_THROW(ex);
         }
         return false;
     }
@@ -5446,11 +5713,11 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
     template<typename Value>
     std::pair<bool, BasicJsonType*> handle_value(Value&& v, const bool skip_callback = false)
     {
-        assert(not keep_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
 
         // do not handle this value if we know it would be added to a discarded
         // container
-        if (not keep_stack.back())
+        if (!keep_stack.back())
         {
             return {false, nullptr};
         }
@@ -5459,10 +5726,10 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         auto value = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
 
         // check callback
-        const bool keep = skip_callback or callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::value, value);
+        const bool keep = skip_callback || callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::value, value);
 
         // do not handle this value if we just learnt it shall be discarded
-        if (not keep)
+        if (!keep)
         {
             return {false, nullptr};
         }
@@ -5475,13 +5742,13 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
 
         // skip this value if we already decided to skip the parent
         // (https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/971#issuecomment-413678360)
-        if (not ref_stack.back())
+        if (!ref_stack.back())
         {
             return {false, nullptr};
         }
 
         // we now only expect arrays and objects
-        assert(ref_stack.back()->is_array() or ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
 
         // array
         if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
@@ -5491,18 +5758,18 @@ class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
         }
 
         // object
-        assert(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
         // check if we should store an element for the current key
-        assert(not key_keep_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!key_keep_stack.empty());
         const bool store_element = key_keep_stack.back();
         key_keep_stack.pop_back();
 
-        if (not store_element)
+        if (!store_element)
         {
             return {false, nullptr};
         }
 
-        assert(object_element);
+        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
         *object_element = std::move(value);
         return {true, object_element};
     }
@@ -5606,3960 +5873,4209 @@ class json_sax_acceptor
 
 }  // namespace nlohmann
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/is_sax.hpp>
 
+#include <array> // array
+#include <clocale> // localeconv
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstdio> // snprintf
+#include <cstdlib> // strtof, strtod, strtold, strtoll, strtoull
+#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
+#include <string> // char_traits, string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
 
-#include <cstdint> // size_t
-#include <utility> // declval
-#include <string> // string
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
 
 namespace nlohmann
 {
 namespace detail
 {
-template <typename T>
-using null_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().null());
-
-template <typename T>
-using boolean_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().boolean(std::declval<bool>()));
-
-template <typename T, typename Integer>
-using number_integer_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_integer(std::declval<Integer>()));
-
-template <typename T, typename Unsigned>
-using number_unsigned_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_unsigned(std::declval<Unsigned>()));
-
-template <typename T, typename Float, typename String>
-using number_float_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_float(
-                                    std::declval<Float>(), std::declval<const String&>()));
-
-template <typename T, typename String>
-using string_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().string(std::declval<String&>()));
-
-template <typename T>
-using start_object_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().start_object(std::declval<std::size_t>()));
-
-template <typename T, typename String>
-using key_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().key(std::declval<String&>()));
-
-template <typename T>
-using end_object_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().end_object());
-
-template <typename T>
-using start_array_function_t =
-    decltype(std::declval<T&>().start_array(std::declval<std::size_t>()));
-
-template <typename T>
-using end_array_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().end_array());
-
-template <typename T, typename Exception>
-using parse_error_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().parse_error(
-        std::declval<std::size_t>(), std::declval<const std::string&>(),
-        std::declval<const Exception&>()));
+///////////
+// lexer //
+///////////
 
-template <typename SAX, typename BasicJsonType>
-struct is_sax
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class lexer_base
 {
-  private:
-    static_assert(is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
-                  "BasicJsonType must be of type basic_json<...>");
-
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using exception_t = typename BasicJsonType::exception;
-
   public:
-    static constexpr bool value =
-        is_detected_exact<bool, null_function_t, SAX>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, number_integer_function_t, SAX,
-        number_integer_t>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, number_unsigned_function_t, SAX,
-        number_unsigned_t>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, number_float_function_t, SAX, number_float_t,
-        string_t>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, string_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, start_object_function_t, SAX>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, key_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, end_object_function_t, SAX>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, start_array_function_t, SAX>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, end_array_function_t, SAX>::value &&
-        is_detected_exact<bool, parse_error_function_t, SAX, exception_t>::value;
-};
-
-template <typename SAX, typename BasicJsonType>
-struct is_sax_static_asserts
-{
-  private:
-    static_assert(is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
-                  "BasicJsonType must be of type basic_json<...>");
-
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using exception_t = typename BasicJsonType::exception;
+    /// token types for the parser
+    enum class token_type
+    {
+        uninitialized,    ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized
+        literal_true,     ///< the `true` literal
+        literal_false,    ///< the `false` literal
+        literal_null,     ///< the `null` literal
+        value_string,     ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value
+        value_unsigned,   ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number_unsigned() for actual value
+        value_integer,    ///< a signed integer -- use get_number_integer() for actual value
+        value_float,      ///< an floating point number -- use get_number_float() for actual value
+        begin_array,      ///< the character for array begin `[`
+        begin_object,     ///< the character for object begin `{`
+        end_array,        ///< the character for array end `]`
+        end_object,       ///< the character for object end `}`
+        name_separator,   ///< the name separator `:`
+        value_separator,  ///< the value separator `,`
+        parse_error,      ///< indicating a parse error
+        end_of_input,     ///< indicating the end of the input buffer
+        literal_or_value  ///< a literal or the begin of a value (only for diagnostics)
+    };
 
-  public:
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, null_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool null()");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool boolean(bool)");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool boolean(bool)");
-    static_assert(
-        is_detected_exact<bool, number_integer_function_t, SAX,
-        number_integer_t>::value,
-        "Missing/invalid function: bool number_integer(number_integer_t)");
-    static_assert(
-        is_detected_exact<bool, number_unsigned_function_t, SAX,
-        number_unsigned_t>::value,
-        "Missing/invalid function: bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t)");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, number_float_function_t, SAX,
-                  number_float_t, string_t>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool number_float(number_float_t, const string_t&)");
-    static_assert(
-        is_detected_exact<bool, string_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value,
-        "Missing/invalid function: bool string(string_t&)");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, start_object_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool start_object(std::size_t)");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, key_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool key(string_t&)");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, end_object_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool end_object()");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, start_array_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool start_array(std::size_t)");
-    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, end_array_function_t, SAX>::value,
-                  "Missing/invalid function: bool end_array()");
-    static_assert(
-        is_detected_exact<bool, parse_error_function_t, SAX, exception_t>::value,
-        "Missing/invalid function: bool parse_error(std::size_t, const "
-        "std::string&, const exception&)");
+    /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors)
+    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+    JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
+    static const char* token_type_name(const token_type t) noexcept
+    {
+        switch (t)
+        {
+            case token_type::uninitialized:
+                return "<uninitialized>";
+            case token_type::literal_true:
+                return "true literal";
+            case token_type::literal_false:
+                return "false literal";
+            case token_type::literal_null:
+                return "null literal";
+            case token_type::value_string:
+                return "string literal";
+            case token_type::value_unsigned:
+            case token_type::value_integer:
+            case token_type::value_float:
+                return "number literal";
+            case token_type::begin_array:
+                return "'['";
+            case token_type::begin_object:
+                return "'{'";
+            case token_type::end_array:
+                return "']'";
+            case token_type::end_object:
+                return "'}'";
+            case token_type::name_separator:
+                return "':'";
+            case token_type::value_separator:
+                return "','";
+            case token_type::parse_error:
+                return "<parse error>";
+            case token_type::end_of_input:
+                return "end of input";
+            case token_type::literal_or_value:
+                return "'[', '{', or a literal";
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            default: // catch non-enum values
+                return "unknown token";
+                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
+    }
 };
-}  // namespace detail
-}  // namespace nlohmann
-
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
-
-
-namespace nlohmann
-{
-namespace detail
-{
-
 /*!
-@brief determine system byte order
-
-@return true if and only if system's byte order is little endian
-
-@note from https://stackoverflow.com/a/1001328/266378
-*/
-static inline bool little_endianess(int num = 1) noexcept
-{
-    return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num) == 1;
-}
-
-
-///////////////////
-// binary reader //
-///////////////////
+@brief lexical analysis
 
-/*!
-@brief deserialization of CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON values
+This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization.
 */
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType, typename SAX = json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType>>
-class binary_reader
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class lexer : public lexer_base<BasicJsonType>
 {
     using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
     using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
     using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
     using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
-    using json_sax_t = SAX;
     using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
     using char_int_type = typename std::char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
 
   public:
-    /*!
-    @brief create a binary reader
+    using token_type = typename lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
 
-    @param[in] adapter  input adapter to read from
-    */
-    explicit binary_reader(InputAdapterType&& adapter) : ia(std::move(adapter))
-    {
-        (void)detail::is_sax_static_asserts<SAX, BasicJsonType> {};
-    }
+    explicit lexer(InputAdapterType&& adapter, bool ignore_comments_ = false)
+        : ia(std::move(adapter))
+        , ignore_comments(ignore_comments_)
+        , decimal_point_char(static_cast<char_int_type>(get_decimal_point()))
+    {}
 
-    // make class move-only
-    binary_reader(const binary_reader&) = delete;
-    binary_reader(binary_reader&&) = default;
-    binary_reader& operator=(const binary_reader&) = delete;
-    binary_reader& operator=(binary_reader&&) = default;
-    ~binary_reader() = default;
+    // delete because of pointer members
+    lexer(const lexer&) = delete;
+    lexer(lexer&&) = default;
+    lexer& operator=(lexer&) = delete;
+    lexer& operator=(lexer&&) = default;
+    ~lexer() = default;
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] format  the binary format to parse
-    @param[in] sax_    a SAX event processor
-    @param[in] strict  whether to expect the input to be consumed completed
+  private:
+    /////////////////////
+    // locales
+    /////////////////////
 
-    @return
-    */
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
-    bool sax_parse(const input_format_t format,
-                   json_sax_t* sax_,
-                   const bool strict = true)
+    /// return the locale-dependent decimal point
+    JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+    static char get_decimal_point() noexcept
     {
-        sax = sax_;
-        bool result = false;
+        const auto* loc = localeconv();
+        JSON_ASSERT(loc != nullptr);
+        return (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : *(loc->decimal_point);
+    }
 
-        switch (format)
-        {
-            case input_format_t::bson:
-                result = parse_bson_internal();
-                break;
+    /////////////////////
+    // scan functions
+    /////////////////////
 
-            case input_format_t::cbor:
-                result = parse_cbor_internal();
-                break;
+    /*!
+    @brief get codepoint from 4 hex characters following `\u`
 
-            case input_format_t::msgpack:
-                result = parse_msgpack_internal();
-                break;
+    For input "\u c1 c2 c3 c4" the codepoint is:
+      (c1 * 0x1000) + (c2 * 0x0100) + (c3 * 0x0010) + c4
+    = (c1 << 12) + (c2 << 8) + (c3 << 4) + (c4 << 0)
 
-            case input_format_t::ubjson:
-                result = parse_ubjson_internal();
-                break;
+    Furthermore, the possible characters '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', and 'a'..'f'
+    must be converted to the integers 0x0..0x9, 0xA..0xF, 0xA..0xF, resp. The
+    conversion is done by subtracting the offset (0x30, 0x37, and 0x57)
+    between the ASCII value of the character and the desired integer value.
 
-            default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-        }
+    @return codepoint (0x0000..0xFFFF) or -1 in case of an error (e.g. EOF or
+            non-hex character)
+    */
+    int get_codepoint()
+    {
+        // this function only makes sense after reading `\u`
+        JSON_ASSERT(current == 'u');
+        int codepoint = 0;
 
-        // strict mode: next byte must be EOF
-        if (result and strict)
+        const auto factors = { 12u, 8u, 4u, 0u };
+        for (const auto factor : factors)
         {
-            if (format == input_format_t::ubjson)
+            get();
+
+            if (current >= '0' && current <= '9')
             {
-                get_ignore_noop();
+                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x30u) << factor);
             }
-            else
+            else if (current >= 'A' && current <= 'F')
             {
-                get();
+                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x37u) << factor);
             }
-
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+            else if (current >= 'a' && current <= 'f')
             {
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(),
-                                        parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "expected end of input; last byte: 0x" + get_token_string(), "value")));
+                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x57u) << factor);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return -1;
             }
         }
 
-        return result;
+        JSON_ASSERT(0x0000 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0xFFFF);
+        return codepoint;
     }
 
-  private:
-    //////////
-    // BSON //
-    //////////
-
     /*!
-    @brief Reads in a BSON-object and passes it to the SAX-parser.
-    @return whether a valid BSON-value was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_bson_internal()
-    {
-        std::int32_t document_size;
-        get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
+    @brief check if the next byte(s) are inside a given range
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_object(std::size_t(-1))))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+    Adds the current byte and, for each passed range, reads a new byte and
+    checks if it is inside the range. If a violation was detected, set up an
+    error message and return false. Otherwise, return true.
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_bson_element_list(/*is_array*/false)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+    @param[in] ranges  list of integers; interpreted as list of pairs of
+                       inclusive lower and upper bound, respectively
 
-        return sax->end_object();
-    }
+    @pre The passed list @a ranges must have 2, 4, or 6 elements; that is,
+         1, 2, or 3 pairs. This precondition is enforced by an assertion.
 
-    /*!
-    @brief Parses a C-style string from the BSON input.
-    @param[in, out] result  A reference to the string variable where the read
-                            string is to be stored.
-    @return `true` if the \x00-byte indicating the end of the string was
-             encountered before the EOF; false` indicates an unexpected EOF.
+    @return true if and only if no range violation was detected
     */
-    bool get_bson_cstr(string_t& result)
+    bool next_byte_in_range(std::initializer_list<char_int_type> ranges)
     {
-        auto out = std::back_inserter(result);
-        while (true)
+        JSON_ASSERT(ranges.size() == 2 || ranges.size() == 4 || ranges.size() == 6);
+        add(current);
+
+        for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); ++range)
         {
             get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::bson, "cstring")))
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(*range <= current && current <= *(++range)))
             {
-                return false;
+                add(current);
             }
-            if (current == 0x00)
+            else
             {
-                return true;
+                error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
+                return false;
             }
-            *out++ = static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current);
         }
 
         return true;
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief Parses a zero-terminated string of length @a len from the BSON
-           input.
-    @param[in] len  The length (including the zero-byte at the end) of the
-                    string to be read.
-    @param[in, out] result  A reference to the string variable where the read
-                            string is to be stored.
-    @tparam NumberType The type of the length @a len
-    @pre len >= 1
-    @return `true` if the string was successfully parsed
-    */
-    template<typename NumberType>
-    bool get_bson_string(const NumberType len, string_t& result)
-    {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len < 1))
-        {
-            auto last_token = get_token_string();
-            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::bson, "string length must be at least 1, is " + std::to_string(len), "string")));
-        }
+    @brief scan a string literal
 
-        return get_string(input_format_t::bson, len - static_cast<NumberType>(1), result) and get() != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof();
-    }
+    This function scans a string according to Sect. 7 of RFC 7159. While
+    scanning, bytes are escaped and copied into buffer token_buffer. Then the
+    function returns successfully, token_buffer is *not* null-terminated (as it
+    may contain \0 bytes), and token_buffer.size() is the number of bytes in the
+    string.
 
-    /*!
-    @brief Parses a byte array input of length @a len from the BSON input.
-    @param[in] len  The length of the byte array to be read.
-    @param[in, out] result  A reference to the binary variable where the read
-                            array is to be stored.
-    @tparam NumberType The type of the length @a len
-    @pre len >= 0
-    @return `true` if the byte array was successfully parsed
+    @return token_type::value_string if string could be successfully scanned,
+            token_type::parse_error otherwise
+
+    @note In case of errors, variable error_message contains a textual
+          description.
     */
-    template<typename NumberType>
-    bool get_bson_binary(const NumberType len, binary_t& result)
+    token_type scan_string()
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len < 0))
-        {
-            auto last_token = get_token_string();
-            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::bson, "byte array length cannot be negative, is " + std::to_string(len), "binary")));
-        }
-
-        // All BSON binary values have a subtype
-        std::uint8_t subtype;
-        get_number<std::uint8_t>(input_format_t::bson, subtype);
-        result.set_subtype(subtype);
+        // reset token_buffer (ignore opening quote)
+        reset();
 
-        return get_binary(input_format_t::bson, len, result);
-    }
+        // we entered the function by reading an open quote
+        JSON_ASSERT(current == '\"');
 
-    /*!
-    @brief Read a BSON document element of the given @a element_type.
-    @param[in] element_type The BSON element type, c.f. http://bsonspec.org/spec.html
-    @param[in] element_type_parse_position The position in the input stream,
-               where the `element_type` was read.
-    @warning Not all BSON element types are supported yet. An unsupported
-             @a element_type will give rise to a parse_error.114:
-             Unsupported BSON record type 0x...
-    @return whether a valid BSON-object/array was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_bson_element_internal(const char_int_type element_type,
-                                     const std::size_t element_type_parse_position)
-    {
-        switch (element_type)
+        while (true)
         {
-            case 0x01: // double
-            {
-                double number;
-                return get_number<double, true>(input_format_t::bson, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
-            }
-
-            case 0x02: // string
+            // get next character
+            switch (get())
             {
-                std::int32_t len;
-                string_t value;
-                return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, len) and get_bson_string(len, value) and sax->string(value);
-            }
+                // end of file while parsing string
+                case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: missing closing quote";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x03: // object
-            {
-                return parse_bson_internal();
-            }
+                // closing quote
+                case '\"':
+                {
+                    return token_type::value_string;
+                }
 
-            case 0x04: // array
-            {
-                return parse_bson_array();
-            }
+                // escapes
+                case '\\':
+                {
+                    switch (get())
+                    {
+                        // quotation mark
+                        case '\"':
+                            add('\"');
+                            break;
+                        // reverse solidus
+                        case '\\':
+                            add('\\');
+                            break;
+                        // solidus
+                        case '/':
+                            add('/');
+                            break;
+                        // backspace
+                        case 'b':
+                            add('\b');
+                            break;
+                        // form feed
+                        case 'f':
+                            add('\f');
+                            break;
+                        // line feed
+                        case 'n':
+                            add('\n');
+                            break;
+                        // carriage return
+                        case 'r':
+                            add('\r');
+                            break;
+                        // tab
+                        case 't':
+                            add('\t');
+                            break;
 
-            case 0x05: // binary
-            {
-                std::int32_t len;
-                binary_t value;
-                return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, len) and get_bson_binary(len, value) and sax->binary(value);
-            }
+                        // unicode escapes
+                        case 'u':
+                        {
+                            const int codepoint1 = get_codepoint();
+                            int codepoint = codepoint1; // start with codepoint1
 
-            case 0x08: // boolean
-            {
-                return sax->boolean(get() != 0);
-            }
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint1 == -1))
+                            {
+                                error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
+                                return token_type::parse_error;
+                            }
 
-            case 0x0A: // null
-            {
-                return sax->null();
-            }
+                            // check if code point is a high surrogate
+                            if (0xD800 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF)
+                            {
+                                // expect next \uxxxx entry
+                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(get() == '\\' && get() == 'u'))
+                                {
+                                    const int codepoint2 = get_codepoint();
 
-            case 0x10: // int32
-            {
-                std::int32_t value;
-                return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) and sax->number_integer(value);
-            }
+                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 == -1))
+                                    {
+                                        error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
+                                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                                    }
 
-            case 0x12: // int64
-            {
-                std::int64_t value;
-                return get_number<std::int64_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) and sax->number_integer(value);
-            }
+                                    // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate
+                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint2 && codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF))
+                                    {
+                                        // overwrite codepoint
+                                        codepoint = static_cast<int>(
+                                                        // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits
+                                                        (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint1) << 10u)
+                                                        // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits
+                                                        + static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint2)
+                                                        // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00 and 0x10000 noise
+                                                        // in the result so we have to subtract with:
+                                                        // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00
+                                                        - 0x35FDC00u);
+                                    }
+                                    else
+                                    {
+                                        error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
+                                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
+                                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDFFF))
+                                {
+                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must follow U+D800..U+DBFF";
+                                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                                }
+                            }
 
-            default: // anything else not supported (yet)
-            {
-                std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
-                (std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(element_type));
-                return sax->parse_error(element_type_parse_position, std::string(cr.data()), parse_error::create(114, element_type_parse_position, "Unsupported BSON record type 0x" + std::string(cr.data())));
-            }
-        }
-    }
+                            // result of the above calculation yields a proper codepoint
+                            JSON_ASSERT(0x00 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0x10FFFF);
 
-    /*!
-    @brief Read a BSON element list (as specified in the BSON-spec)
+                            // translate codepoint into bytes
+                            if (codepoint < 0x80)
+                            {
+                                // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII)
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(codepoint));
+                            }
+                            else if (codepoint <= 0x7FF)
+                            {
+                                // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xC0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+                            }
+                            else if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
+                            {
+                                // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xE0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xF0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 18u)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+                            }
 
-    The same binary layout is used for objects and arrays, hence it must be
-    indicated with the argument @a is_array which one is expected
-    (true --> array, false --> object).
+                            break;
+                        }
 
-    @param[in] is_array Determines if the element list being read is to be
-                        treated as an object (@a is_array == false), or as an
-                        array (@a is_array == true).
-    @return whether a valid BSON-object/array was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_bson_element_list(const bool is_array)
-    {
-        string_t key;
+                        // other characters after escape
+                        default:
+                            error_message = "invalid string: forbidden character after backslash";
+                            return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
 
-        while (auto element_type = get())
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::bson, "element list")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+                    break;
+                }
 
-            const std::size_t element_type_parse_position = chars_read;
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_bson_cstr(key)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+                // invalid control characters
+                case 0x00:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0000 (NUL) must be escaped to \\u0000";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            if (not is_array and not sax->key(key))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+                case 0x01:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0001 (SOH) must be escaped to \\u0001";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_bson_element_internal(element_type, element_type_parse_position)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+                case 0x02:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0002 (STX) must be escaped to \\u0002";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            // get_bson_cstr only appends
-            key.clear();
-        }
+                case 0x03:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0003 (ETX) must be escaped to \\u0003";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x04:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0004 (EOT) must be escaped to \\u0004";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief Reads an array from the BSON input and passes it to the SAX-parser.
-    @return whether a valid BSON-array was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_bson_array()
-    {
-        std::int32_t document_size;
-        get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
+                case 0x05:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0005 (ENQ) must be escaped to \\u0005";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_array(std::size_t(-1))))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+                case 0x06:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0006 (ACK) must be escaped to \\u0006";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_bson_element_list(/*is_array*/true)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+                case 0x07:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0007 (BEL) must be escaped to \\u0007";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return sax->end_array();
-    }
+                case 0x08:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0008 (BS) must be escaped to \\u0008 or \\b";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    //////////
-    // CBOR //
-    //////////
+                case 0x09:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0009 (HT) must be escaped to \\u0009 or \\t";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] get_char  whether a new character should be retrieved from the
-                         input (true, default) or whether the last read
-                         character should be considered instead
+                case 0x0A:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000A (LF) must be escaped to \\u000A or \\n";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    @return whether a valid CBOR value was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_cbor_internal(const bool get_char = true)
-    {
-        switch (get_char ? get() : current)
-        {
-            // EOF
-            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "value");
+                case 0x0B:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000B (VT) must be escaped to \\u000B";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            // Integer 0x00..0x17 (0..23)
-            case 0x00:
-            case 0x01:
-            case 0x02:
-            case 0x03:
-            case 0x04:
-            case 0x05:
-            case 0x06:
-            case 0x07:
-            case 0x08:
-            case 0x09:
-            case 0x0A:
-            case 0x0B:
-            case 0x0C:
-            case 0x0D:
-            case 0x0E:
-            case 0x0F:
-            case 0x10:
-            case 0x11:
-            case 0x12:
-            case 0x13:
-            case 0x14:
-            case 0x15:
-            case 0x16:
-            case 0x17:
-                return sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(current));
+                case 0x0C:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000C (FF) must be escaped to \\u000C or \\f";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x18: // Unsigned integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
-            }
+                case 0x0D:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000D (CR) must be escaped to \\u000D or \\r";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x19: // Unsigned integer (two-byte uint16_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint16_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
-            }
+                case 0x0E:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000E (SO) must be escaped to \\u000E";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x1A: // Unsigned integer (four-byte uint32_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
-            }
+                case 0x0F:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000F (SI) must be escaped to \\u000F";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x1B: // Unsigned integer (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
-            }
+                case 0x10:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0010 (DLE) must be escaped to \\u0010";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            // Negative integer -1-0x00..-1-0x17 (-1..-24)
-            case 0x20:
-            case 0x21:
-            case 0x22:
-            case 0x23:
-            case 0x24:
-            case 0x25:
-            case 0x26:
-            case 0x27:
-            case 0x28:
-            case 0x29:
-            case 0x2A:
-            case 0x2B:
-            case 0x2C:
-            case 0x2D:
-            case 0x2E:
-            case 0x2F:
-            case 0x30:
-            case 0x31:
-            case 0x32:
-            case 0x33:
-            case 0x34:
-            case 0x35:
-            case 0x36:
-            case 0x37:
-                return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(0x20 - 1 - current));
+                case 0x11:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0011 (DC1) must be escaped to \\u0011";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x38: // Negative integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
-            }
+                case 0x12:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0012 (DC2) must be escaped to \\u0012";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x39: // Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint16_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
-            }
+                case 0x13:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0013 (DC3) must be escaped to \\u0013";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x3A: // Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
-            }
+                case 0x14:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0014 (DC4) must be escaped to \\u0014";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0x3B: // Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1)
-                        - static_cast<number_integer_t>(number));
-            }
+                case 0x15:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0015 (NAK) must be escaped to \\u0015";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
-            case 0x40:
-            case 0x41:
-            case 0x42:
-            case 0x43:
-            case 0x44:
-            case 0x45:
-            case 0x46:
-            case 0x47:
-            case 0x48:
-            case 0x49:
-            case 0x4A:
-            case 0x4B:
-            case 0x4C:
-            case 0x4D:
-            case 0x4E:
-            case 0x4F:
-            case 0x50:
-            case 0x51:
-            case 0x52:
-            case 0x53:
-            case 0x54:
-            case 0x55:
-            case 0x56:
-            case 0x57:
-            case 0x58: // Binary data (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            case 0x59: // Binary data (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            case 0x5A: // Binary data (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            case 0x5B: // Binary data (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
-            {
-                binary_t b;
-                return get_cbor_binary(b) and sax->binary(b);
-            }
-
-            // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
-            case 0x60:
-            case 0x61:
-            case 0x62:
-            case 0x63:
-            case 0x64:
-            case 0x65:
-            case 0x66:
-            case 0x67:
-            case 0x68:
-            case 0x69:
-            case 0x6A:
-            case 0x6B:
-            case 0x6C:
-            case 0x6D:
-            case 0x6E:
-            case 0x6F:
-            case 0x70:
-            case 0x71:
-            case 0x72:
-            case 0x73:
-            case 0x74:
-            case 0x75:
-            case 0x76:
-            case 0x77:
-            case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
-            {
-                string_t s;
-                return get_cbor_string(s) and sax->string(s);
-            }
-
-            // array (0x00..0x17 data items follow)
-            case 0x80:
-            case 0x81:
-            case 0x82:
-            case 0x83:
-            case 0x84:
-            case 0x85:
-            case 0x86:
-            case 0x87:
-            case 0x88:
-            case 0x89:
-            case 0x8A:
-            case 0x8B:
-            case 0x8C:
-            case 0x8D:
-            case 0x8E:
-            case 0x8F:
-            case 0x90:
-            case 0x91:
-            case 0x92:
-            case 0x93:
-            case 0x94:
-            case 0x95:
-            case 0x96:
-            case 0x97:
-                return get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu));
-
-            case 0x98: // array (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0x99: // array (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0x9A: // array (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0x9B: // array (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0x9F: // array (indefinite length)
-                return get_cbor_array(std::size_t(-1));
-
-            // map (0x00..0x17 pairs of data items follow)
-            case 0xA0:
-            case 0xA1:
-            case 0xA2:
-            case 0xA3:
-            case 0xA4:
-            case 0xA5:
-            case 0xA6:
-            case 0xA7:
-            case 0xA8:
-            case 0xA9:
-            case 0xAA:
-            case 0xAB:
-            case 0xAC:
-            case 0xAD:
-            case 0xAE:
-            case 0xAF:
-            case 0xB0:
-            case 0xB1:
-            case 0xB2:
-            case 0xB3:
-            case 0xB4:
-            case 0xB5:
-            case 0xB6:
-            case 0xB7:
-                return get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu));
-
-            case 0xB8: // map (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0xB9: // map (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0xBA: // map (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0xBB: // map (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
-            }
-
-            case 0xBF: // map (indefinite length)
-                return get_cbor_object(std::size_t(-1));
-
-            case 0xF4: // false
-                return sax->boolean(false);
-
-            case 0xF5: // true
-                return sax->boolean(true);
+                case 0x16:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0016 (SYN) must be escaped to \\u0016";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0xF6: // null
-                return sax->null();
+                case 0x17:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0017 (ETB) must be escaped to \\u0017";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0xF9: // Half-Precision Float (two-byte IEEE 754)
-            {
-                const auto byte1_raw = get();
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "number")))
+                case 0x18:
                 {
-                    return false;
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0018 (CAN) must be escaped to \\u0018";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
                 }
-                const auto byte2_raw = get();
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "number")))
+
+                case 0x19:
                 {
-                    return false;
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0019 (EM) must be escaped to \\u0019";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
                 }
 
-                const auto byte1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte1_raw);
-                const auto byte2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte2_raw);
+                case 0x1A:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001A (SUB) must be escaped to \\u001A";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-                // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
-                // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added
-                // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often
-                // still only have limited support for them. It is very
-                // easy to include at least decoding support for them even
-                // without such support. An example of a small decoder for
-                // half-precision floating-point numbers in the C language
-                // is shown in Fig. 3.
-                const auto half = static_cast<unsigned int>((byte1 << 8u) + byte2);
-                const double val = [&half]
+                case 0x1B:
                 {
-                    const int exp = (half >> 10u) & 0x1Fu;
-                    const unsigned int mant = half & 0x3FFu;
-                    assert(0 <= exp and exp <= 32);
-                    assert(mant <= 1024);
-                    switch (exp)
-                    {
-                        case 0:
-                            return std::ldexp(mant, -24);
-                        case 31:
-                            return (mant == 0)
-                            ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
-                            : std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
-                        default:
-                            return std::ldexp(mant + 1024, exp - 25);
-                    }
-                }();
-                return sax->number_float((half & 0x8000u) != 0
-                                         ? static_cast<number_float_t>(-val)
-                                         : static_cast<number_float_t>(val), "");
-            }
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001B (ESC) must be escaped to \\u001B";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0xFA: // Single-Precision Float (four-byte IEEE 754)
-            {
-                float number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
-            }
+                case 0x1C:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001C (FS) must be escaped to \\u001C";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            case 0xFB: // Double-Precision Float (eight-byte IEEE 754)
-            {
-                double number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
-            }
+                case 0x1D:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001D (GS) must be escaped to \\u001D";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-            default: // anything else (0xFF is handled inside the other types)
-            {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
-            }
-        }
-    }
+                case 0x1E:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001E (RS) must be escaped to \\u001E";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a CBOR string
+                case 0x1F:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001F (US) must be escaped to \\u001F";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
-    Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
-
-    @param[out] result  created string
-
-    @return whether string creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
-    {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+                // U+0020..U+007F (except U+0022 (quote) and U+005C (backspace))
+                case 0x20:
+                case 0x21:
+                case 0x23:
+                case 0x24:
+                case 0x25:
+                case 0x26:
+                case 0x27:
+                case 0x28:
+                case 0x29:
+                case 0x2A:
+                case 0x2B:
+                case 0x2C:
+                case 0x2D:
+                case 0x2E:
+                case 0x2F:
+                case 0x30:
+                case 0x31:
+                case 0x32:
+                case 0x33:
+                case 0x34:
+                case 0x35:
+                case 0x36:
+                case 0x37:
+                case 0x38:
+                case 0x39:
+                case 0x3A:
+                case 0x3B:
+                case 0x3C:
+                case 0x3D:
+                case 0x3E:
+                case 0x3F:
+                case 0x40:
+                case 0x41:
+                case 0x42:
+                case 0x43:
+                case 0x44:
+                case 0x45:
+                case 0x46:
+                case 0x47:
+                case 0x48:
+                case 0x49:
+                case 0x4A:
+                case 0x4B:
+                case 0x4C:
+                case 0x4D:
+                case 0x4E:
+                case 0x4F:
+                case 0x50:
+                case 0x51:
+                case 0x52:
+                case 0x53:
+                case 0x54:
+                case 0x55:
+                case 0x56:
+                case 0x57:
+                case 0x58:
+                case 0x59:
+                case 0x5A:
+                case 0x5B:
+                case 0x5D:
+                case 0x5E:
+                case 0x5F:
+                case 0x60:
+                case 0x61:
+                case 0x62:
+                case 0x63:
+                case 0x64:
+                case 0x65:
+                case 0x66:
+                case 0x67:
+                case 0x68:
+                case 0x69:
+                case 0x6A:
+                case 0x6B:
+                case 0x6C:
+                case 0x6D:
+                case 0x6E:
+                case 0x6F:
+                case 0x70:
+                case 0x71:
+                case 0x72:
+                case 0x73:
+                case 0x74:
+                case 0x75:
+                case 0x76:
+                case 0x77:
+                case 0x78:
+                case 0x79:
+                case 0x7A:
+                case 0x7B:
+                case 0x7C:
+                case 0x7D:
+                case 0x7E:
+                case 0x7F:
+                {
+                    add(current);
+                    break;
+                }
 
-        switch (current)
-        {
-            // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
-            case 0x60:
-            case 0x61:
-            case 0x62:
-            case 0x63:
-            case 0x64:
-            case 0x65:
-            case 0x66:
-            case 0x67:
-            case 0x68:
-            case 0x69:
-            case 0x6A:
-            case 0x6B:
-            case 0x6C:
-            case 0x6D:
-            case 0x6E:
-            case 0x6F:
-            case 0x70:
-            case 0x71:
-            case 0x72:
-            case 0x73:
-            case 0x74:
-            case 0x75:
-            case 0x76:
-            case 0x77:
-            {
-                return get_string(input_format_t::cbor, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
-            }
+                // U+0080..U+07FF: bytes C2..DF 80..BF
+                case 0xC2:
+                case 0xC3:
+                case 0xC4:
+                case 0xC5:
+                case 0xC6:
+                case 0xC7:
+                case 0xC8:
+                case 0xC9:
+                case 0xCA:
+                case 0xCB:
+                case 0xCC:
+                case 0xCD:
+                case 0xCE:
+                case 0xCF:
+                case 0xD0:
+                case 0xD1:
+                case 0xD2:
+                case 0xD3:
+                case 0xD4:
+                case 0xD5:
+                case 0xD6:
+                case 0xD7:
+                case 0xD8:
+                case 0xD9:
+                case 0xDA:
+                case 0xDB:
+                case 0xDC:
+                case 0xDD:
+                case 0xDE:
+                case 0xDF:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF})))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
 
-            case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                // U+0800..U+0FFF: bytes E0 A0..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xE0:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0xA0, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
 
-            case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                // U+1000..U+CFFF: bytes E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF
+                // U+E000..U+FFFF: bytes EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xE1:
+                case 0xE2:
+                case 0xE3:
+                case 0xE4:
+                case 0xE5:
+                case 0xE6:
+                case 0xE7:
+                case 0xE8:
+                case 0xE9:
+                case 0xEA:
+                case 0xEB:
+                case 0xEC:
+                case 0xEE:
+                case 0xEF:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
 
-            case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                // U+D000..U+D7FF: bytes ED 80..9F 80..BF
+                case 0xED:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x9F, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
 
-            case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                // U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xF0:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x90, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
 
-            case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
-            {
-                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                // U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xF1:
+                case 0xF2:
+                case 0xF3:
                 {
-                    string_t chunk;
-                    if (not get_cbor_string(chunk))
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
                     {
-                        return false;
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
                     }
-                    result.append(chunk);
+                    break;
                 }
-                return true;
-            }
 
-            default:
-            {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "expected length specification (0x60-0x7B) or indefinite string type (0x7F); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "string")));
-            }
+                // U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xF4:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // remaining bytes (80..C1 and F5..FF) are ill-formed
+                default:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief reads a CBOR byte array
-
-    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
-    Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
-
-    @param[out] result  created byte array
-
-    @return whether byte array creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
+     * @brief scan a comment
+     * @return whether comment could be scanned successfully
+     */
+    bool scan_comment()
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        switch (current)
+        switch (get())
         {
-            // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
-            case 0x40:
-            case 0x41:
-            case 0x42:
-            case 0x43:
-            case 0x44:
-            case 0x45:
-            case 0x46:
-            case 0x47:
-            case 0x48:
-            case 0x49:
-            case 0x4A:
-            case 0x4B:
-            case 0x4C:
-            case 0x4D:
-            case 0x4E:
-            case 0x4F:
-            case 0x50:
-            case 0x51:
-            case 0x52:
-            case 0x53:
-            case 0x54:
-            case 0x55:
-            case 0x56:
-            case 0x57:
+            // single-line comments skip input until a newline or EOF is read
+            case '/':
             {
-                return get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
-            }
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    switch (get())
+                    {
+                        case '\n':
+                        case '\r':
+                        case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                        case '\0':
+                            return true;
 
-            case 0x58: // Binary data (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+                        default:
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
-            case 0x59: // Binary data (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            // multi-line comments skip input until */ is read
+            case '*':
             {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    switch (get())
+                    {
+                        case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                        case '\0':
+                        {
+                            error_message = "invalid comment; missing closing '*/'";
+                            return false;
+                        }
 
-            case 0x5A: // Binary data (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                        case '*':
+                        {
+                            switch (get())
+                            {
+                                case '/':
+                                    return true;
 
-            case 0x5B: // Binary data (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
-            }
+                                default:
+                                {
+                                    unget();
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
 
-            case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
-            {
-                while (get() != 0xFF)
-                {
-                    binary_t chunk;
-                    if (not get_cbor_binary(chunk))
-                    {
-                        return false;
+                        default:
+                            continue;
                     }
-                    result.insert(result.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
                 }
-                return true;
             }
 
+            // unexpected character after reading '/'
             default:
             {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "expected length specification (0x40-0x5B) or indefinite binary array type (0x5F); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "binary")));
+                error_message = "invalid comment; expecting '/' or '*' after '/'";
+                return false;
             }
         }
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] len  the length of the array or std::size_t(-1) for an
-                    array of indefinite size
-    @return whether array creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_array(const std::size_t len)
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_array(len)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+        f = std::strtof(str, endptr);
+    }
 
-        if (len != std::size_t(-1))
-        {
-            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-            {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_cbor_internal()))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            while (get() != 0xFF)
-            {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_cbor_internal(false)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+    {
+        f = std::strtod(str, endptr);
+    }
 
-        return sax->end_array();
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+    {
+        f = std::strtold(str, endptr);
     }
 
     /*!
-    @param[in] len  the length of the object or std::size_t(-1) for an
-                    object of indefinite size
-    @return whether object creation completed
+    @brief scan a number literal
+
+    This function scans a string according to Sect. 6 of RFC 7159.
+
+    The function is realized with a deterministic finite state machine derived
+    from the grammar described in RFC 7159. Starting in state "init", the
+    input is read and used to determined the next state. Only state "done"
+    accepts the number. State "error" is a trap state to model errors. In the
+    table below, "anything" means any character but the ones listed before.
+
+    state    | 0        | 1-9      | e E      | +       | -       | .        | anything
+    ---------|----------|----------|----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------
+    init     | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | minus   | [error]  | [error]
+    minus    | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
+    zero     | done     | done     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
+    any1     | any1     | any1     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
+    decimal1 | decimal2 | decimal2 | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
+    decimal2 | decimal2 | decimal2 | exponent | done    | done    | done     | done
+    exponent | any2     | any2     | [error]  | sign    | sign    | [error]  | [error]
+    sign     | any2     | any2     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
+    any2     | any2     | any2     | done     | done    | done    | done     | done
+
+    The state machine is realized with one label per state (prefixed with
+    "scan_number_") and `goto` statements between them. The state machine
+    contains cycles, but any cycle can be left when EOF is read. Therefore,
+    the function is guaranteed to terminate.
+
+    During scanning, the read bytes are stored in token_buffer. This string is
+    then converted to a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a
+    floating-point number.
+
+    @return token_type::value_unsigned, token_type::value_integer, or
+            token_type::value_float if number could be successfully scanned,
+            token_type::parse_error otherwise
+
+    @note The scanner is independent of the current locale. Internally, the
+          locale's decimal point is used instead of `.` to work with the
+          locale-dependent converters.
     */
-    bool get_cbor_object(const std::size_t len)
+    token_type scan_number()  // lgtm [cpp/use-of-goto]
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_object(len)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+        // reset token_buffer to store the number's bytes
+        reset();
 
-        string_t key;
-        if (len != std::size_t(-1))
+        // the type of the parsed number; initially set to unsigned; will be
+        // changed if minus sign, decimal point or exponent is read
+        token_type number_type = token_type::value_unsigned;
+
+        // state (init): we just found out we need to scan a number
+        switch (current)
         {
-            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+            case '-':
             {
-                get();
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_cbor_string(key) or not sax->key(key)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_minus;
+            }
 
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_cbor_internal()))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                key.clear();
+            case '0':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_zero;
+            }
+
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any1;
             }
+
+            // all other characters are rejected outside scan_number()
+            default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
-        else
+
+scan_number_minus:
+        // state: we just parsed a leading minus sign
+        number_type = token_type::value_integer;
+        switch (get())
         {
-            while (get() != 0xFF)
+            case '0':
             {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_cbor_string(key) or not sax->key(key)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_cbor_internal()))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                key.clear();
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_zero;
             }
-        }
 
-        return sax->end_object();
-    }
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any1;
+            }
 
-    /////////////
-    // MsgPack //
-    /////////////
+            default:
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '-'";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+            }
+        }
 
-    /*!
-    @return whether a valid MessagePack value was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_msgpack_internal()
-    {
+scan_number_zero:
+        // state: we just parse a zero (maybe with a leading minus sign)
         switch (get())
         {
-            // EOF
-            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::msgpack, "value");
-
-            // positive fixint
-            case 0x00:
-            case 0x01:
-            case 0x02:
-            case 0x03:
-            case 0x04:
-            case 0x05:
-            case 0x06:
-            case 0x07:
-            case 0x08:
-            case 0x09:
-            case 0x0A:
-            case 0x0B:
-            case 0x0C:
-            case 0x0D:
-            case 0x0E:
-            case 0x0F:
-            case 0x10:
-            case 0x11:
-            case 0x12:
-            case 0x13:
-            case 0x14:
-            case 0x15:
-            case 0x16:
-            case 0x17:
-            case 0x18:
-            case 0x19:
-            case 0x1A:
-            case 0x1B:
-            case 0x1C:
-            case 0x1D:
-            case 0x1E:
-            case 0x1F:
-            case 0x20:
-            case 0x21:
-            case 0x22:
-            case 0x23:
-            case 0x24:
-            case 0x25:
-            case 0x26:
-            case 0x27:
-            case 0x28:
-            case 0x29:
-            case 0x2A:
-            case 0x2B:
-            case 0x2C:
-            case 0x2D:
-            case 0x2E:
-            case 0x2F:
-            case 0x30:
-            case 0x31:
-            case 0x32:
-            case 0x33:
-            case 0x34:
-            case 0x35:
-            case 0x36:
-            case 0x37:
-            case 0x38:
-            case 0x39:
-            case 0x3A:
-            case 0x3B:
-            case 0x3C:
-            case 0x3D:
-            case 0x3E:
-            case 0x3F:
-            case 0x40:
-            case 0x41:
-            case 0x42:
-            case 0x43:
-            case 0x44:
-            case 0x45:
-            case 0x46:
-            case 0x47:
-            case 0x48:
-            case 0x49:
-            case 0x4A:
-            case 0x4B:
-            case 0x4C:
-            case 0x4D:
-            case 0x4E:
-            case 0x4F:
-            case 0x50:
-            case 0x51:
-            case 0x52:
-            case 0x53:
-            case 0x54:
-            case 0x55:
-            case 0x56:
-            case 0x57:
-            case 0x58:
-            case 0x59:
-            case 0x5A:
-            case 0x5B:
-            case 0x5C:
-            case 0x5D:
-            case 0x5E:
-            case 0x5F:
-            case 0x60:
-            case 0x61:
-            case 0x62:
-            case 0x63:
-            case 0x64:
-            case 0x65:
-            case 0x66:
-            case 0x67:
-            case 0x68:
-            case 0x69:
-            case 0x6A:
-            case 0x6B:
-            case 0x6C:
-            case 0x6D:
-            case 0x6E:
-            case 0x6F:
-            case 0x70:
-            case 0x71:
-            case 0x72:
-            case 0x73:
-            case 0x74:
-            case 0x75:
-            case 0x76:
-            case 0x77:
-            case 0x78:
-            case 0x79:
-            case 0x7A:
-            case 0x7B:
-            case 0x7C:
-            case 0x7D:
-            case 0x7E:
-            case 0x7F:
-                return sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(current));
-
-            // fixmap
-            case 0x80:
-            case 0x81:
-            case 0x82:
-            case 0x83:
-            case 0x84:
-            case 0x85:
-            case 0x86:
-            case 0x87:
-            case 0x88:
-            case 0x89:
-            case 0x8A:
-            case 0x8B:
-            case 0x8C:
-            case 0x8D:
-            case 0x8E:
-            case 0x8F:
-                return get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x0Fu));
-
-            // fixarray
-            case 0x90:
-            case 0x91:
-            case 0x92:
-            case 0x93:
-            case 0x94:
-            case 0x95:
-            case 0x96:
-            case 0x97:
-            case 0x98:
-            case 0x99:
-            case 0x9A:
-            case 0x9B:
-            case 0x9C:
-            case 0x9D:
-            case 0x9E:
-            case 0x9F:
-                return get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x0Fu));
-
-            // fixstr
-            case 0xA0:
-            case 0xA1:
-            case 0xA2:
-            case 0xA3:
-            case 0xA4:
-            case 0xA5:
-            case 0xA6:
-            case 0xA7:
-            case 0xA8:
-            case 0xA9:
-            case 0xAA:
-            case 0xAB:
-            case 0xAC:
-            case 0xAD:
-            case 0xAE:
-            case 0xAF:
-            case 0xB0:
-            case 0xB1:
-            case 0xB2:
-            case 0xB3:
-            case 0xB4:
-            case 0xB5:
-            case 0xB6:
-            case 0xB7:
-            case 0xB8:
-            case 0xB9:
-            case 0xBA:
-            case 0xBB:
-            case 0xBC:
-            case 0xBD:
-            case 0xBE:
-            case 0xBF:
-            case 0xD9: // str 8
-            case 0xDA: // str 16
-            case 0xDB: // str 32
+            case '.':
             {
-                string_t s;
-                return get_msgpack_string(s) and sax->string(s);
+                add(decimal_point_char);
+                goto scan_number_decimal1;
             }
 
-            case 0xC0: // nil
-                return sax->null();
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_exponent;
+            }
 
-            case 0xC2: // false
-                return sax->boolean(false);
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
+        }
 
-            case 0xC3: // true
-                return sax->boolean(true);
-
-            case 0xC4: // bin 8
-            case 0xC5: // bin 16
-            case 0xC6: // bin 32
-            case 0xC7: // ext 8
-            case 0xC8: // ext 16
-            case 0xC9: // ext 32
-            case 0xD4: // fixext 1
-            case 0xD5: // fixext 2
-            case 0xD6: // fixext 4
-            case 0xD7: // fixext 8
-            case 0xD8: // fixext 16
+scan_number_any1:
+        // state: we just parsed a number 0-9 (maybe with a leading minus sign)
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
             {
-                binary_t b;
-                return get_msgpack_binary(b) and sax->binary(b);
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any1;
             }
 
-            case 0xCA: // float 32
+            case '.':
             {
-                float number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+                add(decimal_point_char);
+                goto scan_number_decimal1;
             }
 
-            case 0xCB: // float 64
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
             {
-                double number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_exponent;
             }
 
-            case 0xCC: // uint 8
-            {
-                std::uint8_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
-            }
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
+        }
 
-            case 0xCD: // uint 16
+scan_number_decimal1:
+        // state: we just parsed a decimal point
+        number_type = token_type::value_float;
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
             {
-                std::uint16_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_decimal2;
             }
 
-            case 0xCE: // uint 32
+            default:
             {
-                std::uint32_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
+                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '.'";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
             }
+        }
 
-            case 0xCF: // uint 64
+scan_number_decimal2:
+        // we just parsed at least one number after a decimal point
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
             {
-                std::uint64_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_decimal2;
             }
 
-            case 0xD0: // int 8
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
             {
-                std::int8_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_exponent;
             }
 
-            case 0xD1: // int 16
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
+        }
+
+scan_number_exponent:
+        // we just parsed an exponent
+        number_type = token_type::value_float;
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '+':
+            case '-':
             {
-                std::int16_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_sign;
             }
 
-            case 0xD2: // int 32
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
             {
-                std::int32_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any2;
             }
 
-            case 0xD3: // int 64
+            default:
             {
-                std::int64_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
+                error_message =
+                    "invalid number; expected '+', '-', or digit after exponent";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
             }
+        }
 
-            case 0xDC: // array 16
+scan_number_sign:
+        // we just parsed an exponent sign
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
             {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any2;
             }
 
-            case 0xDD: // array 32
+            default:
             {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after exponent sign";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
             }
+        }
 
-            case 0xDE: // map 16
+scan_number_any2:
+        // we just parsed a number after the exponent or exponent sign
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
             {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any2;
             }
 
-            case 0xDF: // map 32
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
+        }
+
+scan_number_done:
+        // unget the character after the number (we only read it to know that
+        // we are done scanning a number)
+        unget();
+
+        char* endptr = nullptr;
+        errno = 0;
+
+        // try to parse integers first and fall back to floats
+        if (number_type == token_type::value_unsigned)
+        {
+            const auto x = std::strtoull(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
+
+            // we checked the number format before
+            JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+
+            if (errno == 0)
             {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+                value_unsigned = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(x);
+                if (value_unsigned == x)
+                {
+                    return token_type::value_unsigned;
+                }
             }
+        }
+        else if (number_type == token_type::value_integer)
+        {
+            const auto x = std::strtoll(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
 
-            // negative fixint
-            case 0xE0:
-            case 0xE1:
-            case 0xE2:
-            case 0xE3:
-            case 0xE4:
-            case 0xE5:
-            case 0xE6:
-            case 0xE7:
-            case 0xE8:
-            case 0xE9:
-            case 0xEA:
-            case 0xEB:
-            case 0xEC:
-            case 0xED:
-            case 0xEE:
-            case 0xEF:
-            case 0xF0:
-            case 0xF1:
-            case 0xF2:
-            case 0xF3:
-            case 0xF4:
-            case 0xF5:
-            case 0xF6:
-            case 0xF7:
-            case 0xF8:
-            case 0xF9:
-            case 0xFA:
-            case 0xFB:
-            case 0xFC:
-            case 0xFD:
-            case 0xFE:
-            case 0xFF:
-                return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(current));
+            // we checked the number format before
+            JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
 
-            default: // anything else
+            if (errno == 0)
             {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::msgpack, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
+                value_integer = static_cast<number_integer_t>(x);
+                if (value_integer == x)
+                {
+                    return token_type::value_integer;
+                }
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a MessagePack string
+        // this code is reached if we parse a floating-point number or if an
+        // integer conversion above failed
+        strtof(value_float, token_buffer.data(), &endptr);
 
-    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
+        // we checked the number format before
+        JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
 
-    @param[out] result  created string
+        return token_type::value_float;
+    }
 
-    @return whether string creation completed
+    /*!
+    @param[in] literal_text  the literal text to expect
+    @param[in] length        the length of the passed literal text
+    @param[in] return_type   the token type to return on success
     */
-    bool get_msgpack_string(string_t& result)
-    {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::msgpack, "string")))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        switch (current)
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    token_type scan_literal(const char_type* literal_text, const std::size_t length,
+                            token_type return_type)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current) == literal_text[0]);
+        for (std::size_t i = 1; i < length; ++i)
         {
-            // fixstr
-            case 0xA0:
-            case 0xA1:
-            case 0xA2:
-            case 0xA3:
-            case 0xA4:
-            case 0xA5:
-            case 0xA6:
-            case 0xA7:
-            case 0xA8:
-            case 0xA9:
-            case 0xAA:
-            case 0xAB:
-            case 0xAC:
-            case 0xAD:
-            case 0xAE:
-            case 0xAF:
-            case 0xB0:
-            case 0xB1:
-            case 0xB2:
-            case 0xB3:
-            case 0xB4:
-            case 0xB5:
-            case 0xB6:
-            case 0xB7:
-            case 0xB8:
-            case 0xB9:
-            case 0xBA:
-            case 0xBB:
-            case 0xBC:
-            case 0xBD:
-            case 0xBE:
-            case 0xBF:
-            {
-                return get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
-            }
-
-            case 0xD9: // str 8
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 0xDA: // str 16
-            {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 0xDB: // str 32
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
-            }
-
-            default:
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(get()) != literal_text[i]))
             {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::msgpack, "expected length specification (0xA0-0xBF, 0xD9-0xDB); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "string")));
+                error_message = "invalid literal";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
             }
         }
+        return return_type;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a MessagePack byte array
+    /////////////////////
+    // input management
+    /////////////////////
 
-    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into a byte array.
+    /// reset token_buffer; current character is beginning of token
+    void reset() noexcept
+    {
+        token_buffer.clear();
+        token_string.clear();
+        token_string.push_back(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+    }
 
-    @param[out] result  created byte array
+    /*
+    @brief get next character from the input
 
-    @return whether byte array creation completed
+    This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
+    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a
+    `std::char_traits<char>::eof()` in that case.  Stores the scanned characters
+    for use in error messages.
+
+    @return character read from the input
     */
-    bool get_msgpack_binary(binary_t& result)
+    char_int_type get()
     {
-        // helper function to set the subtype
-        auto assign_and_return_true = [&result](std::int8_t subtype)
-        {
-            result.set_subtype(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(subtype));
-            return true;
-        };
+        ++position.chars_read_total;
+        ++position.chars_read_current_line;
 
-        switch (current)
+        if (next_unget)
         {
-            case 0xC4: // bin 8
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 0xC5: // bin 16
-            {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 0xC6: // bin 32
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 0xC7: // ext 8
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and
-                       get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xC8: // ext 16
-            {
-                std::uint16_t len;
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and
-                       get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xC9: // ext 32
-            {
-                std::uint32_t len;
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) and
-                       get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xD4: // fixext 1
-            {
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 1, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xD5: // fixext 2
-            {
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 2, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xD6: // fixext 4
-            {
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 4, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xD7: // fixext 8
-            {
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 8, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            case 0xD8: // fixext 16
-            {
-                std::int8_t subtype;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) and
-                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 16, result) and
-                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
-            }
-
-            default:           // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                return false;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            // just reset the next_unget variable and work with current
+            next_unget = false;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            current = ia.get_character();
         }
-    }
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] len  the length of the array
-    @return whether array creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_msgpack_array(const std::size_t len)
-    {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_array(len)))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
         {
-            return false;
+            token_string.push_back(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
         }
 
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+        if (current == '\n')
         {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_msgpack_internal()))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+            ++position.lines_read;
+            position.chars_read_current_line = 0;
         }
 
-        return sax->end_array();
+        return current;
     }
 
     /*!
-    @param[in] len  the length of the object
-    @return whether object creation completed
+    @brief unget current character (read it again on next get)
+
+    We implement unget by setting variable next_unget to true. The input is not
+    changed - we just simulate ungetting by modifying chars_read_total,
+    chars_read_current_line, and token_string. The next call to get() will
+    behave as if the unget character is read again.
     */
-    bool get_msgpack_object(const std::size_t len)
+    void unget()
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_object(len)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+        next_unget = true;
 
-        string_t key;
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+        --position.chars_read_total;
+
+        // in case we "unget" a newline, we have to also decrement the lines_read
+        if (position.chars_read_current_line == 0)
         {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_msgpack_string(key) or not sax->key(key)))
+            if (position.lines_read > 0)
             {
-                return false;
+                --position.lines_read;
             }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            --position.chars_read_current_line;
+        }
 
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_msgpack_internal()))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-            key.clear();
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+        {
+            JSON_ASSERT(!token_string.empty());
+            token_string.pop_back();
         }
+    }
 
-        return sax->end_object();
+    /// add a character to token_buffer
+    void add(char_int_type c)
+    {
+        token_buffer.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(c));
     }
 
-    ////////////
-    // UBJSON //
-    ////////////
+  public:
+    /////////////////////
+    // value getters
+    /////////////////////
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] get_char  whether a new character should be retrieved from the
-                         input (true, default) or whether the last read
-                         character should be considered instead
+    /// return integer value
+    constexpr number_integer_t get_number_integer() const noexcept
+    {
+        return value_integer;
+    }
 
-    @return whether a valid UBJSON value was passed to the SAX parser
-    */
-    bool parse_ubjson_internal(const bool get_char = true)
+    /// return unsigned integer value
+    constexpr number_unsigned_t get_number_unsigned() const noexcept
     {
-        return get_ubjson_value(get_char ? get_ignore_noop() : current);
+        return value_unsigned;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a UBJSON string
+    /// return floating-point value
+    constexpr number_float_t get_number_float() const noexcept
+    {
+        return value_float;
+    }
 
-    This function is either called after reading the 'S' byte explicitly
-    indicating a string, or in case of an object key where the 'S' byte can be
-    left out.
-
-    @param[out] result   created string
-    @param[in] get_char  whether a new character should be retrieved from the
-                         input (true, default) or whether the last read
-                         character should be considered instead
-
-    @return whether string creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_ubjson_string(string_t& result, const bool get_char = true)
+    /// return current string value (implicitly resets the token; useful only once)
+    string_t& get_string()
     {
-        if (get_char)
-        {
-            get();  // TODO(niels): may we ignore N here?
-        }
-
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "value")))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        switch (current)
-        {
-            case 'U':
-            {
-                std::uint8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) and get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 'i':
-            {
-                std::int8_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) and get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 'I':
-            {
-                std::int16_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) and get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
-            }
-
-            case 'l':
-            {
-                std::int32_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) and get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
-            }
+        return token_buffer;
+    }
 
-            case 'L':
-            {
-                std::int64_t len;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) and get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
-            }
+    /////////////////////
+    // diagnostics
+    /////////////////////
 
-            default:
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "expected length type specification (U, i, I, l, L); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "string")));
-        }
+    /// return position of last read token
+    constexpr position_t get_position() const noexcept
+    {
+        return position;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @param[out] result  determined size
-    @return whether size determination completed
-    */
-    bool get_ubjson_size_value(std::size_t& result)
+    /// return the last read token (for errors only).  Will never contain EOF
+    /// (an arbitrary value that is not a valid char value, often -1), because
+    /// 255 may legitimately occur.  May contain NUL, which should be escaped.
+    std::string get_token_string() const
     {
-        switch (get_ignore_noop())
+        // escape control characters
+        std::string result;
+        for (const auto c : token_string)
         {
-            case 'U':
-            {
-                std::uint8_t number;
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            case 'i':
-            {
-                std::int8_t number;
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            case 'I':
-            {
-                std::int16_t number;
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            case 'l':
-            {
-                std::int32_t number;
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            case 'L':
+            if (static_cast<unsigned char>(c) <= '\x1F')
             {
-                std::int64_t number;
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
-                return true;
+                // escape control characters
+                std::array<char, 9> cs{{}};
+                (std::snprintf)(cs.data(), cs.size(), "<U+%.4X>", static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
+                result += cs.data();
             }
-
-            default:
+            else
             {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "expected length type specification (U, i, I, l, L) after '#'; last byte: 0x" + last_token, "size")));
+                // add character as is
+                result.push_back(static_cast<std::string::value_type>(c));
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief determine the type and size for a container
+        return result;
+    }
 
-    In the optimized UBJSON format, a type and a size can be provided to allow
-    for a more compact representation.
+    /// return syntax error message
+    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+    constexpr const char* get_error_message() const noexcept
+    {
+        return error_message;
+    }
 
-    @param[out] result  pair of the size and the type
+    /////////////////////
+    // actual scanner
+    /////////////////////
 
-    @return whether pair creation completed
+    /*!
+    @brief skip the UTF-8 byte order mark
+    @return true iff there is no BOM or the correct BOM has been skipped
     */
-    bool get_ubjson_size_type(std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type>& result)
+    bool skip_bom()
     {
-        result.first = string_t::npos; // size
-        result.second = 0; // type
-
-        get_ignore_noop();
-
-        if (current == '$')
-        {
-            result.second = get();  // must not ignore 'N', because 'N' maybe the type
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "type")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            get_ignore_noop();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current != '#'))
-            {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "value")))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "expected '#' after type information; last byte: 0x" + last_token, "size")));
-            }
-
-            return get_ubjson_size_value(result.first);
-        }
-
-        if (current == '#')
+        if (get() == 0xEF)
         {
-            return get_ubjson_size_value(result.first);
+            // check if we completely parse the BOM
+            return get() == 0xBB && get() == 0xBF;
         }
 
+        // the first character is not the beginning of the BOM; unget it to
+        // process is later
+        unget();
         return true;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @param prefix  the previously read or set type prefix
-    @return whether value creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_ubjson_value(const char_int_type prefix)
+    void skip_whitespace()
     {
-        switch (prefix)
+        do
         {
-            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():  // EOF
-                return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "value");
+            get();
+        }
+        while (current == ' ' || current == '\t' || current == '\n' || current == '\r');
+    }
 
-            case 'T':  // true
-                return sax->boolean(true);
-            case 'F':  // false
-                return sax->boolean(false);
+    token_type scan()
+    {
+        // initially, skip the BOM
+        if (position.chars_read_total == 0 && !skip_bom())
+        {
+            error_message = "invalid BOM; must be 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF if given";
+            return token_type::parse_error;
+        }
 
-            case 'Z':  // null
-                return sax->null();
+        // read next character and ignore whitespace
+        skip_whitespace();
 
-            case 'U':
+        // ignore comments
+        while (ignore_comments && current == '/')
+        {
+            if (!scan_comment())
             {
-                std::uint8_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_unsigned(number);
+                return token_type::parse_error;
             }
 
-            case 'i':
-            {
-                std::int8_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
-            }
+            // skip following whitespace
+            skip_whitespace();
+        }
 
-            case 'I':
-            {
-                std::int16_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
-            }
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            // structural characters
+            case '[':
+                return token_type::begin_array;
+            case ']':
+                return token_type::end_array;
+            case '{':
+                return token_type::begin_object;
+            case '}':
+                return token_type::end_object;
+            case ':':
+                return token_type::name_separator;
+            case ',':
+                return token_type::value_separator;
 
-            case 'l':
+            // literals
+            case 't':
             {
-                std::int32_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
+                std::array<char_type, 4> true_literal = {{'t', 'r', 'u', 'e'}};
+                return scan_literal(true_literal.data(), true_literal.size(), token_type::literal_true);
             }
-
-            case 'L':
+            case 'f':
             {
-                std::int64_t number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_integer(number);
+                std::array<char_type, 5> false_literal = {{'f', 'a', 'l', 's', 'e'}};
+                return scan_literal(false_literal.data(), false_literal.size(), token_type::literal_false);
             }
-
-            case 'd':
+            case 'n':
             {
-                float number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+                std::array<char_type, 4> null_literal = {{'n', 'u', 'l', 'l'}};
+                return scan_literal(null_literal.data(), null_literal.size(), token_type::literal_null);
             }
 
-            case 'D':
-            {
-                double number;
-                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) and sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
-            }
+            // string
+            case '\"':
+                return scan_string();
 
-            case 'C':  // char
-            {
-                get();
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "char")))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current > 127))
-                {
-                    auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                    return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "byte after 'C' must be in range 0x00..0x7F; last byte: 0x" + last_token, "char")));
-                }
-                string_t s(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current));
-                return sax->string(s);
-            }
-
-            case 'S':  // string
-            {
-                string_t s;
-                return get_ubjson_string(s) and sax->string(s);
-            }
-
-            case '[':  // array
-                return get_ubjson_array();
+            // number
+            case '-':
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+                return scan_number();
 
-            case '{':  // object
-                return get_ubjson_object();
+            // end of input (the null byte is needed when parsing from
+            // string literals)
+            case '\0':
+            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                return token_type::end_of_input;
 
-            default: // anything else
-            {
-                auto last_token = get_token_string();
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
-            }
+            // error
+            default:
+                error_message = "invalid literal";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
         }
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @return whether array creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_ubjson_array()
-    {
-        std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+  private:
+    /// input adapter
+    InputAdapterType ia;
 
-        if (size_and_type.first != string_t::npos)
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_array(size_and_type.first)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+    /// whether comments should be ignored (true) or signaled as errors (false)
+    const bool ignore_comments = false;
 
-            if (size_and_type.second != 0)
-            {
-                if (size_and_type.second != 'N')
-                {
-                    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
-                    {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
-                        {
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_ubjson_internal()))
-                    {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_array(std::size_t(-1))))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+    /// the current character
+    char_int_type current = std::char_traits<char_type>::eof();
 
-            while (current != ']')
-            {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_ubjson_internal(false)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                get_ignore_noop();
-            }
-        }
+    /// whether the next get() call should just return current
+    bool next_unget = false;
 
-        return sax->end_array();
-    }
+    /// the start position of the current token
+    position_t position {};
 
-    /*!
-    @return whether object creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_ubjson_object()
-    {
-        std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type)))
-        {
-            return false;
-        }
+    /// raw input token string (for error messages)
+    std::vector<char_type> token_string {};
 
-        string_t key;
-        if (size_and_type.first != string_t::npos)
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_object(size_and_type.first)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+    /// buffer for variable-length tokens (numbers, strings)
+    string_t token_buffer {};
 
-            if (size_and_type.second != 0)
-            {
-                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_string(key) or not sax->key(key)))
-                    {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
-                    {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    key.clear();
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_string(key) or not sax->key(key)))
-                    {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_ubjson_internal()))
-                    {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    key.clear();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_object(std::size_t(-1))))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+    /// a description of occurred lexer errors
+    const char* error_message = "";
 
-            while (current != '}')
-            {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not get_ubjson_string(key, false) or not sax->key(key)))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not parse_ubjson_internal()))
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                get_ignore_noop();
-                key.clear();
-            }
-        }
+    // number values
+    number_integer_t value_integer = 0;
+    number_unsigned_t value_unsigned = 0;
+    number_float_t value_float = 0;
 
-        return sax->end_object();
-    }
+    /// the decimal point
+    const char_int_type decimal_point_char = '.';
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace nlohmann
 
-    // Note, no reader for UBJSON binary types is implemented because they do
-    // not exist
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
-    ///////////////////////
-    // Utility functions //
-    ///////////////////////
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/is_sax.hpp>
 
-    /*!
-    @brief get next character from the input
 
-    This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
-    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a -'ve valued
-    `std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()` in that case.
+#include <cstdint> // size_t
+#include <utility> // declval
+#include <string> // string
 
-    @return character read from the input
-    */
-    char_int_type get()
-    {
-        ++chars_read;
-        return current = ia.get_character();
-    }
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
 
-    /*!
-    @return character read from the input after ignoring all 'N' entries
-    */
-    char_int_type get_ignore_noop()
-    {
-        do
-        {
-            get();
-        }
-        while (current == 'N');
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
 
-        return current;
-    }
 
-    /*
-    @brief read a number from the input
+namespace nlohmann
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+template<typename T>
+using null_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().null());
 
-    @tparam NumberType the type of the number
-    @param[in] format   the current format (for diagnostics)
-    @param[out] result  number of type @a NumberType
+template<typename T>
+using boolean_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().boolean(std::declval<bool>()));
 
-    @return whether conversion completed
+template<typename T, typename Integer>
+using number_integer_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_integer(std::declval<Integer>()));
 
-    @note This function needs to respect the system's endianess, because
-          bytes in CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON are stored in network order
-          (big endian) and therefore need reordering on little endian systems.
-    */
-    template<typename NumberType, bool InputIsLittleEndian = false>
-    bool get_number(const input_format_t format, NumberType& result)
-    {
-        // step 1: read input into array with system's byte order
-        std::array<std::uint8_t, sizeof(NumberType)> vec;
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(NumberType); ++i)
-        {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(format, "number")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+template<typename T, typename Unsigned>
+using number_unsigned_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_unsigned(std::declval<Unsigned>()));
 
-            // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary
-            if (is_little_endian != InputIsLittleEndian)
-            {
-                vec[sizeof(NumberType) - i - 1] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                vec[i] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-            }
-        }
+template<typename T, typename Float, typename String>
+using number_float_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().number_float(
+                                    std::declval<Float>(), std::declval<const String&>()));
 
-        // step 2: convert array into number of type T and return
-        std::memcpy(&result, vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType));
-        return true;
-    }
+template<typename T, typename String>
+using string_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().string(std::declval<String&>()));
 
-    /*!
-    @brief create a string by reading characters from the input
+template<typename T, typename Binary>
+using binary_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().binary(std::declval<Binary&>()));
 
-    @tparam NumberType the type of the number
-    @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
-    @param[in] len number of characters to read
-    @param[out] result string created by reading @a len bytes
+template<typename T>
+using start_object_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().start_object(std::declval<std::size_t>()));
 
-    @return whether string creation completed
+template<typename T, typename String>
+using key_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().key(std::declval<String&>()));
 
-    @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len
-          may be too large. Usually, @ref unexpect_eof() detects the end of
-          the input before we run out of string memory.
-    */
-    template<typename NumberType>
-    bool get_string(const input_format_t format,
-                    const NumberType len,
-                    string_t& result)
-    {
-        bool success = true;
-        std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(result), len, [this, &success, &format]()
-        {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(format, "string")))
-            {
-                success = false;
-            }
-            return std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current);
-        });
-        return success;
-    }
+template<typename T>
+using end_object_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().end_object());
 
-    /*!
-    @brief create a byte array by reading bytes from the input
+template<typename T>
+using start_array_function_t =
+    decltype(std::declval<T&>().start_array(std::declval<std::size_t>()));
 
-    @tparam NumberType the type of the number
-    @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
-    @param[in] len number of bytes to read
-    @param[out] result byte array created by reading @a len bytes
+template<typename T>
+using end_array_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().end_array());
 
-    @return whether byte array creation completed
+template<typename T, typename Exception>
+using parse_error_function_t = decltype(std::declval<T&>().parse_error(
+        std::declval<std::size_t>(), std::declval<const std::string&>(),
+        std::declval<const Exception&>()));
 
-    @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len
-          may be too large. Usually, @ref unexpect_eof() detects the end of
-          the input before we run out of memory.
-    */
-    template<typename NumberType>
-    bool get_binary(const input_format_t format,
-                    const NumberType len,
-                    binary_t& result)
-    {
-        bool success = true;
-        std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(result), len, [this, &success, &format]()
-        {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not unexpect_eof(format, "binary")))
-            {
-                success = false;
-            }
-            return static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current);
-        });
-        return success;
-    }
+template<typename SAX, typename BasicJsonType>
+struct is_sax
+{
+  private:
+    static_assert(is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
+                  "BasicJsonType must be of type basic_json<...>");
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] format   the current format (for diagnostics)
-    @param[in] context  further context information (for diagnostics)
-    @return whether the last read character is not EOF
-    */
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
-    bool unexpect_eof(const input_format_t format, const char* context) const
-    {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current == std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
-        {
-            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, "<end of file>",
-                                    parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "unexpected end of input", context)));
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using exception_t = typename BasicJsonType::exception;
+
+  public:
+    static constexpr bool value =
+        is_detected_exact<bool, null_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, number_integer_function_t, SAX, number_integer_t>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, number_unsigned_function_t, SAX, number_unsigned_t>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, number_float_function_t, SAX, number_float_t, string_t>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, string_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, binary_function_t, SAX, binary_t>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, start_object_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, key_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, end_object_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, start_array_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, end_array_function_t, SAX>::value &&
+        is_detected_exact<bool, parse_error_function_t, SAX, exception_t>::value;
+};
+
+template<typename SAX, typename BasicJsonType>
+struct is_sax_static_asserts
+{
+  private:
+    static_assert(is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value,
+                  "BasicJsonType must be of type basic_json<...>");
+
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using exception_t = typename BasicJsonType::exception;
+
+  public:
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, null_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool null()");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool boolean(bool)");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, boolean_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool boolean(bool)");
+    static_assert(
+        is_detected_exact<bool, number_integer_function_t, SAX,
+        number_integer_t>::value,
+        "Missing/invalid function: bool number_integer(number_integer_t)");
+    static_assert(
+        is_detected_exact<bool, number_unsigned_function_t, SAX,
+        number_unsigned_t>::value,
+        "Missing/invalid function: bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t)");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, number_float_function_t, SAX,
+                  number_float_t, string_t>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool number_float(number_float_t, const string_t&)");
+    static_assert(
+        is_detected_exact<bool, string_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value,
+        "Missing/invalid function: bool string(string_t&)");
+    static_assert(
+        is_detected_exact<bool, binary_function_t, SAX, binary_t>::value,
+        "Missing/invalid function: bool binary(binary_t&)");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, start_object_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool start_object(std::size_t)");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, key_function_t, SAX, string_t>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool key(string_t&)");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, end_object_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool end_object()");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, start_array_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool start_array(std::size_t)");
+    static_assert(is_detected_exact<bool, end_array_function_t, SAX>::value,
+                  "Missing/invalid function: bool end_array()");
+    static_assert(
+        is_detected_exact<bool, parse_error_function_t, SAX, exception_t>::value,
+        "Missing/invalid function: bool parse_error(std::size_t, const "
+        "std::string&, const exception&)");
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace nlohmann
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+namespace nlohmann
+{
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// how to treat CBOR tags
+enum class cbor_tag_handler_t
+{
+    error,  ///< throw a parse_error exception in case of a tag
+    ignore   ///< ignore tags
+};
+
+/*!
+@brief determine system byte order
+
+@return true if and only if system's byte order is little endian
+
+@note from https://stackoverflow.com/a/1001328/266378
+*/
+static inline bool little_endianess(int num = 1) noexcept
+{
+    return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num) == 1;
+}
+
+
+///////////////////
+// binary reader //
+///////////////////
+
+/*!
+@brief deserialization of CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON values
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType, typename SAX = json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType>>
+class binary_reader
+{
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using json_sax_t = SAX;
+    using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
+    using char_int_type = typename std::char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
 
+  public:
     /*!
-    @return a string representation of the last read byte
+    @brief create a binary reader
+
+    @param[in] adapter  input adapter to read from
     */
-    std::string get_token_string() const
+    explicit binary_reader(InputAdapterType&& adapter) : ia(std::move(adapter))
     {
-        std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
-        (std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(current));
-        return std::string{cr.data()};
+        (void)detail::is_sax_static_asserts<SAX, BasicJsonType> {};
     }
 
+    // make class move-only
+    binary_reader(const binary_reader&) = delete;
+    binary_reader(binary_reader&&) = default;
+    binary_reader& operator=(const binary_reader&) = delete;
+    binary_reader& operator=(binary_reader&&) = default;
+    ~binary_reader() = default;
+
     /*!
-    @param[in] format   the current format
-    @param[in] detail   a detailed error message
-    @param[in] context  further context information
-    @return a message string to use in the parse_error exceptions
+    @param[in] format  the binary format to parse
+    @param[in] sax_    a SAX event processor
+    @param[in] strict  whether to expect the input to be consumed completed
+    @param[in] tag_handler  how to treat CBOR tags
+
+    @return
     */
-    std::string exception_message(const input_format_t format,
-                                  const std::string& detail,
-                                  const std::string& context) const
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    bool sax_parse(const input_format_t format,
+                   json_sax_t* sax_,
+                   const bool strict = true,
+                   const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
-        std::string error_msg = "syntax error while parsing ";
+        sax = sax_;
+        bool result = false;
 
         switch (format)
         {
+            case input_format_t::bson:
+                result = parse_bson_internal();
+                break;
+
             case input_format_t::cbor:
-                error_msg += "CBOR";
+                result = parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler);
                 break;
 
             case input_format_t::msgpack:
-                error_msg += "MessagePack";
+                result = parse_msgpack_internal();
                 break;
 
             case input_format_t::ubjson:
-                error_msg += "UBJSON";
-                break;
-
-            case input_format_t::bson:
-                error_msg += "BSON";
+                result = parse_ubjson_internal();
                 break;
 
             default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
 
-        return error_msg + " " + context + ": " + detail;
-    }
-
-  private:
-    /// input adapter
-    InputAdapterType ia;
-
-    /// the current character
-    char_int_type current = std::char_traits<char_type>::eof();
-
-    /// the number of characters read
-    std::size_t chars_read = 0;
-
-    /// whether we can assume little endianess
-    const bool is_little_endian = little_endianess();
-
-    /// the SAX parser
-    json_sax_t* sax = nullptr;
-};
-}  // namespace detail
-}  // namespace nlohmann
-
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
-
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
-
-
-#include <array> // array
-#include <clocale> // localeconv
-#include <cstddef> // size_t
-#include <cstdio> // snprintf
-#include <cstdlib> // strtof, strtod, strtold, strtoll, strtoull
-#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
-#include <string> // char_traits, string
-#include <utility> // move
-#include <vector> // vector
-
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
-
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
+        // strict mode: next byte must be EOF
+        if (result && strict)
+        {
+            if (format == input_format_t::ubjson)
+            {
+                get_ignore_noop();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                get();
+            }
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+            {
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(),
+                                        parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "expected end of input; last byte: 0x" + get_token_string(), "value")));
+            }
+        }
 
+        return result;
+    }
 
-namespace nlohmann
-{
-namespace detail
-{
-///////////
-// lexer //
-///////////
+  private:
+    //////////
+    // BSON //
+    //////////
 
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-class lexer_base
-{
-  public:
-    /// token types for the parser
-    enum class token_type
+    /*!
+    @brief Reads in a BSON-object and passes it to the SAX-parser.
+    @return whether a valid BSON-value was passed to the SAX parser
+    */
+    bool parse_bson_internal()
     {
-        uninitialized,    ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized
-        literal_true,     ///< the `true` literal
-        literal_false,    ///< the `false` literal
-        literal_null,     ///< the `null` literal
-        value_string,     ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value
-        value_unsigned,   ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number_unsigned() for actual value
-        value_integer,    ///< a signed integer -- use get_number_integer() for actual value
-        value_float,      ///< an floating point number -- use get_number_float() for actual value
-        begin_array,      ///< the character for array begin `[`
-        begin_object,     ///< the character for object begin `{`
-        end_array,        ///< the character for array end `]`
-        end_object,       ///< the character for object end `}`
-        name_separator,   ///< the name separator `:`
-        value_separator,  ///< the value separator `,`
-        parse_error,      ///< indicating a parse error
-        end_of_input,     ///< indicating the end of the input buffer
-        literal_or_value  ///< a literal or the begin of a value (only for diagnostics)
-    };
+        std::int32_t document_size{};
+        get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
 
-    /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors)
-    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
-    JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
-    static const char* token_type_name(const token_type t) noexcept
-    {
-        switch (t)
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(std::size_t(-1))))
         {
-            case token_type::uninitialized:
-                return "<uninitialized>";
-            case token_type::literal_true:
-                return "true literal";
-            case token_type::literal_false:
-                return "false literal";
-            case token_type::literal_null:
-                return "null literal";
-            case token_type::value_string:
-                return "string literal";
-            case token_type::value_unsigned:
-            case token_type::value_integer:
-            case token_type::value_float:
-                return "number literal";
-            case token_type::begin_array:
-                return "'['";
-            case token_type::begin_object:
-                return "'{'";
-            case token_type::end_array:
-                return "']'";
-            case token_type::end_object:
-                return "'}'";
-            case token_type::name_separator:
-                return "':'";
-            case token_type::value_separator:
-                return "','";
-            case token_type::parse_error:
-                return "<parse error>";
-            case token_type::end_of_input:
-                return "end of input";
-            case token_type::literal_or_value:
-                return "'[', '{', or a literal";
-            // LCOV_EXCL_START
-            default: // catch non-enum values
-                return "unknown token";
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+            return false;
         }
-    }
-};
-/*!
-@brief lexical analysis
-
-This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization.
-*/
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
-class lexer : public lexer_base<BasicJsonType>
-{
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
-    using char_int_type = typename std::char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
-
-  public:
-    using token_type = typename lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
-
-    explicit lexer(InputAdapterType&& adapter)
-        : ia(std::move(adapter)), decimal_point_char(static_cast<char_int_type>(get_decimal_point())) {}
-
-    // delete because of pointer members
-    lexer(const lexer&) = delete;
-    lexer(lexer&&) = default;
-    lexer& operator=(lexer&) = delete;
-    lexer& operator=(lexer&&) = default;
-    ~lexer() = default;
 
-  private:
-    /////////////////////
-    // locales
-    /////////////////////
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_bson_element_list(/*is_array*/false)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-    /// return the locale-dependent decimal point
-    JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
-    static char get_decimal_point() noexcept
-    {
-        const auto loc = localeconv();
-        assert(loc != nullptr);
-        return (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : *(loc->decimal_point);
+        return sax->end_object();
     }
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // scan functions
-    /////////////////////
-
     /*!
-    @brief get codepoint from 4 hex characters following `\u`
-
-    For input "\u c1 c2 c3 c4" the codepoint is:
-      (c1 * 0x1000) + (c2 * 0x0100) + (c3 * 0x0010) + c4
-    = (c1 << 12) + (c2 << 8) + (c3 << 4) + (c4 << 0)
-
-    Furthermore, the possible characters '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', and 'a'..'f'
-    must be converted to the integers 0x0..0x9, 0xA..0xF, 0xA..0xF, resp. The
-    conversion is done by subtracting the offset (0x30, 0x37, and 0x57)
-    between the ASCII value of the character and the desired integer value.
-
-    @return codepoint (0x0000..0xFFFF) or -1 in case of an error (e.g. EOF or
-            non-hex character)
+    @brief Parses a C-style string from the BSON input.
+    @param[in, out] result  A reference to the string variable where the read
+                            string is to be stored.
+    @return `true` if the \x00-byte indicating the end of the string was
+             encountered before the EOF; false` indicates an unexpected EOF.
     */
-    int get_codepoint()
+    bool get_bson_cstr(string_t& result)
     {
-        // this function only makes sense after reading `\u`
-        assert(current == 'u');
-        int codepoint = 0;
-
-        const auto factors = { 12u, 8u, 4u, 0u };
-        for (const auto factor : factors)
+        auto out = std::back_inserter(result);
+        while (true)
         {
             get();
-
-            if (current >= '0' and current <= '9')
-            {
-                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x30u) << factor);
-            }
-            else if (current >= 'A' and current <= 'F')
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::bson, "cstring")))
             {
-                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x37u) << factor);
-            }
-            else if (current >= 'a' and current <= 'f')
-            {
-                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x57u) << factor);
+                return false;
             }
-            else
+            if (current == 0x00)
             {
-                return -1;
+                return true;
             }
+            *out++ = static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current);
         }
-
-        assert(0x0000 <= codepoint and codepoint <= 0xFFFF);
-        return codepoint;
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief check if the next byte(s) are inside a given range
+    @brief Parses a zero-terminated string of length @a len from the BSON
+           input.
+    @param[in] len  The length (including the zero-byte at the end) of the
+                    string to be read.
+    @param[in, out] result  A reference to the string variable where the read
+                            string is to be stored.
+    @tparam NumberType The type of the length @a len
+    @pre len >= 1
+    @return `true` if the string was successfully parsed
+    */
+    template<typename NumberType>
+    bool get_bson_string(const NumberType len, string_t& result)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len < 1))
+        {
+            auto last_token = get_token_string();
+            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::bson, "string length must be at least 1, is " + std::to_string(len), "string")));
+        }
 
-    Adds the current byte and, for each passed range, reads a new byte and
-    checks if it is inside the range. If a violation was detected, set up an
-    error message and return false. Otherwise, return true.
+        return get_string(input_format_t::bson, len - static_cast<NumberType>(1), result) && get() != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof();
+    }
 
-    @param[in] ranges  list of integers; interpreted as list of pairs of
-                       inclusive lower and upper bound, respectively
+    /*!
+    @brief Parses a byte array input of length @a len from the BSON input.
+    @param[in] len  The length of the byte array to be read.
+    @param[in, out] result  A reference to the binary variable where the read
+                            array is to be stored.
+    @tparam NumberType The type of the length @a len
+    @pre len >= 0
+    @return `true` if the byte array was successfully parsed
+    */
+    template<typename NumberType>
+    bool get_bson_binary(const NumberType len, binary_t& result)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len < 0))
+        {
+            auto last_token = get_token_string();
+            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::bson, "byte array length cannot be negative, is " + std::to_string(len), "binary")));
+        }
 
-    @pre The passed list @a ranges must have 2, 4, or 6 elements; that is,
-         1, 2, or 3 pairs. This precondition is enforced by an assertion.
+        // All BSON binary values have a subtype
+        std::uint8_t subtype{};
+        get_number<std::uint8_t>(input_format_t::bson, subtype);
+        result.set_subtype(subtype);
 
-    @return true if and only if no range violation was detected
+        return get_binary(input_format_t::bson, len, result);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief Read a BSON document element of the given @a element_type.
+    @param[in] element_type The BSON element type, c.f. http://bsonspec.org/spec.html
+    @param[in] element_type_parse_position The position in the input stream,
+               where the `element_type` was read.
+    @warning Not all BSON element types are supported yet. An unsupported
+             @a element_type will give rise to a parse_error.114:
+             Unsupported BSON record type 0x...
+    @return whether a valid BSON-object/array was passed to the SAX parser
     */
-    bool next_byte_in_range(std::initializer_list<char_int_type> ranges)
+    bool parse_bson_element_internal(const char_int_type element_type,
+                                     const std::size_t element_type_parse_position)
     {
-        assert(ranges.size() == 2 or ranges.size() == 4 or ranges.size() == 6);
-        add(current);
-
-        for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); ++range)
+        switch (element_type)
         {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(*range <= current and current <= *(++range)))
+            case 0x01: // double
             {
-                add(current);
+                double number{};
+                return get_number<double, true>(input_format_t::bson, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
             }
-            else
+
+            case 0x02: // string
             {
-                error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
-                return false;
+                std::int32_t len{};
+                string_t value;
+                return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, len) && get_bson_string(len, value) && sax->string(value);
             }
-        }
 
-        return true;
+            case 0x03: // object
+            {
+                return parse_bson_internal();
+            }
+
+            case 0x04: // array
+            {
+                return parse_bson_array();
+            }
+
+            case 0x05: // binary
+            {
+                std::int32_t len{};
+                binary_t value;
+                return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, len) && get_bson_binary(len, value) && sax->binary(value);
+            }
+
+            case 0x08: // boolean
+            {
+                return sax->boolean(get() != 0);
+            }
+
+            case 0x0A: // null
+            {
+                return sax->null();
+            }
+
+            case 0x10: // int32
+            {
+                std::int32_t value{};
+                return get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_integer(value);
+            }
+
+            case 0x12: // int64
+            {
+                std::int64_t value{};
+                return get_number<std::int64_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_integer(value);
+            }
+
+            default: // anything else not supported (yet)
+            {
+                std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
+                (std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(element_type));
+                return sax->parse_error(element_type_parse_position, std::string(cr.data()), parse_error::create(114, element_type_parse_position, "Unsupported BSON record type 0x" + std::string(cr.data())));
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief scan a string literal
-
-    This function scans a string according to Sect. 7 of RFC 7159. While
-    scanning, bytes are escaped and copied into buffer token_buffer. Then the
-    function returns successfully, token_buffer is *not* null-terminated (as it
-    may contain \0 bytes), and token_buffer.size() is the number of bytes in the
-    string.
+    @brief Read a BSON element list (as specified in the BSON-spec)
 
-    @return token_type::value_string if string could be successfully scanned,
-            token_type::parse_error otherwise
+    The same binary layout is used for objects and arrays, hence it must be
+    indicated with the argument @a is_array which one is expected
+    (true --> array, false --> object).
 
-    @note In case of errors, variable error_message contains a textual
-          description.
+    @param[in] is_array Determines if the element list being read is to be
+                        treated as an object (@a is_array == false), or as an
+                        array (@a is_array == true).
+    @return whether a valid BSON-object/array was passed to the SAX parser
     */
-    token_type scan_string()
+    bool parse_bson_element_list(const bool is_array)
     {
-        // reset token_buffer (ignore opening quote)
-        reset();
-
-        // we entered the function by reading an open quote
-        assert(current == '\"');
+        string_t key;
 
-        while (true)
+        while (auto element_type = get())
         {
-            // get next character
-            switch (get())
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::bson, "element list")))
             {
-                // end of file while parsing string
-                case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: missing closing quote";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+                return false;
+            }
 
-                // closing quote
-                case '\"':
-                {
-                    return token_type::value_string;
-                }
+            const std::size_t element_type_parse_position = chars_read;
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_bson_cstr(key)))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-                // escapes
-                case '\\':
-                {
-                    switch (get())
-                    {
-                        // quotation mark
-                        case '\"':
-                            add('\"');
-                            break;
-                        // reverse solidus
-                        case '\\':
-                            add('\\');
-                            break;
-                        // solidus
-                        case '/':
-                            add('/');
-                            break;
-                        // backspace
-                        case 'b':
-                            add('\b');
-                            break;
-                        // form feed
-                        case 'f':
-                            add('\f');
-                            break;
-                        // line feed
-                        case 'n':
-                            add('\n');
-                            break;
-                        // carriage return
-                        case 'r':
-                            add('\r');
-                            break;
-                        // tab
-                        case 't':
-                            add('\t');
-                            break;
+            if (!is_array && !sax->key(key))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-                        // unicode escapes
-                        case 'u':
-                        {
-                            const int codepoint1 = get_codepoint();
-                            int codepoint = codepoint1; // start with codepoint1
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_bson_element_internal(element_type, element_type_parse_position)))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint1 == -1))
-                            {
-                                error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
-                                return token_type::parse_error;
-                            }
+            // get_bson_cstr only appends
+            key.clear();
+        }
 
-                            // check if code point is a high surrogate
-                            if (0xD800 <= codepoint1 and codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF)
-                            {
-                                // expect next \uxxxx entry
-                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(get() == '\\' and get() == 'u'))
-                                {
-                                    const int codepoint2 = get_codepoint();
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 == -1))
-                                    {
-                                        error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
-                                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                                    }
+    /*!
+    @brief Reads an array from the BSON input and passes it to the SAX-parser.
+    @return whether a valid BSON-array was passed to the SAX parser
+    */
+    bool parse_bson_array()
+    {
+        std::int32_t document_size{};
+        get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
 
-                                    // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate
-                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint2 and codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF))
-                                    {
-                                        // overwrite codepoint
-                                        codepoint = static_cast<int>(
-                                                        // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits
-                                                        (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint1) << 10u)
-                                                        // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits
-                                                        + static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint2)
-                                                        // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00 and 0x10000 noise
-                                                        // in the result so we have to subtract with:
-                                                        // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00
-                                                        - 0x35FDC00u);
-                                    }
-                                    else
-                                    {
-                                        error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
-                                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                else
-                                {
-                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
-                                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                                }
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint1 and codepoint1 <= 0xDFFF))
-                                {
-                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must follow U+D800..U+DBFF";
-                                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                                }
-                            }
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(std::size_t(-1))))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-                            // result of the above calculation yields a proper codepoint
-                            assert(0x00 <= codepoint and codepoint <= 0x10FFFF);
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_bson_element_list(/*is_array*/true)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return sax->end_array();
+    }
+
+    //////////
+    // CBOR //
+    //////////
+
+    /*!
+    @param[in] get_char  whether a new character should be retrieved from the
+                         input (true) or whether the last read character should
+                         be considered instead (false)
+    @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
+
+    @return whether a valid CBOR value was passed to the SAX parser
+    */
+    bool parse_cbor_internal(const bool get_char,
+                             const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
+    {
+        switch (get_char ? get() : current)
+        {
+            // EOF
+            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "value");
+
+            // Integer 0x00..0x17 (0..23)
+            case 0x00:
+            case 0x01:
+            case 0x02:
+            case 0x03:
+            case 0x04:
+            case 0x05:
+            case 0x06:
+            case 0x07:
+            case 0x08:
+            case 0x09:
+            case 0x0A:
+            case 0x0B:
+            case 0x0C:
+            case 0x0D:
+            case 0x0E:
+            case 0x0F:
+            case 0x10:
+            case 0x11:
+            case 0x12:
+            case 0x13:
+            case 0x14:
+            case 0x15:
+            case 0x16:
+            case 0x17:
+                return sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(current));
+
+            case 0x18: // Unsigned integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
+
+            case 0x19: // Unsigned integer (two-byte uint16_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint16_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
+
+            case 0x1A: // Unsigned integer (four-byte uint32_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint32_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
+
+            case 0x1B: // Unsigned integer (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint64_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
+
+            // Negative integer -1-0x00..-1-0x17 (-1..-24)
+            case 0x20:
+            case 0x21:
+            case 0x22:
+            case 0x23:
+            case 0x24:
+            case 0x25:
+            case 0x26:
+            case 0x27:
+            case 0x28:
+            case 0x29:
+            case 0x2A:
+            case 0x2B:
+            case 0x2C:
+            case 0x2D:
+            case 0x2E:
+            case 0x2F:
+            case 0x30:
+            case 0x31:
+            case 0x32:
+            case 0x33:
+            case 0x34:
+            case 0x35:
+            case 0x36:
+            case 0x37:
+                return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(0x20 - 1 - current));
+
+            case 0x38: // Negative integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
+            }
+
+            case 0x39: // Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint16_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
+            }
+
+            case 0x3A: // Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint32_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
+            }
+
+            case 0x3B: // Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
+            {
+                std::uint64_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1)
+                        - static_cast<number_integer_t>(number));
+            }
+
+            // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+            case 0x40:
+            case 0x41:
+            case 0x42:
+            case 0x43:
+            case 0x44:
+            case 0x45:
+            case 0x46:
+            case 0x47:
+            case 0x48:
+            case 0x49:
+            case 0x4A:
+            case 0x4B:
+            case 0x4C:
+            case 0x4D:
+            case 0x4E:
+            case 0x4F:
+            case 0x50:
+            case 0x51:
+            case 0x52:
+            case 0x53:
+            case 0x54:
+            case 0x55:
+            case 0x56:
+            case 0x57:
+            case 0x58: // Binary data (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+            case 0x59: // Binary data (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            case 0x5A: // Binary data (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+            case 0x5B: // Binary data (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+            case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
+            {
+                binary_t b;
+                return get_cbor_binary(b) && sax->binary(b);
+            }
+
+            // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+            case 0x60:
+            case 0x61:
+            case 0x62:
+            case 0x63:
+            case 0x64:
+            case 0x65:
+            case 0x66:
+            case 0x67:
+            case 0x68:
+            case 0x69:
+            case 0x6A:
+            case 0x6B:
+            case 0x6C:
+            case 0x6D:
+            case 0x6E:
+            case 0x6F:
+            case 0x70:
+            case 0x71:
+            case 0x72:
+            case 0x73:
+            case 0x74:
+            case 0x75:
+            case 0x76:
+            case 0x77:
+            case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+            case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+            case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+            case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
+            {
+                string_t s;
+                return get_cbor_string(s) && sax->string(s);
+            }
+
+            // array (0x00..0x17 data items follow)
+            case 0x80:
+            case 0x81:
+            case 0x82:
+            case 0x83:
+            case 0x84:
+            case 0x85:
+            case 0x86:
+            case 0x87:
+            case 0x88:
+            case 0x89:
+            case 0x8A:
+            case 0x8B:
+            case 0x8C:
+            case 0x8D:
+            case 0x8E:
+            case 0x8F:
+            case 0x90:
+            case 0x91:
+            case 0x92:
+            case 0x93:
+            case 0x94:
+            case 0x95:
+            case 0x96:
+            case 0x97:
+                return get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu), tag_handler);
+
+            case 0x98: // array (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0x99: // array (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0x9A: // array (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0x9B: // array (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint64_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0x9F: // array (indefinite length)
+                return get_cbor_array(std::size_t(-1), tag_handler);
+
+            // map (0x00..0x17 pairs of data items follow)
+            case 0xA0:
+            case 0xA1:
+            case 0xA2:
+            case 0xA3:
+            case 0xA4:
+            case 0xA5:
+            case 0xA6:
+            case 0xA7:
+            case 0xA8:
+            case 0xA9:
+            case 0xAA:
+            case 0xAB:
+            case 0xAC:
+            case 0xAD:
+            case 0xAE:
+            case 0xAF:
+            case 0xB0:
+            case 0xB1:
+            case 0xB2:
+            case 0xB3:
+            case 0xB4:
+            case 0xB5:
+            case 0xB6:
+            case 0xB7:
+                return get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu), tag_handler);
+
+            case 0xB8: // map (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0xB9: // map (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0xBA: // map (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0xBB: // map (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint64_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len), tag_handler);
+            }
+
+            case 0xBF: // map (indefinite length)
+                return get_cbor_object(std::size_t(-1), tag_handler);
+
+            case 0xC6: // tagged item
+            case 0xC7:
+            case 0xC8:
+            case 0xC9:
+            case 0xCA:
+            case 0xCB:
+            case 0xCC:
+            case 0xCD:
+            case 0xCE:
+            case 0xCF:
+            case 0xD0:
+            case 0xD1:
+            case 0xD2:
+            case 0xD3:
+            case 0xD4:
+            case 0xD8: // tagged item (1 bytes follow)
+            case 0xD9: // tagged item (2 bytes follow)
+            case 0xDA: // tagged item (4 bytes follow)
+            case 0xDB: // tagged item (8 bytes follow)
+            {
+                switch (tag_handler)
+                {
+                    case cbor_tag_handler_t::error:
+                    {
+                        auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                        return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
+                    }
+
+                    case cbor_tag_handler_t::ignore:
+                    {
+                        switch (current)
+                        {
+                            case 0xD8:
+                            {
+                                std::uint8_t len{};
+                                get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            case 0xD9:
+                            {
+                                std::uint16_t len{};
+                                get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            case 0xDA:
+                            {
+                                std::uint32_t len{};
+                                get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            case 0xDB:
+                            {
+                                std::uint64_t len{};
+                                get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            default:
+                                break;
+                        }
+                        return parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler);
+                    }
+
+                    default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                        JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                }
+            }
+
+            case 0xF4: // false
+                return sax->boolean(false);
+
+            case 0xF5: // true
+                return sax->boolean(true);
+
+            case 0xF6: // null
+                return sax->null();
+
+            case 0xF9: // Half-Precision Float (two-byte IEEE 754)
+            {
+                const auto byte1_raw = get();
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "number")))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                const auto byte2_raw = get();
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "number")))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                const auto byte1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte1_raw);
+                const auto byte2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte2_raw);
+
+                // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
+                // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added
+                // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often
+                // still only have limited support for them. It is very
+                // easy to include at least decoding support for them even
+                // without such support. An example of a small decoder for
+                // half-precision floating-point numbers in the C language
+                // is shown in Fig. 3.
+                const auto half = static_cast<unsigned int>((byte1 << 8u) + byte2);
+                const double val = [&half]
+                {
+                    const int exp = (half >> 10u) & 0x1Fu;
+                    const unsigned int mant = half & 0x3FFu;
+                    JSON_ASSERT(0 <= exp&& exp <= 32);
+                    JSON_ASSERT(mant <= 1024);
+                    switch (exp)
+                    {
+                        case 0:
+                            return std::ldexp(mant, -24);
+                        case 31:
+                            return (mant == 0)
+                            ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
+                            : std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+                        default:
+                            return std::ldexp(mant + 1024, exp - 25);
+                    }
+                }();
+                return sax->number_float((half & 0x8000u) != 0
+                                         ? static_cast<number_float_t>(-val)
+                                         : static_cast<number_float_t>(val), "");
+            }
+
+            case 0xFA: // Single-Precision Float (four-byte IEEE 754)
+            {
+                float number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+            }
+
+            case 0xFB: // Double-Precision Float (eight-byte IEEE 754)
+            {
+                double number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+            }
+
+            default: // anything else (0xFF is handled inside the other types)
+            {
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief reads a CBOR string
+
+    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
+    Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
+
+    @param[out] result  created string
+
+    @return whether string creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+            case 0x60:
+            case 0x61:
+            case 0x62:
+            case 0x63:
+            case 0x64:
+            case 0x65:
+            case 0x66:
+            case 0x67:
+            case 0x68:
+            case 0x69:
+            case 0x6A:
+            case 0x6B:
+            case 0x6C:
+            case 0x6D:
+            case 0x6E:
+            case 0x6F:
+            case 0x70:
+            case 0x71:
+            case 0x72:
+            case 0x73:
+            case 0x74:
+            case 0x75:
+            case 0x76:
+            case 0x77:
+            {
+                return get_string(input_format_t::cbor, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint64_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
+            {
+                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                {
+                    string_t chunk;
+                    if (!get_cbor_string(chunk))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    result.append(chunk);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            default:
+            {
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "expected length specification (0x60-0x7B) or indefinite string type (0x7F); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "string")));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief reads a CBOR byte array
+
+    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
+    Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
+
+    @param[out] result  created byte array
+
+    @return whether byte array creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
+            case 0x40:
+            case 0x41:
+            case 0x42:
+            case 0x43:
+            case 0x44:
+            case 0x45:
+            case 0x46:
+            case 0x47:
+            case 0x48:
+            case 0x49:
+            case 0x4A:
+            case 0x4B:
+            case 0x4C:
+            case 0x4D:
+            case 0x4E:
+            case 0x4F:
+            case 0x50:
+            case 0x51:
+            case 0x52:
+            case 0x53:
+            case 0x54:
+            case 0x55:
+            case 0x56:
+            case 0x57:
+            {
+                return get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x58: // Binary data (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x59: // Binary data (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x5A: // Binary data (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x5B: // Binary data (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
+            {
+                std::uint64_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
+            {
+                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                {
+                    binary_t chunk;
+                    if (!get_cbor_binary(chunk))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    result.insert(result.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            default:
+            {
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "expected length specification (0x40-0x5B) or indefinite binary array type (0x5F); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "binary")));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @param[in] len  the length of the array or std::size_t(-1) for an
+                    array of indefinite size
+    @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
+    @return whether array creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_cbor_array(const std::size_t len,
+                        const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(len)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (len != std::size_t(-1))
+        {
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            while (get() != 0xFF)
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(false, tag_handler)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return sax->end_array();
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @param[in] len  the length of the object or std::size_t(-1) for an
+                    object of indefinite size
+    @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
+    @return whether object creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_cbor_object(const std::size_t len,
+                         const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(len)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        string_t key;
+        if (len != std::size_t(-1))
+        {
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+            {
+                get();
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                key.clear();
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            while (get() != 0xFF)
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_cbor_internal(true, tag_handler)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                key.clear();
+            }
+        }
 
-                            // translate codepoint into bytes
-                            if (codepoint < 0x80)
-                            {
-                                // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII)
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(codepoint));
-                            }
-                            else if (codepoint <= 0x7FF)
-                            {
-                                // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xC0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
-                            }
-                            else if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
-                            {
-                                // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xE0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xF0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 18u)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
-                            }
+        return sax->end_object();
+    }
 
-                            break;
-                        }
+    /////////////
+    // MsgPack //
+    /////////////
+
+    /*!
+    @return whether a valid MessagePack value was passed to the SAX parser
+    */
+    bool parse_msgpack_internal()
+    {
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            // EOF
+            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::msgpack, "value");
+
+            // positive fixint
+            case 0x00:
+            case 0x01:
+            case 0x02:
+            case 0x03:
+            case 0x04:
+            case 0x05:
+            case 0x06:
+            case 0x07:
+            case 0x08:
+            case 0x09:
+            case 0x0A:
+            case 0x0B:
+            case 0x0C:
+            case 0x0D:
+            case 0x0E:
+            case 0x0F:
+            case 0x10:
+            case 0x11:
+            case 0x12:
+            case 0x13:
+            case 0x14:
+            case 0x15:
+            case 0x16:
+            case 0x17:
+            case 0x18:
+            case 0x19:
+            case 0x1A:
+            case 0x1B:
+            case 0x1C:
+            case 0x1D:
+            case 0x1E:
+            case 0x1F:
+            case 0x20:
+            case 0x21:
+            case 0x22:
+            case 0x23:
+            case 0x24:
+            case 0x25:
+            case 0x26:
+            case 0x27:
+            case 0x28:
+            case 0x29:
+            case 0x2A:
+            case 0x2B:
+            case 0x2C:
+            case 0x2D:
+            case 0x2E:
+            case 0x2F:
+            case 0x30:
+            case 0x31:
+            case 0x32:
+            case 0x33:
+            case 0x34:
+            case 0x35:
+            case 0x36:
+            case 0x37:
+            case 0x38:
+            case 0x39:
+            case 0x3A:
+            case 0x3B:
+            case 0x3C:
+            case 0x3D:
+            case 0x3E:
+            case 0x3F:
+            case 0x40:
+            case 0x41:
+            case 0x42:
+            case 0x43:
+            case 0x44:
+            case 0x45:
+            case 0x46:
+            case 0x47:
+            case 0x48:
+            case 0x49:
+            case 0x4A:
+            case 0x4B:
+            case 0x4C:
+            case 0x4D:
+            case 0x4E:
+            case 0x4F:
+            case 0x50:
+            case 0x51:
+            case 0x52:
+            case 0x53:
+            case 0x54:
+            case 0x55:
+            case 0x56:
+            case 0x57:
+            case 0x58:
+            case 0x59:
+            case 0x5A:
+            case 0x5B:
+            case 0x5C:
+            case 0x5D:
+            case 0x5E:
+            case 0x5F:
+            case 0x60:
+            case 0x61:
+            case 0x62:
+            case 0x63:
+            case 0x64:
+            case 0x65:
+            case 0x66:
+            case 0x67:
+            case 0x68:
+            case 0x69:
+            case 0x6A:
+            case 0x6B:
+            case 0x6C:
+            case 0x6D:
+            case 0x6E:
+            case 0x6F:
+            case 0x70:
+            case 0x71:
+            case 0x72:
+            case 0x73:
+            case 0x74:
+            case 0x75:
+            case 0x76:
+            case 0x77:
+            case 0x78:
+            case 0x79:
+            case 0x7A:
+            case 0x7B:
+            case 0x7C:
+            case 0x7D:
+            case 0x7E:
+            case 0x7F:
+                return sax->number_unsigned(static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(current));
+
+            // fixmap
+            case 0x80:
+            case 0x81:
+            case 0x82:
+            case 0x83:
+            case 0x84:
+            case 0x85:
+            case 0x86:
+            case 0x87:
+            case 0x88:
+            case 0x89:
+            case 0x8A:
+            case 0x8B:
+            case 0x8C:
+            case 0x8D:
+            case 0x8E:
+            case 0x8F:
+                return get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x0Fu));
+
+            // fixarray
+            case 0x90:
+            case 0x91:
+            case 0x92:
+            case 0x93:
+            case 0x94:
+            case 0x95:
+            case 0x96:
+            case 0x97:
+            case 0x98:
+            case 0x99:
+            case 0x9A:
+            case 0x9B:
+            case 0x9C:
+            case 0x9D:
+            case 0x9E:
+            case 0x9F:
+                return get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x0Fu));
+
+            // fixstr
+            case 0xA0:
+            case 0xA1:
+            case 0xA2:
+            case 0xA3:
+            case 0xA4:
+            case 0xA5:
+            case 0xA6:
+            case 0xA7:
+            case 0xA8:
+            case 0xA9:
+            case 0xAA:
+            case 0xAB:
+            case 0xAC:
+            case 0xAD:
+            case 0xAE:
+            case 0xAF:
+            case 0xB0:
+            case 0xB1:
+            case 0xB2:
+            case 0xB3:
+            case 0xB4:
+            case 0xB5:
+            case 0xB6:
+            case 0xB7:
+            case 0xB8:
+            case 0xB9:
+            case 0xBA:
+            case 0xBB:
+            case 0xBC:
+            case 0xBD:
+            case 0xBE:
+            case 0xBF:
+            case 0xD9: // str 8
+            case 0xDA: // str 16
+            case 0xDB: // str 32
+            {
+                string_t s;
+                return get_msgpack_string(s) && sax->string(s);
+            }
 
-                        // other characters after escape
-                        default:
-                            error_message = "invalid string: forbidden character after backslash";
-                            return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+            case 0xC0: // nil
+                return sax->null();
 
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xC2: // false
+                return sax->boolean(false);
 
-                // invalid control characters
-                case 0x00:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0000 (NUL) must be escaped to \\u0000";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xC3: // true
+                return sax->boolean(true);
 
-                case 0x01:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0001 (SOH) must be escaped to \\u0001";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xC4: // bin 8
+            case 0xC5: // bin 16
+            case 0xC6: // bin 32
+            case 0xC7: // ext 8
+            case 0xC8: // ext 16
+            case 0xC9: // ext 32
+            case 0xD4: // fixext 1
+            case 0xD5: // fixext 2
+            case 0xD6: // fixext 4
+            case 0xD7: // fixext 8
+            case 0xD8: // fixext 16
+            {
+                binary_t b;
+                return get_msgpack_binary(b) && sax->binary(b);
+            }
 
-                case 0x02:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0002 (STX) must be escaped to \\u0002";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xCA: // float 32
+            {
+                float number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+            }
 
-                case 0x03:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0003 (ETX) must be escaped to \\u0003";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xCB: // float 64
+            {
+                double number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
+            }
 
-                case 0x04:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0004 (EOT) must be escaped to \\u0004";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xCC: // uint 8
+            {
+                std::uint8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x05:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0005 (ENQ) must be escaped to \\u0005";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xCD: // uint 16
+            {
+                std::uint16_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x06:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0006 (ACK) must be escaped to \\u0006";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xCE: // uint 32
+            {
+                std::uint32_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x07:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0007 (BEL) must be escaped to \\u0007";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xCF: // uint 64
+            {
+                std::uint64_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x08:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0008 (BS) must be escaped to \\u0008 or \\b";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xD0: // int 8
+            {
+                std::int8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x09:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0009 (HT) must be escaped to \\u0009 or \\t";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xD1: // int 16
+            {
+                std::int16_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x0A:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000A (LF) must be escaped to \\u000A or \\n";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xD2: // int 32
+            {
+                std::int32_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x0B:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000B (VT) must be escaped to \\u000B";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xD3: // int 64
+            {
+                std::int64_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
+            }
 
-                case 0x0C:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000C (FF) must be escaped to \\u000C or \\f";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xDC: // array 16
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+            }
 
-                case 0x0D:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000D (CR) must be escaped to \\u000D or \\r";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xDD: // array 32
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+            }
 
-                case 0x0E:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000E (SO) must be escaped to \\u000E";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xDE: // map 16
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+            }
 
-                case 0x0F:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000F (SI) must be escaped to \\u000F";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xDF: // map 32
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_msgpack_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(len));
+            }
 
-                case 0x10:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0010 (DLE) must be escaped to \\u0010";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            // negative fixint
+            case 0xE0:
+            case 0xE1:
+            case 0xE2:
+            case 0xE3:
+            case 0xE4:
+            case 0xE5:
+            case 0xE6:
+            case 0xE7:
+            case 0xE8:
+            case 0xE9:
+            case 0xEA:
+            case 0xEB:
+            case 0xEC:
+            case 0xED:
+            case 0xEE:
+            case 0xEF:
+            case 0xF0:
+            case 0xF1:
+            case 0xF2:
+            case 0xF3:
+            case 0xF4:
+            case 0xF5:
+            case 0xF6:
+            case 0xF7:
+            case 0xF8:
+            case 0xF9:
+            case 0xFA:
+            case 0xFB:
+            case 0xFC:
+            case 0xFD:
+            case 0xFE:
+            case 0xFF:
+                return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(current));
 
-                case 0x11:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0011 (DC1) must be escaped to \\u0011";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            default: // anything else
+            {
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::msgpack, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-                case 0x12:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0012 (DC2) must be escaped to \\u0012";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    /*!
+    @brief reads a MessagePack string
 
-                case 0x13:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0013 (DC3) must be escaped to \\u0013";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
 
-                case 0x14:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0014 (DC4) must be escaped to \\u0014";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    @param[out] result  created string
 
-                case 0x15:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0015 (NAK) must be escaped to \\u0015";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    @return whether string creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_msgpack_string(string_t& result)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::msgpack, "string")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-                case 0x16:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0016 (SYN) must be escaped to \\u0016";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            // fixstr
+            case 0xA0:
+            case 0xA1:
+            case 0xA2:
+            case 0xA3:
+            case 0xA4:
+            case 0xA5:
+            case 0xA6:
+            case 0xA7:
+            case 0xA8:
+            case 0xA9:
+            case 0xAA:
+            case 0xAB:
+            case 0xAC:
+            case 0xAD:
+            case 0xAE:
+            case 0xAF:
+            case 0xB0:
+            case 0xB1:
+            case 0xB2:
+            case 0xB3:
+            case 0xB4:
+            case 0xB5:
+            case 0xB6:
+            case 0xB7:
+            case 0xB8:
+            case 0xB9:
+            case 0xBA:
+            case 0xBB:
+            case 0xBC:
+            case 0xBD:
+            case 0xBE:
+            case 0xBF:
+            {
+                return get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, static_cast<unsigned int>(current) & 0x1Fu, result);
+            }
 
-                case 0x17:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0017 (ETB) must be escaped to \\u0017";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xD9: // str 8
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+            }
 
-                case 0x18:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0018 (CAN) must be escaped to \\u0018";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xDA: // str 16
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+            }
 
-                case 0x19:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0019 (EM) must be escaped to \\u0019";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xDB: // str 32
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) && get_string(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+            }
 
-                case 0x1A:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001A (SUB) must be escaped to \\u001A";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            default:
+            {
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::msgpack, "expected length specification (0xA0-0xBF, 0xD9-0xDB); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "string")));
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-                case 0x1B:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001B (ESC) must be escaped to \\u001B";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    /*!
+    @brief reads a MessagePack byte array
 
-                case 0x1C:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001C (FS) must be escaped to \\u001C";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
+    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into a byte array.
 
-                case 0x1D:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001D (GS) must be escaped to \\u001D";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    @param[out] result  created byte array
 
-                case 0x1E:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001E (RS) must be escaped to \\u001E";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    @return whether byte array creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_msgpack_binary(binary_t& result)
+    {
+        // helper function to set the subtype
+        auto assign_and_return_true = [&result](std::int8_t subtype)
+        {
+            result.set_subtype(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(subtype));
+            return true;
+        };
 
-                case 0x1F:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001F (US) must be escaped to \\u001F";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            case 0xC4: // bin 8
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+            }
 
-                // U+0020..U+007F (except U+0022 (quote) and U+005C (backspace))
-                case 0x20:
-                case 0x21:
-                case 0x23:
-                case 0x24:
-                case 0x25:
-                case 0x26:
-                case 0x27:
-                case 0x28:
-                case 0x29:
-                case 0x2A:
-                case 0x2B:
-                case 0x2C:
-                case 0x2D:
-                case 0x2E:
-                case 0x2F:
-                case 0x30:
-                case 0x31:
-                case 0x32:
-                case 0x33:
-                case 0x34:
-                case 0x35:
-                case 0x36:
-                case 0x37:
-                case 0x38:
-                case 0x39:
-                case 0x3A:
-                case 0x3B:
-                case 0x3C:
-                case 0x3D:
-                case 0x3E:
-                case 0x3F:
-                case 0x40:
-                case 0x41:
-                case 0x42:
-                case 0x43:
-                case 0x44:
-                case 0x45:
-                case 0x46:
-                case 0x47:
-                case 0x48:
-                case 0x49:
-                case 0x4A:
-                case 0x4B:
-                case 0x4C:
-                case 0x4D:
-                case 0x4E:
-                case 0x4F:
-                case 0x50:
-                case 0x51:
-                case 0x52:
-                case 0x53:
-                case 0x54:
-                case 0x55:
-                case 0x56:
-                case 0x57:
-                case 0x58:
-                case 0x59:
-                case 0x5A:
-                case 0x5B:
-                case 0x5D:
-                case 0x5E:
-                case 0x5F:
-                case 0x60:
-                case 0x61:
-                case 0x62:
-                case 0x63:
-                case 0x64:
-                case 0x65:
-                case 0x66:
-                case 0x67:
-                case 0x68:
-                case 0x69:
-                case 0x6A:
-                case 0x6B:
-                case 0x6C:
-                case 0x6D:
-                case 0x6E:
-                case 0x6F:
-                case 0x70:
-                case 0x71:
-                case 0x72:
-                case 0x73:
-                case 0x74:
-                case 0x75:
-                case 0x76:
-                case 0x77:
-                case 0x78:
-                case 0x79:
-                case 0x7A:
-                case 0x7B:
-                case 0x7C:
-                case 0x7D:
-                case 0x7E:
-                case 0x7F:
-                {
-                    add(current);
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xC5: // bin 16
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+            }
 
-                // U+0080..U+07FF: bytes C2..DF 80..BF
-                case 0xC2:
-                case 0xC3:
-                case 0xC4:
-                case 0xC5:
-                case 0xC6:
-                case 0xC7:
-                case 0xC8:
-                case 0xC9:
-                case 0xCA:
-                case 0xCB:
-                case 0xCC:
-                case 0xCD:
-                case 0xCE:
-                case 0xCF:
-                case 0xD0:
-                case 0xD1:
-                case 0xD2:
-                case 0xD3:
-                case 0xD4:
-                case 0xD5:
-                case 0xD6:
-                case 0xD7:
-                case 0xD8:
-                case 0xD9:
-                case 0xDA:
-                case 0xDB:
-                case 0xDC:
-                case 0xDD:
-                case 0xDE:
-                case 0xDF:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF})))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xC6: // bin 32
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result);
+            }
 
-                // U+0800..U+0FFF: bytes E0 A0..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xE0:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0xA0, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xC7: // ext 8
+            {
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+                       get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
 
-                // U+1000..U+CFFF: bytes E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF
-                // U+E000..U+FFFF: bytes EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xE1:
-                case 0xE2:
-                case 0xE3:
-                case 0xE4:
-                case 0xE5:
-                case 0xE6:
-                case 0xE7:
-                case 0xE8:
-                case 0xE9:
-                case 0xEA:
-                case 0xEB:
-                case 0xEC:
-                case 0xEE:
-                case 0xEF:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xC8: // ext 16
+            {
+                std::uint16_t len{};
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+                       get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
 
-                // U+D000..U+D7FF: bytes ED 80..9F 80..BF
-                case 0xED:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x9F, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xC9: // ext 32
+            {
+                std::uint32_t len{};
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, len) &&
+                       get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, len, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
 
-                // U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xF0:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x90, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xD4: // fixext 1
+            {
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 1, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
 
-                // U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xF1:
-                case 0xF2:
-                case 0xF3:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xD5: // fixext 2
+            {
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 2, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
 
-                // U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xF4:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+            case 0xD6: // fixext 4
+            {
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 4, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
 
-                // remaining bytes (80..C1 and F5..FF) are ill-formed
-                default:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+            case 0xD7: // fixext 8
+            {
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 8, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
+            }
+
+            case 0xD8: // fixext 16
+            {
+                std::int8_t subtype{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::msgpack, subtype) &&
+                       get_binary(input_format_t::msgpack, 16, result) &&
+                       assign_and_return_true(subtype);
             }
+
+            default:           // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                return false;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
     }
 
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+    /*!
+    @param[in] len  the length of the array
+    @return whether array creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_msgpack_array(const std::size_t len)
     {
-        f = std::strtof(str, endptr);
-    }
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(len)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
-    {
-        f = std::strtod(str, endptr);
-    }
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+        {
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_msgpack_internal()))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
 
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
-    {
-        f = std::strtold(str, endptr);
+        return sax->end_array();
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief scan a number literal
+    @param[in] len  the length of the object
+    @return whether object creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_msgpack_object(const std::size_t len)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(len)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-    This function scans a string according to Sect. 6 of RFC 7159.
+        string_t key;
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+        {
+            get();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_msgpack_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-    The function is realized with a deterministic finite state machine derived
-    from the grammar described in RFC 7159. Starting in state "init", the
-    input is read and used to determined the next state. Only state "done"
-    accepts the number. State "error" is a trap state to model errors. In the
-    table below, "anything" means any character but the ones listed before.
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_msgpack_internal()))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+            key.clear();
+        }
 
-    state    | 0        | 1-9      | e E      | +       | -       | .        | anything
-    ---------|----------|----------|----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------
-    init     | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | minus   | [error]  | [error]
-    minus    | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
-    zero     | done     | done     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
-    any1     | any1     | any1     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
-    decimal1 | decimal2 | decimal2 | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
-    decimal2 | decimal2 | decimal2 | exponent | done    | done    | done     | done
-    exponent | any2     | any2     | [error]  | sign    | sign    | [error]  | [error]
-    sign     | any2     | any2     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
-    any2     | any2     | any2     | done     | done    | done    | done     | done
+        return sax->end_object();
+    }
 
-    The state machine is realized with one label per state (prefixed with
-    "scan_number_") and `goto` statements between them. The state machine
-    contains cycles, but any cycle can be left when EOF is read. Therefore,
-    the function is guaranteed to terminate.
+    ////////////
+    // UBJSON //
+    ////////////
 
-    During scanning, the read bytes are stored in token_buffer. This string is
-    then converted to a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a
-    floating-point number.
+    /*!
+    @param[in] get_char  whether a new character should be retrieved from the
+                         input (true, default) or whether the last read
+                         character should be considered instead
 
-    @return token_type::value_unsigned, token_type::value_integer, or
-            token_type::value_float if number could be successfully scanned,
-            token_type::parse_error otherwise
+    @return whether a valid UBJSON value was passed to the SAX parser
+    */
+    bool parse_ubjson_internal(const bool get_char = true)
+    {
+        return get_ubjson_value(get_char ? get_ignore_noop() : current);
+    }
 
-    @note The scanner is independent of the current locale. Internally, the
-          locale's decimal point is used instead of `.` to work with the
-          locale-dependent converters.
+    /*!
+    @brief reads a UBJSON string
+
+    This function is either called after reading the 'S' byte explicitly
+    indicating a string, or in case of an object key where the 'S' byte can be
+    left out.
+
+    @param[out] result   created string
+    @param[in] get_char  whether a new character should be retrieved from the
+                         input (true, default) or whether the last read
+                         character should be considered instead
+
+    @return whether string creation completed
     */
-    token_type scan_number()  // lgtm [cpp/use-of-goto]
+    bool get_ubjson_string(string_t& result, const bool get_char = true)
     {
-        // reset token_buffer to store the number's bytes
-        reset();
+        if (get_char)
+        {
+            get();  // TODO(niels): may we ignore N here?
+        }
 
-        // the type of the parsed number; initially set to unsigned; will be
-        // changed if minus sign, decimal point or exponent is read
-        token_type number_type = token_type::value_unsigned;
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "value")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-        // state (init): we just found out we need to scan a number
         switch (current)
         {
-            case '-':
+            case 'U':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_minus;
+                std::uint8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) && get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 'i':
+            {
+                std::int8_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) && get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 'I':
+            {
+                std::int16_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) && get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 'l':
+            {
+                std::int32_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) && get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
+            }
+
+            case 'L':
+            {
+                std::int64_t len{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, len) && get_string(input_format_t::ubjson, len, result);
+            }
+
+            default:
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "expected length type specification (U, i, I, l, L); last byte: 0x" + last_token, "string")));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @param[out] result  determined size
+    @return whether size determination completed
+    */
+    bool get_ubjson_size_value(std::size_t& result)
+    {
+        switch (get_ignore_noop())
+        {
+            case 'U':
+            {
+                std::uint8_t number{};
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+                return true;
             }
 
-            case '0':
+            case 'i':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_zero;
+                std::int8_t number{};
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+                return true;
             }
 
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            case 'I':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any1;
+                std::int16_t number{};
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+                return true;
             }
 
-            // all other characters are rejected outside scan_number()
-            default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-        }
-
-scan_number_minus:
-        // state: we just parsed a leading minus sign
-        number_type = token_type::value_integer;
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
+            case 'l':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_zero;
+                std::int32_t number{};
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+                return true;
             }
 
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            case 'L':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any1;
+                std::int64_t number{};
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                result = static_cast<std::size_t>(number);
+                return true;
             }
 
             default:
             {
-                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '-'";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "expected length type specification (U, i, I, l, L) after '#'; last byte: 0x" + last_token, "size")));
             }
         }
+    }
 
-scan_number_zero:
-        // state: we just parse a zero (maybe with a leading minus sign)
-        switch (get())
+    /*!
+    @brief determine the type and size for a container
+
+    In the optimized UBJSON format, a type and a size can be provided to allow
+    for a more compact representation.
+
+    @param[out] result  pair of the size and the type
+
+    @return whether pair creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_ubjson_size_type(std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type>& result)
+    {
+        result.first = string_t::npos; // size
+        result.second = 0; // type
+
+        get_ignore_noop();
+
+        if (current == '$')
         {
-            case '.':
+            result.second = get();  // must not ignore 'N', because 'N' maybe the type
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "type")))
             {
-                add(decimal_point_char);
-                goto scan_number_decimal1;
+                return false;
             }
 
-            case 'e':
-            case 'E':
+            get_ignore_noop();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current != '#'))
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_exponent;
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "value")))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "expected '#' after type information; last byte: 0x" + last_token, "size")));
             }
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
+            return get_ubjson_size_value(result.first);
         }
 
-scan_number_any1:
-        // state: we just parsed a number 0-9 (maybe with a leading minus sign)
-        switch (get())
+        if (current == '#')
         {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            return get_ubjson_size_value(result.first);
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @param prefix  the previously read or set type prefix
+    @return whether value creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_ubjson_value(const char_int_type prefix)
+    {
+        switch (prefix)
+        {
+            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():  // EOF
+                return unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "value");
+
+            case 'T':  // true
+                return sax->boolean(true);
+            case 'F':  // false
+                return sax->boolean(false);
+
+            case 'Z':  // null
+                return sax->null();
+
+            case 'U':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any1;
+                std::uint8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
             }
 
-            case '.':
+            case 'i':
             {
-                add(decimal_point_char);
-                goto scan_number_decimal1;
+                std::int8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
             }
 
-            case 'e':
-            case 'E':
+            case 'I':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_exponent;
+                std::int16_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
             }
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
-        }
-
-scan_number_decimal1:
-        // state: we just parsed a decimal point
-        number_type = token_type::value_float;
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            case 'l':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_decimal2;
+                std::int32_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
             }
 
-            default:
+            case 'L':
             {
-                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '.'";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                std::int64_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_integer(number);
             }
-        }
 
-scan_number_decimal2:
-        // we just parsed at least one number after a decimal point
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            case 'd':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_decimal2;
+                float number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
             }
 
-            case 'e':
-            case 'E':
+            case 'D':
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_exponent;
+                double number{};
+                return get_number(input_format_t::ubjson, number) && sax->number_float(static_cast<number_float_t>(number), "");
             }
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
-        }
+            case 'H':
+            {
+                return get_ubjson_high_precision_number();
+            }
 
-scan_number_exponent:
-        // we just parsed an exponent
-        number_type = token_type::value_float;
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '+':
-            case '-':
+            case 'C':  // char
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_sign;
+                get();
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "char")))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current > 127))
+                {
+                    auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                    return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "byte after 'C' must be in range 0x00..0x7F; last byte: 0x" + last_token, "char")));
+                }
+                string_t s(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current));
+                return sax->string(s);
             }
 
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            case 'S':  // string
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any2;
+                string_t s;
+                return get_ubjson_string(s) && sax->string(s);
             }
 
-            default:
+            case '[':  // array
+                return get_ubjson_array();
+
+            case '{':  // object
+                return get_ubjson_object();
+
+            default: // anything else
             {
-                error_message =
-                    "invalid number; expected '+', '-', or digit after exponent";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                auto last_token = get_token_string();
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, last_token, parse_error::create(112, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "invalid byte: 0x" + last_token, "value")));
             }
         }
+    }
 
-scan_number_sign:
-        // we just parsed an exponent sign
-        switch (get())
+    /*!
+    @return whether array creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_ubjson_array()
+    {
+        std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type)))
         {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (size_and_type.first != string_t::npos)
+        {
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(size_and_type.first)))
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any2;
+                return false;
             }
 
-            default:
+            if (size_and_type.second != 0)
             {
-                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after exponent sign";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                if (size_and_type.second != 'N')
+                {
+                    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal()))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
-
-scan_number_any2:
-        // we just parsed a number after the exponent or exponent sign
-        switch (get())
+        else
         {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(std::size_t(-1))))
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any2;
+                return false;
             }
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
+            while (current != ']')
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal(false)))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                get_ignore_noop();
+            }
         }
 
-scan_number_done:
-        // unget the character after the number (we only read it to know that
-        // we are done scanning a number)
-        unget();
-
-        char* endptr = nullptr;
-        errno = 0;
+        return sax->end_array();
+    }
 
-        // try to parse integers first and fall back to floats
-        if (number_type == token_type::value_unsigned)
+    /*!
+    @return whether object creation completed
+    */
+    bool get_ubjson_object()
+    {
+        std::pair<std::size_t, char_int_type> size_and_type;
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_size_type(size_and_type)))
         {
-            const auto x = std::strtoull(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
+            return false;
+        }
 
-            // we checked the number format before
-            assert(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+        string_t key;
+        if (size_and_type.first != string_t::npos)
+        {
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(size_and_type.first)))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-            if (errno == 0)
+            if (size_and_type.second != 0)
             {
-                value_unsigned = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(x);
-                if (value_unsigned == x)
+                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
                 {
-                    return token_type::value_unsigned;
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_value(size_and_type.second)))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    key.clear();
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size_and_type.first; ++i)
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_string(key) || !sax->key(key)))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal()))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    key.clear();
                 }
             }
         }
-        else if (number_type == token_type::value_integer)
+        else
         {
-            const auto x = std::strtoll(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
-
-            // we checked the number format before
-            assert(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(std::size_t(-1))))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
 
-            if (errno == 0)
+            while (current != '}')
             {
-                value_integer = static_cast<number_integer_t>(x);
-                if (value_integer == x)
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_ubjson_string(key, false) || !sax->key(key)))
                 {
-                    return token_type::value_integer;
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!parse_ubjson_internal()))
+                {
+                    return false;
                 }
+                get_ignore_noop();
+                key.clear();
             }
         }
 
-        // this code is reached if we parse a floating-point number or if an
-        // integer conversion above failed
-        strtof(value_float, token_buffer.data(), &endptr);
-
-        // we checked the number format before
-        assert(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
-
-        return token_type::value_float;
+        return sax->end_object();
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] literal_text  the literal text to expect
-    @param[in] length        the length of the passed literal text
-    @param[in] return_type   the token type to return on success
-    */
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    token_type scan_literal(const char_type* literal_text, const std::size_t length,
-                            token_type return_type)
+    // Note, no reader for UBJSON binary types is implemented because they do
+    // not exist
+
+    bool get_ubjson_high_precision_number()
     {
-        assert(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current) == literal_text[0]);
-        for (std::size_t i = 1; i < length; ++i)
+        // get size of following number string
+        std::size_t size{};
+        auto res = get_ubjson_size_value(size);
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!res))
         {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(get()) != literal_text[i]))
+            return res;
+        }
+
+        // get number string
+        std::vector<char> number_vector;
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+        {
+            get();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::ubjson, "number")))
             {
-                error_message = "invalid literal";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                return false;
             }
+            number_vector.push_back(static_cast<char>(current));
         }
-        return return_type;
-    }
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // input management
-    /////////////////////
+        // parse number string
+        auto number_ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<decltype(number_vector)>(number_vector));
+        auto number_lexer = detail::lexer<BasicJsonType, decltype(number_ia)>(std::move(number_ia), false);
+        const auto result_number = number_lexer.scan();
+        const auto number_string = number_lexer.get_token_string();
+        const auto result_remainder = number_lexer.scan();
 
-    /// reset token_buffer; current character is beginning of token
-    void reset() noexcept
-    {
-        token_buffer.clear();
-        token_string.clear();
-        token_string.push_back(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+        using token_type = typename detail::lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
+
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(result_remainder != token_type::end_of_input))
+        {
+            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, number_string, parse_error::create(115, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "invalid number text: " + number_lexer.get_token_string(), "high-precision number")));
+        }
+
+        switch (result_number)
+        {
+            case token_type::value_integer:
+                return sax->number_integer(number_lexer.get_number_integer());
+            case token_type::value_unsigned:
+                return sax->number_unsigned(number_lexer.get_number_unsigned());
+            case token_type::value_float:
+                return sax->number_float(number_lexer.get_number_float(), std::move(number_string));
+            default:
+                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, number_string, parse_error::create(115, chars_read, exception_message(input_format_t::ubjson, "invalid number text: " + number_lexer.get_token_string(), "high-precision number")));
+        }
     }
 
-    /*
+    ///////////////////////
+    // Utility functions //
+    ///////////////////////
+
+    /*!
     @brief get next character from the input
 
     This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
-    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a
-    `std::char_traits<char>::eof()` in that case.  Stores the scanned characters
-    for use in error messages.
+    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a -'ve valued
+    `std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()` in that case.
 
     @return character read from the input
     */
     char_int_type get()
     {
-        ++position.chars_read_total;
-        ++position.chars_read_current_line;
-
-        if (next_unget)
-        {
-            // just reset the next_unget variable and work with current
-            next_unget = false;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            current = ia.get_character();
-        }
-
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
-        {
-            token_string.push_back(std::char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
-        }
+        ++chars_read;
+        return current = ia.get_character();
+    }
 
-        if (current == '\n')
+    /*!
+    @return character read from the input after ignoring all 'N' entries
+    */
+    char_int_type get_ignore_noop()
+    {
+        do
         {
-            ++position.lines_read;
-            position.chars_read_current_line = 0;
+            get();
         }
+        while (current == 'N');
 
         return current;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief unget current character (read it again on next get)
+    /*
+    @brief read a number from the input
+
+    @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+    @param[in] format   the current format (for diagnostics)
+    @param[out] result  number of type @a NumberType
+
+    @return whether conversion completed
 
-    We implement unget by setting variable next_unget to true. The input is not
-    changed - we just simulate ungetting by modifying chars_read_total,
-    chars_read_current_line, and token_string. The next call to get() will
-    behave as if the unget character is read again.
+    @note This function needs to respect the system's endianess, because
+          bytes in CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON are stored in network order
+          (big endian) and therefore need reordering on little endian systems.
     */
-    void unget()
+    template<typename NumberType, bool InputIsLittleEndian = false>
+    bool get_number(const input_format_t format, NumberType& result)
     {
-        next_unget = true;
-
-        --position.chars_read_total;
-
-        // in case we "unget" a newline, we have to also decrement the lines_read
-        if (position.chars_read_current_line == 0)
+        // step 1: read input into array with system's byte order
+        std::array<std::uint8_t, sizeof(NumberType)> vec;
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(NumberType); ++i)
         {
-            if (position.lines_read > 0)
+            get();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(format, "number")))
             {
-                --position.lines_read;
+                return false;
             }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            --position.chars_read_current_line;
-        }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
-        {
-            assert(not token_string.empty());
-            token_string.pop_back();
+            // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary
+            if (is_little_endian != InputIsLittleEndian)
+            {
+                vec[sizeof(NumberType) - i - 1] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                vec[i] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            }
         }
-    }
 
-    /// add a character to token_buffer
-    void add(char_int_type c)
-    {
-        token_buffer.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(c));
+        // step 2: convert array into number of type T and return
+        std::memcpy(&result, vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType));
+        return true;
     }
 
-  public:
-    /////////////////////
-    // value getters
-    /////////////////////
+    /*!
+    @brief create a string by reading characters from the input
 
-    /// return integer value
-    constexpr number_integer_t get_number_integer() const noexcept
-    {
-        return value_integer;
-    }
+    @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+    @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
+    @param[in] len number of characters to read
+    @param[out] result string created by reading @a len bytes
 
-    /// return unsigned integer value
-    constexpr number_unsigned_t get_number_unsigned() const noexcept
-    {
-        return value_unsigned;
-    }
+    @return whether string creation completed
 
-    /// return floating-point value
-    constexpr number_float_t get_number_float() const noexcept
+    @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len
+          may be too large. Usually, @ref unexpect_eof() detects the end of
+          the input before we run out of string memory.
+    */
+    template<typename NumberType>
+    bool get_string(const input_format_t format,
+                    const NumberType len,
+                    string_t& result)
     {
-        return value_float;
+        bool success = true;
+        for (NumberType i = 0; i < len; i++)
+        {
+            get();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(format, "string")))
+            {
+                success = false;
+                break;
+            }
+            result.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(current));
+        };
+        return success;
     }
 
-    /// return current string value (implicitly resets the token; useful only once)
-    string_t& get_string()
-    {
-        return token_buffer;
-    }
+    /*!
+    @brief create a byte array by reading bytes from the input
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // diagnostics
-    /////////////////////
+    @tparam NumberType the type of the number
+    @param[in] format the current format (for diagnostics)
+    @param[in] len number of bytes to read
+    @param[out] result byte array created by reading @a len bytes
 
-    /// return position of last read token
-    constexpr position_t get_position() const noexcept
-    {
-        return position;
-    }
+    @return whether byte array creation completed
 
-    /// return the last read token (for errors only).  Will never contain EOF
-    /// (an arbitrary value that is not a valid char value, often -1), because
-    /// 255 may legitimately occur.  May contain NUL, which should be escaped.
-    std::string get_token_string() const
+    @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len
+          may be too large. Usually, @ref unexpect_eof() detects the end of
+          the input before we run out of memory.
+    */
+    template<typename NumberType>
+    bool get_binary(const input_format_t format,
+                    const NumberType len,
+                    binary_t& result)
     {
-        // escape control characters
-        std::string result;
-        for (const auto c : token_string)
+        bool success = true;
+        for (NumberType i = 0; i < len; i++)
         {
-            if (static_cast<unsigned char>(c) <= '\x1F')
-            {
-                // escape control characters
-                std::array<char, 9> cs{{}};
-                (std::snprintf)(cs.data(), cs.size(), "<U+%.4X>", static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
-                result += cs.data();
-            }
-            else
+            get();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(format, "binary")))
             {
-                // add character as is
-                result.push_back(static_cast<std::string::value_type>(c));
+                success = false;
+                break;
             }
+            result.push_back(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current));
         }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /// return syntax error message
-    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
-    constexpr const char* get_error_message() const noexcept
-    {
-        return error_message;
+        return success;
     }
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // actual scanner
-    /////////////////////
-
     /*!
-    @brief skip the UTF-8 byte order mark
-    @return true iff there is no BOM or the correct BOM has been skipped
+    @param[in] format   the current format (for diagnostics)
+    @param[in] context  further context information (for diagnostics)
+    @return whether the last read character is not EOF
     */
-    bool skip_bom()
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    bool unexpect_eof(const input_format_t format, const char* context) const
     {
-        if (get() == 0xEF)
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(current == std::char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
         {
-            // check if we completely parse the BOM
-            return get() == 0xBB and get() == 0xBF;
+            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, "<end of file>",
+                                    parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "unexpected end of input", context)));
         }
-
-        // the first character is not the beginning of the BOM; unget it to
-        // process is later
-        unget();
         return true;
     }
 
-    token_type scan()
+    /*!
+    @return a string representation of the last read byte
+    */
+    std::string get_token_string() const
     {
-        // initially, skip the BOM
-        if (position.chars_read_total == 0 and not skip_bom())
-        {
-            error_message = "invalid BOM; must be 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF if given";
-            return token_type::parse_error;
-        }
+        std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
+        (std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(current));
+        return std::string{cr.data()};
+    }
 
-        // read next character and ignore whitespace
-        do
-        {
-            get();
-        }
-        while (current == ' ' or current == '\t' or current == '\n' or current == '\r');
+    /*!
+    @param[in] format   the current format
+    @param[in] detail   a detailed error message
+    @param[in] context  further context information
+    @return a message string to use in the parse_error exceptions
+    */
+    std::string exception_message(const input_format_t format,
+                                  const std::string& detail,
+                                  const std::string& context) const
+    {
+        std::string error_msg = "syntax error while parsing ";
 
-        switch (current)
+        switch (format)
         {
-            // structural characters
-            case '[':
-                return token_type::begin_array;
-            case ']':
-                return token_type::end_array;
-            case '{':
-                return token_type::begin_object;
-            case '}':
-                return token_type::end_object;
-            case ':':
-                return token_type::name_separator;
-            case ',':
-                return token_type::value_separator;
-
-            // literals
-            case 't':
-            {
-                std::array<char_type, 4> true_literal = {{'t', 'r', 'u', 'e'}};
-                return scan_literal(true_literal.data(), true_literal.size(), token_type::literal_true);
-            }
-            case 'f':
-            {
-                std::array<char_type, 5> false_literal = {{'f', 'a', 'l', 's', 'e'}};
-                return scan_literal(false_literal.data(), false_literal.size(), token_type::literal_false);
-            }
-            case 'n':
-            {
-                std::array<char_type, 4> null_literal = {{'n', 'u', 'l', 'l'}};
-                return scan_literal(null_literal.data(), null_literal.size(), token_type::literal_null);
-            }
+            case input_format_t::cbor:
+                error_msg += "CBOR";
+                break;
 
-            // string
-            case '\"':
-                return scan_string();
+            case input_format_t::msgpack:
+                error_msg += "MessagePack";
+                break;
 
-            // number
-            case '-':
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-                return scan_number();
+            case input_format_t::ubjson:
+                error_msg += "UBJSON";
+                break;
 
-            // end of input (the null byte is needed when parsing from
-            // string literals)
-            case '\0':
-            case std::char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                return token_type::end_of_input;
+            case input_format_t::bson:
+                error_msg += "BSON";
+                break;
 
-            // error
-            default:
-                error_message = "invalid literal";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+            default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
+
+        return error_msg + " " + context + ": " + detail;
     }
 
   private:
@@ -9569,36 +10085,25 @@ class lexer : public lexer_base<BasicJsonType>
     /// the current character
     char_int_type current = std::char_traits<char_type>::eof();
 
-    /// whether the next get() call should just return current
-    bool next_unget = false;
-
-    /// the start position of the current token
-    position_t position {};
-
-    /// raw input token string (for error messages)
-    std::vector<char_type> token_string {};
-
-    /// buffer for variable-length tokens (numbers, strings)
-    string_t token_buffer {};
-
-    /// a description of occurred lexer errors
-    const char* error_message = "";
+    /// the number of characters read
+    std::size_t chars_read = 0;
 
-    // number values
-    number_integer_t value_integer = 0;
-    number_unsigned_t value_unsigned = 0;
-    number_float_t value_float = 0;
+    /// whether we can assume little endianess
+    const bool is_little_endian = little_endianess();
 
-    /// the decimal point
-    const char_int_type decimal_point_char = '.';
+    /// the SAX parser
+    json_sax_t* sax = nullptr;
 };
 }  // namespace detail
 }  // namespace nlohmann
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/parser.hpp>
 
 
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cmath> // isfinite
 #include <cstdint> // uint8_t
 #include <functional> // function
@@ -9668,8 +10173,11 @@ class parser
     /// a parser reading from an input adapter
     explicit parser(InputAdapterType&& adapter,
                     const parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> cb = nullptr,
-                    const bool allow_exceptions_ = true)
-        : callback(cb), m_lexer(std::move(adapter)), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
+                    const bool allow_exceptions_ = true,
+                    const bool skip_comments = false)
+        : callback(cb)
+        , m_lexer(std::move(adapter), skip_comments)
+        , allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
     {
         // read first token
         get_token();
@@ -9694,7 +10202,7 @@ class parser
             result.assert_invariant();
 
             // in strict mode, input must be completely read
-            if (strict and (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+            if (strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
             {
                 sdp.parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
                                 m_lexer.get_token_string(),
@@ -9723,7 +10231,7 @@ class parser
             result.assert_invariant();
 
             // in strict mode, input must be completely read
-            if (strict and (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+            if (strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
             {
                 sdp.parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
                                 m_lexer.get_token_string(),
@@ -9752,7 +10260,7 @@ class parser
         return sax_parse(&sax_acceptor, strict);
     }
 
-    template <typename SAX>
+    template<typename SAX>
     JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
     bool sax_parse(SAX* sax, const bool strict = true)
     {
@@ -9760,7 +10268,7 @@ class parser
         const bool result = sax_parse_internal(sax);
 
         // strict mode: next byte must be EOF
-        if (result and strict and (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+        if (result && strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
         {
             return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
                                     m_lexer.get_token_string(),
@@ -9772,7 +10280,7 @@ class parser
     }
 
   private:
-    template <typename SAX>
+    template<typename SAX>
     JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
     bool sax_parse_internal(SAX* sax)
     {
@@ -9784,14 +10292,14 @@ class parser
 
         while (true)
         {
-            if (not skip_to_state_evaluation)
+            if (!skip_to_state_evaluation)
             {
                 // invariant: get_token() was called before each iteration
                 switch (last_token)
                 {
                     case token_type::begin_object:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_object(std::size_t(-1))))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(std::size_t(-1))))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9799,7 +10307,7 @@ class parser
                         // closing } -> we are done
                         if (get_token() == token_type::end_object)
                         {
-                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->end_object()))
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_object()))
                             {
                                 return false;
                             }
@@ -9814,7 +10322,7 @@ class parser
                                                     parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(),
                                                             exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key")));
                         }
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9838,7 +10346,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::begin_array:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->start_array(std::size_t(-1))))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(std::size_t(-1))))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9846,7 +10354,7 @@ class parser
                         // closing ] -> we are done
                         if (get_token() == token_type::end_array)
                         {
-                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->end_array()))
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_array()))
                             {
                                 return false;
                             }
@@ -9864,14 +10372,14 @@ class parser
                     {
                         const auto res = m_lexer.get_number_float();
 
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not std::isfinite(res)))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!std::isfinite(res)))
                         {
                             return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
                                                     m_lexer.get_token_string(),
                                                     out_of_range::create(406, "number overflow parsing '" + m_lexer.get_token_string() + "'"));
                         }
 
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->number_float(res, m_lexer.get_string())))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_float(res, m_lexer.get_string())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9881,7 +10389,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::literal_false:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->boolean(false)))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->boolean(false)))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9890,7 +10398,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::literal_null:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->null()))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->null()))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9899,7 +10407,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::literal_true:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->boolean(true)))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->boolean(true)))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9908,7 +10416,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::value_integer:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->number_integer(m_lexer.get_number_integer())))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_integer(m_lexer.get_number_integer())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9917,7 +10425,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::value_string:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->string(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->string(m_lexer.get_string())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9926,7 +10434,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::value_unsigned:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->number_unsigned(m_lexer.get_number_unsigned())))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_unsigned(m_lexer.get_number_unsigned())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -9976,7 +10484,7 @@ class parser
                 // closing ]
                 if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(last_token == token_type::end_array))
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->end_array()))
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_array()))
                     {
                         return false;
                     }
@@ -9985,7 +10493,7 @@ class parser
                     // new value, we need to evaluate the new state first.
                     // By setting skip_to_state_evaluation to false, we
                     // are effectively jumping to the beginning of this if.
-                    assert(not states.empty());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(!states.empty());
                     states.pop_back();
                     skip_to_state_evaluation = true;
                     continue;
@@ -10010,7 +10518,7 @@ class parser
                                                         exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key")));
                     }
 
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
                     {
                         return false;
                     }
@@ -10032,7 +10540,7 @@ class parser
                 // closing }
                 if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(last_token == token_type::end_object))
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not sax->end_object()))
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_object()))
                     {
                         return false;
                     }
@@ -10041,7 +10549,7 @@ class parser
                     // new value, we need to evaluate the new state first.
                     // By setting skip_to_state_evaluation to false, we
                     // are effectively jumping to the beginning of this if.
-                    assert(not states.empty());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(!states.empty());
                     states.pop_back();
                     skip_to_state_evaluation = true;
                     continue;
@@ -10065,7 +10573,7 @@ class parser
     {
         std::string error_msg = "syntax error ";
 
-        if (not context.empty())
+        if (!context.empty())
         {
             error_msg += "while parsing " + context + " ";
         }
@@ -10245,8 +10753,6 @@ template<typename BasicJsonType> struct internal_iterator
     typename BasicJsonType::object_t::iterator object_iterator {};
     /// iterator for JSON arrays
     typename BasicJsonType::array_t::iterator array_iterator {};
-    /// iterator for JSON binary arrays
-    typename BasicJsonType::binary_t::container_type::iterator binary_iterator {};
     /// generic iterator for all other types
     primitive_iterator_t primitive_iterator {};
 };
@@ -10259,8 +10765,6 @@ template<typename BasicJsonType> struct internal_iterator
 #include <iterator> // iterator, random_access_iterator_tag, bidirectional_iterator_tag, advance, next
 #include <type_traits> // conditional, is_const, remove_const
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/internal_iterator.hpp>
@@ -10349,7 +10853,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     explicit iter_impl(pointer object) noexcept : m_object(object)
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10435,7 +10939,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     void set_begin() noexcept
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10472,7 +10976,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     void set_end() noexcept
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10503,19 +11007,19 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     reference operator*() const
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
             case value_t::object:
             {
-                assert(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end());
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end());
                 return m_it.object_iterator->second;
             }
 
             case value_t::array:
             {
-                assert(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end());
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end());
                 return *m_it.array_iterator;
             }
 
@@ -10540,19 +11044,19 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     pointer operator->() const
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
             case value_t::object:
             {
-                assert(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end());
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end());
                 return &(m_it.object_iterator->second);
             }
 
             case value_t::array:
             {
-                assert(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end());
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end());
                 return &*m_it.array_iterator;
             }
 
@@ -10585,7 +11089,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     iter_impl& operator++()
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10628,7 +11132,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     iter_impl& operator--()
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10666,7 +11170,7 @@ class iter_impl
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers"));
         }
 
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10687,7 +11191,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     bool operator!=(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
-        return not operator==(other);
+        return !operator==(other);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -10702,7 +11206,7 @@ class iter_impl
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers"));
         }
 
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10723,7 +11227,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     bool operator<=(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
-        return not other.operator < (*this);
+        return !other.operator < (*this);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -10732,7 +11236,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     bool operator>(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
-        return not operator<=(other);
+        return !operator<=(other);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -10741,7 +11245,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     bool operator>=(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
-        return not operator<(other);
+        return !operator<(other);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -10750,7 +11254,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     iter_impl& operator+=(difference_type i)
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10821,7 +11325,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     difference_type operator-(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10842,7 +11346,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     reference operator[](difference_type n) const
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         switch (m_object->m_type)
         {
@@ -10873,7 +11377,7 @@ class iter_impl
     */
     const typename object_t::key_type& key() const
     {
-        assert(m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
 
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_object->is_object()))
         {
@@ -11030,8 +11534,8 @@ class json_reverse_iterator : public std::reverse_iterator<Base>
 
 
 #include <algorithm> // all_of
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cctype> // isdigit
+#include <limits> // max
 #include <numeric> // accumulate
 #include <string> // string
 #include <utility> // move
@@ -11357,12 +11861,17 @@ class json_pointer
 
     @return integer representation of @a s
 
+    @throw parse_error.106  if an array index begins with '0'
+    @throw parse_error.109  if an array index begins not with a digit
     @throw out_of_range.404 if string @a s could not be converted to an integer
+    @throw out_of_range.410 if an array index exceeds size_type
     */
-    static int array_index(const std::string& s)
+    static typename BasicJsonType::size_type array_index(const std::string& s)
     {
+        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
+
         // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(s.size() > 1 and s[0] == '0'))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(s.size() > 1 && s[0] == '0'))
         {
             JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0,
                                                    "array index '" + s +
@@ -11370,16 +11879,16 @@ class json_pointer
         }
 
         // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(s.size() > 1 and not (s[0] >= '1' and s[0] <= '9')))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(s.size() > 1 && !(s[0] >= '1' && s[0] <= '9')))
         {
             JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, "array index '" + s + "' is not a number"));
         }
 
         std::size_t processed_chars = 0;
-        int res = 0;
+        unsigned long long res = 0;
         JSON_TRY
         {
-            res = std::stoi(s, &processed_chars);
+            res = std::stoull(s, &processed_chars);
         }
         JSON_CATCH(std::out_of_range&)
         {
@@ -11392,7 +11901,14 @@ class json_pointer
             JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, "unresolved reference token '" + s + "'"));
         }
 
-        return res;
+        // only triggered on special platforms (like 32bit), see also
+        // https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/2203
+        if (res >= static_cast<unsigned long long>((std::numeric_limits<size_type>::max)()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(410, "array index " + s + " exceeds size_type")); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        }
+
+        return static_cast<size_type>(res);
     }
 
     json_pointer top() const
@@ -11417,7 +11933,6 @@ class json_pointer
     */
     BasicJsonType& get_and_create(BasicJsonType& j) const
     {
-        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
         auto result = &j;
 
         // in case no reference tokens exist, return a reference to the JSON value
@@ -11451,7 +11966,7 @@ class json_pointer
                 case detail::value_t::array:
                 {
                     // create an entry in the array
-                    result = &result->operator[](static_cast<size_type>(array_index(reference_token)));
+                    result = &result->operator[](array_index(reference_token));
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -11490,7 +12005,6 @@ class json_pointer
     */
     BasicJsonType& get_unchecked(BasicJsonType* ptr) const
     {
-        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
         for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
         {
             // convert null values to arrays or objects before continuing
@@ -11505,7 +12019,7 @@ class json_pointer
                 });
 
                 // change value to array for numbers or "-" or to object otherwise
-                *ptr = (nums or reference_token == "-")
+                *ptr = (nums || reference_token == "-")
                        ? detail::value_t::array
                        : detail::value_t::object;
             }
@@ -11529,8 +12043,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     else
                     {
                         // convert array index to number; unchecked access
-                        ptr = &ptr->operator[](
-                                  static_cast<size_type>(array_index(reference_token)));
+                        ptr = &ptr->operator[](array_index(reference_token));
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -11551,7 +12064,6 @@ class json_pointer
     */
     BasicJsonType& get_checked(BasicJsonType* ptr) const
     {
-        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
         for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
         {
             switch (ptr->type())
@@ -11574,7 +12086,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     }
 
                     // note: at performs range check
-                    ptr = &ptr->at(static_cast<size_type>(array_index(reference_token)));
+                    ptr = &ptr->at(array_index(reference_token));
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -11601,7 +12113,6 @@ class json_pointer
     */
     const BasicJsonType& get_unchecked(const BasicJsonType* ptr) const
     {
-        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
         for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
         {
             switch (ptr->type())
@@ -11624,8 +12135,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     }
 
                     // use unchecked array access
-                    ptr = &ptr->operator[](
-                              static_cast<size_type>(array_index(reference_token)));
+                    ptr = &ptr->operator[](array_index(reference_token));
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -11645,7 +12155,6 @@ class json_pointer
     */
     const BasicJsonType& get_checked(const BasicJsonType* ptr) const
     {
-        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
         for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
         {
             switch (ptr->type())
@@ -11668,7 +12177,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     }
 
                     // note: at performs range check
-                    ptr = &ptr->at(static_cast<size_type>(array_index(reference_token)));
+                    ptr = &ptr->at(array_index(reference_token));
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -11686,14 +12195,13 @@ class json_pointer
     */
     bool contains(const BasicJsonType* ptr) const
     {
-        using size_type = typename BasicJsonType::size_type;
         for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
         {
             switch (ptr->type())
             {
                 case detail::value_t::object:
                 {
-                    if (not ptr->contains(reference_token))
+                    if (!ptr->contains(reference_token))
                     {
                         // we did not find the key in the object
                         return false;
@@ -11710,21 +12218,21 @@ class json_pointer
                         // "-" always fails the range check
                         return false;
                     }
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() == 1 and not ("0" <= reference_token and reference_token <= "9")))
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() == 1 && !("0" <= reference_token && reference_token <= "9")))
                     {
                         // invalid char
                         return false;
                     }
                     if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() > 1))
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not ('1' <= reference_token[0] and reference_token[0] <= '9')))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!('1' <= reference_token[0] && reference_token[0] <= '9')))
                         {
                             // first char should be between '1' and '9'
                             return false;
                         }
                         for (std::size_t i = 1; i < reference_token.size(); i++)
                         {
-                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not ('0' <= reference_token[i] and reference_token[i] <= '9')))
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!('0' <= reference_token[i] && reference_token[i] <= '9')))
                             {
                                 // other char should be between '0' and '9'
                                 return false;
@@ -11732,7 +12240,7 @@ class json_pointer
                         }
                     }
 
-                    const auto idx = static_cast<size_type>(array_index(reference_token));
+                    const auto idx = array_index(reference_token);
                     if (idx >= ptr->size())
                     {
                         // index out of range
@@ -11808,11 +12316,11 @@ class json_pointer
                     pos != std::string::npos;
                     pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~', pos + 1))
             {
-                assert(reference_token[pos] == '~');
+                JSON_ASSERT(reference_token[pos] == '~');
 
                 // ~ must be followed by 0 or 1
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos == reference_token.size() - 1 or
-                                         (reference_token[pos + 1] != '0' and
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(pos == reference_token.size() - 1 ||
+                                         (reference_token[pos + 1] != '0' &&
                                           reference_token[pos + 1] != '1')))
                 {
                     JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(108, 0, "escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'"));
@@ -11843,7 +12351,7 @@ class json_pointer
     static void replace_substring(std::string& s, const std::string& f,
                                   const std::string& t)
     {
-        assert(not f.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!f.empty());
         for (auto pos = s.find(f);                // find first occurrence of f
                 pos != std::string::npos;         // make sure f was found
                 s.replace(pos, f.size(), t),      // replace with t, and
@@ -11938,7 +12446,7 @@ class json_pointer
     static BasicJsonType
     unflatten(const BasicJsonType& value)
     {
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not value.is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!value.is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(314, "only objects can be unflattened"));
         }
@@ -11948,7 +12456,7 @@ class json_pointer
         // iterate the JSON object values
         for (const auto& element : *value.m_value.object)
         {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not element.second.is_primitive()))
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!element.second.is_primitive()))
             {
                 JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(315, "values in object must be primitive"));
             }
@@ -11994,7 +12502,7 @@ class json_pointer
     friend bool operator!=(json_pointer const& lhs,
                            json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept
     {
-        return not (lhs == rhs);
+        return !(lhs == rhs);
     }
 
     /// the reference tokens
@@ -12022,23 +12530,30 @@ class json_ref
     using value_type = BasicJsonType;
 
     json_ref(value_type&& value)
-        : owned_value(std::move(value)), value_ref(&owned_value), is_rvalue(true)
+        : owned_value(std::move(value))
+        , value_ref(&owned_value)
+        , is_rvalue(true)
     {}
 
     json_ref(const value_type& value)
-        : value_ref(const_cast<value_type*>(&value)), is_rvalue(false)
+        : value_ref(const_cast<value_type*>(&value))
+        , is_rvalue(false)
     {}
 
     json_ref(std::initializer_list<json_ref> init)
-        : owned_value(init), value_ref(&owned_value), is_rvalue(true)
+        : owned_value(init)
+        , value_ref(&owned_value)
+        , is_rvalue(true)
     {}
 
     template <
         class... Args,
         enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<value_type, Args...>::value, int> = 0 >
     json_ref(Args && ... args)
-        : owned_value(std::forward<Args>(args)...), value_ref(&owned_value),
-          is_rvalue(true) {}
+        : owned_value(std::forward<Args>(args)...)
+        , value_ref(&owned_value)
+        , is_rvalue(true)
+    {}
 
     // class should be movable only
     json_ref(json_ref&&) = default;
@@ -12069,7 +12584,7 @@ class json_ref
   private:
     mutable value_type owned_value = nullptr;
     value_type* value_ref = nullptr;
-    const bool is_rvalue;
+    const bool is_rvalue = true;
 };
 }  // namespace detail
 }  // namespace nlohmann
@@ -12238,6 +12753,7 @@ class binary_writer
 {
     using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
     using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
 
   public:
     /*!
@@ -12247,7 +12763,7 @@ class binary_writer
     */
     explicit binary_writer(output_adapter_t<CharType> adapter) : oa(adapter)
     {
-        assert(oa);
+        JSON_ASSERT(oa);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -12404,18 +12920,7 @@ class binary_writer
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    if (static_cast<double>(j.m_value.number_float) >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) and
-                            static_cast<double>(j.m_value.number_float) <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()) and
-                            static_cast<double>(static_cast<float>(j.m_value.number_float)) == static_cast<double>(j.m_value.number_float))
-                    {
-                        oa->write_character(get_cbor_float_prefix(static_cast<float>(j.m_value.number_float)));
-                        write_number(static_cast<float>(j.m_value.number_float));
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        oa->write_character(get_cbor_float_prefix(j.m_value.number_float));
-                        write_number(j.m_value.number_float);
-                    }
+                    write_compact_float(j.m_value.number_float, detail::input_format_t::cbor);
                 }
                 break;
             }
@@ -12499,6 +13004,12 @@ class binary_writer
 
             case value_t::binary:
             {
+                if (j.m_value.binary->has_subtype())
+                {
+                    write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(0xd8));
+                    write_number(j.m_value.binary->subtype());
+                }
+
                 // step 1: write control byte and the binary array size
                 const auto N = j.m_value.binary->size();
                 if (N <= 0x17)
@@ -12646,28 +13157,28 @@ class binary_writer
                         // negative fixnum
                         write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(j.m_value.number_integer));
                     }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() and
+                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() &&
                              j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
                     {
                         // int 8
                         oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD0));
                         write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(j.m_value.number_integer));
                     }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() and
+                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() &&
                              j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
                     {
                         // int 16
                         oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD1));
                         write_number(static_cast<std::int16_t>(j.m_value.number_integer));
                     }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() and
+                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() &&
                              j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
                     {
                         // int 32
                         oa->write_character(to_char_type(0xD2));
                         write_number(static_cast<std::int32_t>(j.m_value.number_integer));
                     }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() and
+                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() &&
                              j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
                     {
                         // int 64
@@ -12714,8 +13225,7 @@ class binary_writer
 
             case value_t::number_float:
             {
-                oa->write_character(get_msgpack_float_prefix(j.m_value.number_float));
-                write_number(j.m_value.number_float);
+                write_compact_float(j.m_value.number_float, detail::input_format_t::msgpack);
                 break;
             }
 
@@ -12794,7 +13304,7 @@ class binary_writer
                 const auto N = j.m_value.binary->size();
                 if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
                 {
-                    std::uint8_t output_type;
+                    std::uint8_t output_type{};
                     bool fixed = true;
                     if (use_ext)
                     {
@@ -12829,37 +13339,25 @@ class binary_writer
                     }
 
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type(output_type));
-                    if (not fixed)
+                    if (!fixed)
                     {
                         write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(N));
                     }
                 }
                 else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint16_t>::max)())
                 {
-                    std::uint8_t output_type;
-                    if (use_ext)
-                    {
-                        output_type = 0xC8; // ext 16
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        output_type = 0xC5; // bin 16
-                    }
+                    std::uint8_t output_type = use_ext
+                                               ? 0xC8 // ext 16
+                                               : 0xC5; // bin 16
 
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type(output_type));
                     write_number(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(N));
                 }
                 else if (N <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max)())
                 {
-                    std::uint8_t output_type;
-                    if (use_ext)
-                    {
-                        output_type = 0xC9; // ext 32
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        output_type = 0xC6; // bin 32
-                    }
+                    std::uint8_t output_type = use_ext
+                                               ? 0xC9 // ext 32
+                                               : 0xC6; // bin 32
 
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type(output_type));
                     write_number(static_cast<std::uint32_t>(N));
@@ -12985,9 +13483,9 @@ class binary_writer
                 }
 
                 bool prefix_required = true;
-                if (use_type and not j.m_value.array->empty())
+                if (use_type && !j.m_value.array->empty())
                 {
-                    assert(use_count);
+                    JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
                     const CharType first_prefix = ubjson_prefix(j.front());
                     const bool same_prefix = std::all_of(j.begin() + 1, j.end(),
                                                          [this, first_prefix](const BasicJsonType & v)
@@ -13014,7 +13512,7 @@ class binary_writer
                     write_ubjson(el, use_count, use_type, prefix_required);
                 }
 
-                if (not use_count)
+                if (!use_count)
                 {
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type(']'));
                 }
@@ -13029,9 +13527,9 @@ class binary_writer
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type('['));
                 }
 
-                if (use_type and not j.m_value.binary->empty())
+                if (use_type && !j.m_value.binary->empty())
                 {
-                    assert(use_count);
+                    JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
                     oa->write_character('U');
                 }
@@ -13057,7 +13555,7 @@ class binary_writer
                     }
                 }
 
-                if (not use_count)
+                if (!use_count)
                 {
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type(']'));
                 }
@@ -13073,9 +13571,9 @@ class binary_writer
                 }
 
                 bool prefix_required = true;
-                if (use_type and not j.m_value.object->empty())
+                if (use_type && !j.m_value.object->empty())
                 {
-                    assert(use_count);
+                    JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
                     const CharType first_prefix = ubjson_prefix(j.front());
                     const bool same_prefix = std::all_of(j.begin(), j.end(),
                                                          [this, first_prefix](const BasicJsonType & v)
@@ -13106,7 +13604,7 @@ class binary_writer
                     write_ubjson(el.second, use_count, use_type, prefix_required);
                 }
 
-                if (not use_count)
+                if (!use_count)
                 {
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type('}'));
                 }
@@ -13207,7 +13705,7 @@ class binary_writer
     */
     static std::size_t calc_bson_integer_size(const std::int64_t value)
     {
-        return (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= value and value <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()
+        return (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= value && value <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)()
                ? sizeof(std::int32_t)
                : sizeof(std::int64_t);
     }
@@ -13218,7 +13716,7 @@ class binary_writer
     void write_bson_integer(const string_t& name,
                             const std::int64_t value)
     {
-        if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= value and value <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+        if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= value && value <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
         {
             write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x10); // int32
             write_number<std::int32_t, true>(static_cast<std::int32_t>(value));
@@ -13367,7 +13865,7 @@ class binary_writer
 
             // LCOV_EXCL_START
             default:
-                assert(false);
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);
                 return 0ul;
                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
         }
@@ -13414,7 +13912,7 @@ class binary_writer
 
             // LCOV_EXCL_START
             default:
-                assert(false);
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);
                 return;
                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
         }
@@ -13546,18 +14044,28 @@ class binary_writer
         }
         else
         {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(407, "integer number " + std::to_string(n) + " cannot be represented by UBJSON as it does not fit int64"));
+            if (add_prefix)
+            {
+                oa->write_character(to_char_type('H'));  // high-precision number
+            }
+
+            const auto number = BasicJsonType(n).dump();
+            write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(number.size(), true);
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < number.size(); ++i)
+            {
+                oa->write_character(to_char_type(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(number[i])));
+            }
         }
     }
 
     // UBJSON: write number (signed integer)
-    template<typename NumberType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_signed<NumberType>::value and
-                 not std::is_floating_point<NumberType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    template < typename NumberType, typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_signed<NumberType>::value&&
+                   !std::is_floating_point<NumberType>::value, int >::type = 0 >
     void write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(const NumberType n,
                                          const bool add_prefix)
     {
-        if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() <= n and n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
+        if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
         {
             if (add_prefix)
             {
@@ -13565,7 +14073,7 @@ class binary_writer
             }
             write_number(static_cast<std::int8_t>(n));
         }
-        else if (static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::min)()) <= n and n <= static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)()))
+        else if (static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::min)()) <= n && n <= static_cast<std::int64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)()))
         {
             if (add_prefix)
             {
@@ -13573,7 +14081,7 @@ class binary_writer
             }
             write_number(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(n));
         }
-        else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() <= n and n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
+        else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
         {
             if (add_prefix)
             {
@@ -13581,7 +14089,7 @@ class binary_writer
             }
             write_number(static_cast<std::int16_t>(n));
         }
-        else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= n and n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+        else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
         {
             if (add_prefix)
             {
@@ -13589,7 +14097,7 @@ class binary_writer
             }
             write_number(static_cast<std::int32_t>(n));
         }
-        else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() <= n and n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
+        else if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() <= n && n <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
         {
             if (add_prefix)
             {
@@ -13600,19 +14108,23 @@ class binary_writer
         // LCOV_EXCL_START
         else
         {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(407, "integer number " + std::to_string(n) + " cannot be represented by UBJSON as it does not fit int64"));
+            if (add_prefix)
+            {
+                oa->write_character(to_char_type('H'));  // high-precision number
+            }
+
+            const auto number = BasicJsonType(n).dump();
+            write_number_with_ubjson_prefix(number.size(), true);
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < number.size(); ++i)
+            {
+                oa->write_character(to_char_type(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(number[i])));
+            }
         }
         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
     }
 
     /*!
     @brief determine the type prefix of container values
-
-    @note This function does not need to be 100% accurate when it comes to
-          integer limits. In case a number exceeds the limits of int64_t,
-          this will be detected by a later call to function
-          write_number_with_ubjson_prefix. Therefore, we return 'L' for any
-          value that does not fit the previous limits.
     */
     CharType ubjson_prefix(const BasicJsonType& j) const noexcept
     {
@@ -13626,24 +14138,28 @@ class binary_writer
 
             case value_t::number_integer:
             {
-                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
+                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer && j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int8_t>::max)())
                 {
                     return 'i';
                 }
-                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
+                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer && j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint8_t>::max)())
                 {
                     return 'U';
                 }
-                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
+                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer && j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int16_t>::max)())
                 {
                     return 'I';
                 }
-                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
+                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer && j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int32_t>::max)())
                 {
                     return 'l';
                 }
-                // no check and assume int64_t (see note above)
-                return 'L';
+                if ((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::min)() <= j.m_value.number_integer && j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)())
+                {
+                    return 'L';
+                }
+                // anything else is treated as high-precision number
+                return 'H'; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
 
             case value_t::number_unsigned:
@@ -13664,8 +14180,12 @@ class binary_writer
                 {
                     return 'l';
                 }
-                // no check and assume int64_t (see note above)
-                return 'L';
+                if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max)()))
+                {
+                    return 'L';
+                }
+                // anything else is treated as high-precision number
+                return 'H'; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
 
             case value_t::number_float:
@@ -13728,20 +14248,40 @@ class binary_writer
         oa->write_characters(vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType));
     }
 
+    void write_compact_float(const number_float_t n, detail::input_format_t format)
+    {
+        if (static_cast<double>(n) >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) &&
+                static_cast<double>(n) <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()) &&
+                static_cast<double>(static_cast<float>(n)) == static_cast<double>(n))
+        {
+            oa->write_character(format == detail::input_format_t::cbor
+                                ? get_cbor_float_prefix(static_cast<float>(n))
+                                : get_msgpack_float_prefix(static_cast<float>(n)));
+            write_number(static_cast<float>(n));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            oa->write_character(format == detail::input_format_t::cbor
+                                ? get_cbor_float_prefix(n)
+                                : get_msgpack_float_prefix(n));
+            write_number(n);
+        }
+    }
+
   public:
     // The following to_char_type functions are implement the conversion
     // between uint8_t and CharType. In case CharType is not unsigned,
     // such a conversion is required to allow values greater than 128.
     // See <https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1286> for a discussion.
     template < typename C = CharType,
-               enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value and std::is_signed<char>::value > * = nullptr >
+               enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value && std::is_signed<char>::value > * = nullptr >
     static constexpr CharType to_char_type(std::uint8_t x) noexcept
     {
         return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&x);
     }
 
     template < typename C = CharType,
-               enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value and std::is_unsigned<char>::value > * = nullptr >
+               enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value && std::is_unsigned<char>::value > * = nullptr >
     static CharType to_char_type(std::uint8_t x) noexcept
     {
         static_assert(sizeof(std::uint8_t) == sizeof(CharType), "size of CharType must be equal to std::uint8_t");
@@ -13760,8 +14300,8 @@ class binary_writer
 
     template < typename InputCharType, typename C = CharType,
                enable_if_t <
-                   std::is_signed<C>::value and
-                   std::is_signed<char>::value and
+                   std::is_signed<C>::value &&
+                   std::is_signed<char>::value &&
                    std::is_same<char, typename std::remove_cv<InputCharType>::type>::value
                    > * = nullptr >
     static constexpr CharType to_char_type(InputCharType x) noexcept
@@ -13786,32 +14326,26 @@ class binary_writer
 
 #include <algorithm> // reverse, remove, fill, find, none_of
 #include <array> // array
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <clocale> // localeconv, lconv
 #include <cmath> // labs, isfinite, isnan, signbit
 #include <cstddef> // size_t, ptrdiff_t
 #include <cstdint> // uint8_t
 #include <cstdio> // snprintf
 #include <limits> // numeric_limits
-#include <string> // string
+#include <string> // string, char_traits
 #include <type_traits> // is_same
 #include <utility> // move
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_chars.hpp>
 
 
 #include <array> // array
-#include <cassert> // assert
 #include <cmath>   // signbit, isfinite
 #include <cstdint> // intN_t, uintN_t
 #include <cstring> // memcpy, memmove
 #include <limits> // numeric_limits
 #include <type_traits> // conditional
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/boolean_operators.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
 
@@ -13842,7 +14376,7 @@ For a detailed description of the algorithm see:
 namespace dtoa_impl
 {
 
-template <typename Target, typename Source>
+template<typename Target, typename Source>
 Target reinterpret_bits(const Source source)
 {
     static_assert(sizeof(Target) == sizeof(Source), "size mismatch");
@@ -13867,8 +14401,8 @@ struct diyfp // f * 2^e
     */
     static diyfp sub(const diyfp& x, const diyfp& y) noexcept
     {
-        assert(x.e == y.e);
-        assert(x.f >= y.f);
+        JSON_ASSERT(x.e == y.e);
+        JSON_ASSERT(x.f >= y.f);
 
         return {x.f - y.f, x.e};
     }
@@ -13944,7 +14478,7 @@ struct diyfp // f * 2^e
     */
     static diyfp normalize(diyfp x) noexcept
     {
-        assert(x.f != 0);
+        JSON_ASSERT(x.f != 0);
 
         while ((x.f >> 63u) == 0)
         {
@@ -13963,8 +14497,8 @@ struct diyfp // f * 2^e
     {
         const int delta = x.e - target_exponent;
 
-        assert(delta >= 0);
-        assert(((x.f << delta) >> delta) == x.f);
+        JSON_ASSERT(delta >= 0);
+        JSON_ASSERT(((x.f << delta) >> delta) == x.f);
 
         return {x.f << delta, target_exponent};
     }
@@ -13983,11 +14517,11 @@ boundaries.
 
 @pre value must be finite and positive
 */
-template <typename FloatType>
+template<typename FloatType>
 boundaries compute_boundaries(FloatType value)
 {
-    assert(std::isfinite(value));
-    assert(value > 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(std::isfinite(value));
+    JSON_ASSERT(value > 0);
 
     // Convert the IEEE representation into a diyfp.
     //
@@ -14036,7 +14570,7 @@ boundaries compute_boundaries(FloatType value)
     //      -----------------+------+------+-------------+-------------+---  (B)
     //                       v-     m-     v             m+            v+
 
-    const bool lower_boundary_is_closer = F == 0 and E > 1;
+    const bool lower_boundary_is_closer = F == 0 && E > 1;
     const diyfp m_plus = diyfp(2 * v.f + 1, v.e - 1);
     const diyfp m_minus = lower_boundary_is_closer
                           ? diyfp(4 * v.f - 1, v.e - 2)  // (B)
@@ -14267,18 +14801,18 @@ inline cached_power get_cached_power_for_binary_exponent(int e)
     //      k = ceil((kAlpha - e - 1) * 0.30102999566398114)
     // for |e| <= 1500, but doesn't require floating-point operations.
     // NB: log_10(2) ~= 78913 / 2^18
-    assert(e >= -1500);
-    assert(e <=  1500);
+    JSON_ASSERT(e >= -1500);
+    JSON_ASSERT(e <=  1500);
     const int f = kAlpha - e - 1;
     const int k = (f * 78913) / (1 << 18) + static_cast<int>(f > 0);
 
     const int index = (-kCachedPowersMinDecExp + k + (kCachedPowersDecStep - 1)) / kCachedPowersDecStep;
-    assert(index >= 0);
-    assert(static_cast<std::size_t>(index) < kCachedPowers.size());
+    JSON_ASSERT(index >= 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(index) < kCachedPowers.size());
 
     const cached_power cached = kCachedPowers[static_cast<std::size_t>(index)];
-    assert(kAlpha <= cached.e + e + 64);
-    assert(kGamma >= cached.e + e + 64);
+    JSON_ASSERT(kAlpha <= cached.e + e + 64);
+    JSON_ASSERT(kGamma >= cached.e + e + 64);
 
     return cached;
 }
@@ -14346,10 +14880,10 @@ inline int find_largest_pow10(const std::uint32_t n, std::uint32_t& pow10)
 inline void grisu2_round(char* buf, int len, std::uint64_t dist, std::uint64_t delta,
                          std::uint64_t rest, std::uint64_t ten_k)
 {
-    assert(len >= 1);
-    assert(dist <= delta);
-    assert(rest <= delta);
-    assert(ten_k > 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(len >= 1);
+    JSON_ASSERT(dist <= delta);
+    JSON_ASSERT(rest <= delta);
+    JSON_ASSERT(ten_k > 0);
 
     //               <--------------------------- delta ---->
     //                                  <---- dist --------->
@@ -14371,10 +14905,10 @@ inline void grisu2_round(char* buf, int len, std::uint64_t dist, std::uint64_t d
     // integer arithmetic.
 
     while (rest < dist
-            and delta - rest >= ten_k
-            and (rest + ten_k < dist or dist - rest > rest + ten_k - dist))
+            && delta - rest >= ten_k
+            && (rest + ten_k < dist || dist - rest > rest + ten_k - dist))
     {
-        assert(buf[len - 1] != '0');
+        JSON_ASSERT(buf[len - 1] != '0');
         buf[len - 1]--;
         rest += ten_k;
     }
@@ -14402,8 +14936,8 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
     // Grisu2 generates the digits of M+ from left to right and stops as soon as
     // V is in [M-,M+].
 
-    assert(M_plus.e >= kAlpha);
-    assert(M_plus.e <= kGamma);
+    JSON_ASSERT(M_plus.e >= kAlpha);
+    JSON_ASSERT(M_plus.e <= kGamma);
 
     std::uint64_t delta = diyfp::sub(M_plus, M_minus).f; // (significand of (M+ - M-), implicit exponent is e)
     std::uint64_t dist  = diyfp::sub(M_plus, w      ).f; // (significand of (M+ - w ), implicit exponent is e)
@@ -14424,7 +14958,7 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
     //
     // Generate the digits of the integral part p1 = d[n-1]...d[1]d[0]
 
-    assert(p1 > 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(p1 > 0);
 
     std::uint32_t pow10;
     const int k = find_largest_pow10(p1, pow10);
@@ -14460,7 +14994,7 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
         //      M+ = buffer * 10^n + (d * 10^(n-1) + r) + p2 * 2^e
         //         = (buffer * 10 + d) * 10^(n-1) + (r + p2 * 2^e)
         //
-        assert(d <= 9);
+        JSON_ASSERT(d <= 9);
         buffer[length++] = static_cast<char>('0' + d); // buffer := buffer * 10 + d
         //
         //      M+ = buffer * 10^(n-1) + (r + p2 * 2^e)
@@ -14547,7 +15081,7 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
     //
     // and stop as soon as 10^-m * r * 2^e <= delta * 2^e
 
-    assert(p2 > delta);
+    JSON_ASSERT(p2 > delta);
 
     int m = 0;
     for (;;)
@@ -14558,7 +15092,7 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
         //         = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * (10 * p2)                   ) * 2^e
         //         = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * ((10*p2 div 2^-e) * 2^-e + (10*p2 mod 2^-e)) * 2^e
         //
-        assert(p2 <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)() / 10);
+        JSON_ASSERT(p2 <= (std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max)() / 10);
         p2 *= 10;
         const std::uint64_t d = p2 >> -one.e;     // d = (10 * p2) div 2^-e
         const std::uint64_t r = p2 & (one.f - 1); // r = (10 * p2) mod 2^-e
@@ -14567,7 +15101,7 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
         //         = buffer * 10^-m + 10^-m * (1/10 * (d + r * 2^e))
         //         = (buffer * 10 + d) * 10^(-m-1) + 10^(-m-1) * r * 2^e
         //
-        assert(d <= 9);
+        JSON_ASSERT(d <= 9);
         buffer[length++] = static_cast<char>('0' + d); // buffer := buffer * 10 + d
         //
         //      M+ = buffer * 10^(-m-1) + 10^(-m-1) * r * 2^e
@@ -14628,8 +15162,8 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
 inline void grisu2(char* buf, int& len, int& decimal_exponent,
                    diyfp m_minus, diyfp v, diyfp m_plus)
 {
-    assert(m_plus.e == m_minus.e);
-    assert(m_plus.e == v.e);
+    JSON_ASSERT(m_plus.e == m_minus.e);
+    JSON_ASSERT(m_plus.e == v.e);
 
     //  --------(-----------------------+-----------------------)--------    (A)
     //          m-                      v                       m+
@@ -14683,15 +15217,15 @@ v = buf * 10^decimal_exponent
 len is the length of the buffer (number of decimal digits)
 The buffer must be large enough, i.e. >= max_digits10.
 */
-template <typename FloatType>
+template<typename FloatType>
 JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
 void grisu2(char* buf, int& len, int& decimal_exponent, FloatType value)
 {
     static_assert(diyfp::kPrecision >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits + 3,
                   "internal error: not enough precision");
 
-    assert(std::isfinite(value));
-    assert(value > 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(std::isfinite(value));
+    JSON_ASSERT(value > 0);
 
     // If the neighbors (and boundaries) of 'value' are always computed for double-precision
     // numbers, all float's can be recovered using strtod (and strtof). However, the resulting
@@ -14727,8 +15261,8 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
 JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
 inline char* append_exponent(char* buf, int e)
 {
-    assert(e > -1000);
-    assert(e <  1000);
+    JSON_ASSERT(e > -1000);
+    JSON_ASSERT(e <  1000);
 
     if (e < 0)
     {
@@ -14780,8 +15314,8 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
 inline char* format_buffer(char* buf, int len, int decimal_exponent,
                            int min_exp, int max_exp)
 {
-    assert(min_exp < 0);
-    assert(max_exp > 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(min_exp < 0);
+    JSON_ASSERT(max_exp > 0);
 
     const int k = len;
     const int n = len + decimal_exponent;
@@ -14790,7 +15324,7 @@ inline char* format_buffer(char* buf, int len, int decimal_exponent,
     // k is the length of the buffer (number of decimal digits)
     // n is the position of the decimal point relative to the start of the buffer.
 
-    if (k <= n and n <= max_exp)
+    if (k <= n && n <= max_exp)
     {
         // digits[000]
         // len <= max_exp + 2
@@ -14802,19 +15336,19 @@ inline char* format_buffer(char* buf, int len, int decimal_exponent,
         return buf + (static_cast<size_t>(n) + 2);
     }
 
-    if (0 < n and n <= max_exp)
+    if (0 < n && n <= max_exp)
     {
         // dig.its
         // len <= max_digits10 + 1
 
-        assert(k > n);
+        JSON_ASSERT(k > n);
 
         std::memmove(buf + (static_cast<size_t>(n) + 1), buf + n, static_cast<size_t>(k) - static_cast<size_t>(n));
         buf[n] = '.';
         return buf + (static_cast<size_t>(k) + 1U);
     }
 
-    if (min_exp < n and n <= 0)
+    if (min_exp < n && n <= 0)
     {
         // 0.[000]digits
         // len <= 2 + (-min_exp - 1) + max_digits10
@@ -14859,13 +15393,13 @@ format. Returns an iterator pointing past-the-end of the decimal representation.
 @note The buffer must be large enough.
 @note The result is NOT null-terminated.
 */
-template <typename FloatType>
+template<typename FloatType>
 JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1, 2)
 JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
 char* to_chars(char* first, const char* last, FloatType value)
 {
     static_cast<void>(last); // maybe unused - fix warning
-    assert(std::isfinite(value));
+    JSON_ASSERT(std::isfinite(value));
 
     // Use signbit(value) instead of (value < 0) since signbit works for -0.
     if (std::signbit(value))
@@ -14883,7 +15417,7 @@ char* to_chars(char* first, const char* last, FloatType value)
         return first;
     }
 
-    assert(last - first >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
+    JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
 
     // Compute v = buffer * 10^decimal_exponent.
     // The decimal digits are stored in the buffer, which needs to be interpreted
@@ -14893,16 +15427,16 @@ char* to_chars(char* first, const char* last, FloatType value)
     int decimal_exponent = 0;
     dtoa_impl::grisu2(first, len, decimal_exponent, value);
 
-    assert(len <= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
+    JSON_ASSERT(len <= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
 
     // Format the buffer like printf("%.*g", prec, value)
     constexpr int kMinExp = -4;
     // Use digits10 here to increase compatibility with version 2.
     constexpr int kMaxExp = std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits10;
 
-    assert(last - first >= kMaxExp + 2);
-    assert(last - first >= 2 + (-kMinExp - 1) + std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
-    assert(last - first >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10 + 6);
+    JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= kMaxExp + 2);
+    JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= 2 + (-kMinExp - 1) + std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10);
+    JSON_ASSERT(last - first >= std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::max_digits10 + 6);
 
     return dtoa_impl::format_buffer(first, len, decimal_exponent, kMinExp, kMaxExp);
 }
@@ -14960,8 +15494,8 @@ class serializer
                error_handler_t error_handler_ = error_handler_t::strict)
         : o(std::move(s))
         , loc(std::localeconv())
-        , thousands_sep(loc->thousands_sep == nullptr ? '\0' : * (loc->thousands_sep))
-        , decimal_point(loc->decimal_point == nullptr ? '\0' : * (loc->decimal_point))
+        , thousands_sep(loc->thousands_sep == nullptr ? '\0' : std::char_traits<char>::to_char_type(* (loc->thousands_sep)))
+        , decimal_point(loc->decimal_point == nullptr ? '\0' : std::char_traits<char>::to_char_type(* (loc->decimal_point)))
         , indent_char(ichar)
         , indent_string(512, indent_char)
         , error_handler(error_handler_)
@@ -15036,8 +15570,8 @@ class serializer
                     }
 
                     // last element
-                    assert(i != val.m_value.object->cend());
-                    assert(std::next(i) == val.m_value.object->cend());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(i != val.m_value.object->cend());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(std::next(i) == val.m_value.object->cend());
                     o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
                     o->write_character('\"');
                     dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii);
@@ -15064,8 +15598,8 @@ class serializer
                     }
 
                     // last element
-                    assert(i != val.m_value.object->cend());
-                    assert(std::next(i) == val.m_value.object->cend());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(i != val.m_value.object->cend());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(std::next(i) == val.m_value.object->cend());
                     o->write_character('\"');
                     dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii);
                     o->write_characters("\":", 2);
@@ -15106,7 +15640,7 @@ class serializer
                     }
 
                     // last element
-                    assert(not val.m_value.array->empty());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(!val.m_value.array->empty());
                     o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent);
                     dump(val.m_value.array->back(), true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent);
 
@@ -15127,7 +15661,7 @@ class serializer
                     }
 
                     // last element
-                    assert(not val.m_value.array->empty());
+                    JSON_ASSERT(!val.m_value.array->empty());
                     dump(val.m_value.array->back(), false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent);
 
                     o->write_character(']');
@@ -15161,7 +15695,7 @@ class serializer
 
                     o->write_characters("\"bytes\": [", 10);
 
-                    if (not val.m_value.binary->empty())
+                    if (!val.m_value.binary->empty())
                     {
                         for (auto i = val.m_value.binary->cbegin();
                                 i != val.m_value.binary->cend() - 1; ++i)
@@ -15192,7 +15726,7 @@ class serializer
                 {
                     o->write_characters("{\"bytes\":[", 10);
 
-                    if (not val.m_value.binary->empty())
+                    if (!val.m_value.binary->empty())
                     {
                         for (auto i = val.m_value.binary->cbegin();
                                 i != val.m_value.binary->cend() - 1; ++i)
@@ -15261,7 +15795,7 @@ class serializer
             }
 
             default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
     }
 
@@ -15353,7 +15887,7 @@ class serializer
                         {
                             // escape control characters (0x00..0x1F) or, if
                             // ensure_ascii parameter is used, non-ASCII characters
-                            if ((codepoint <= 0x1F) or (ensure_ascii and (codepoint >= 0x7F)))
+                            if ((codepoint <= 0x1F) || (ensure_ascii && (codepoint >= 0x7F)))
                             {
                                 if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
                                 {
@@ -15460,14 +15994,14 @@ class serializer
                         }
 
                         default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                            assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                            JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                     }
                     break;
                 }
 
                 default:  // decode found yet incomplete multi-byte code point
                 {
-                    if (not ensure_ascii)
+                    if (!ensure_ascii)
                     {
                         // code point will not be escaped - copy byte to buffer
                         string_buffer[bytes++] = s[i];
@@ -15523,7 +16057,7 @@ class serializer
                 }
 
                 default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                    JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
         }
     }
@@ -15571,11 +16105,11 @@ class serializer
     @param[in] x  integer number (signed or unsigned) to dump
     @tparam NumberType either @a number_integer_t or @a number_unsigned_t
     */
-    template<typename NumberType, detail::enable_if_t<
-                 std::is_same<NumberType, number_unsigned_t>::value or
-                 std::is_same<NumberType, number_integer_t>::value or
-                 std::is_same<NumberType, binary_char_t>::value,
-                 int> = 0>
+    template < typename NumberType, detail::enable_if_t <
+                   std::is_same<NumberType, number_unsigned_t>::value ||
+                   std::is_same<NumberType, number_integer_t>::value ||
+                   std::is_same<NumberType, binary_char_t>::value,
+                   int > = 0 >
     void dump_integer(NumberType x)
     {
         static constexpr std::array<std::array<char, 2>, 100> digits_to_99
@@ -15604,7 +16138,7 @@ class serializer
         // use a pointer to fill the buffer
         auto buffer_ptr = number_buffer.begin();
 
-        const bool is_negative = std::is_same<NumberType, number_integer_t>::value and not(x >= 0); // see issue #755
+        const bool is_negative = std::is_same<NumberType, number_integer_t>::value && !(x >= 0); // see issue #755
         number_unsigned_t abs_value;
 
         unsigned int n_chars;
@@ -15624,7 +16158,7 @@ class serializer
         }
 
         // spare 1 byte for '\0'
-        assert(n_chars < number_buffer.size() - 1);
+        JSON_ASSERT(n_chars < number_buffer.size() - 1);
 
         // jump to the end to generate the string from backward
         // so we later avoid reversing the result
@@ -15665,7 +16199,7 @@ class serializer
     void dump_float(number_float_t x)
     {
         // NaN / inf
-        if (not std::isfinite(x))
+        if (!std::isfinite(x))
         {
             o->write_characters("null", 4);
             return;
@@ -15677,8 +16211,8 @@ class serializer
         //
         // NB: The test below works if <long double> == <double>.
         static constexpr bool is_ieee_single_or_double
-            = (std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::is_iec559 and std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits == 24 and std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_exponent == 128) or
-              (std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::is_iec559 and std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits == 53 and std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_exponent == 1024);
+            = (std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::is_iec559 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits == 24 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_exponent == 128) ||
+              (std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::is_iec559 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits == 53 && std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_exponent == 1024);
 
         dump_float(x, std::integral_constant<bool, is_ieee_single_or_double>());
     }
@@ -15700,9 +16234,9 @@ class serializer
         std::ptrdiff_t len = (std::snprintf)(number_buffer.data(), number_buffer.size(), "%.*g", d, x);
 
         // negative value indicates an error
-        assert(len > 0);
+        JSON_ASSERT(len > 0);
         // check if buffer was large enough
-        assert(static_cast<std::size_t>(len) < number_buffer.size());
+        JSON_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(len) < number_buffer.size());
 
         // erase thousands separator
         if (thousands_sep != '\0')
@@ -15710,12 +16244,12 @@ class serializer
             const auto end = std::remove(number_buffer.begin(),
                                          number_buffer.begin() + len, thousands_sep);
             std::fill(end, number_buffer.end(), '\0');
-            assert((end - number_buffer.begin()) <= len);
+            JSON_ASSERT((end - number_buffer.begin()) <= len);
             len = (end - number_buffer.begin());
         }
 
         // convert decimal point to '.'
-        if (decimal_point != '\0' and decimal_point != '.')
+        if (decimal_point != '\0' && decimal_point != '.')
         {
             const auto dec_pos = std::find(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.end(), decimal_point);
             if (dec_pos != number_buffer.end())
@@ -15731,7 +16265,7 @@ class serializer
             std::none_of(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.begin() + len + 1,
                          [](char c)
         {
-            return c == '.' or c == 'e';
+            return c == '.' || c == 'e';
         });
 
         if (value_is_int_like)
@@ -15790,7 +16324,7 @@ class serializer
                 : (0xFFu >> type) & (byte);
 
         std::size_t index = 256u + static_cast<size_t>(state) * 16u + static_cast<size_t>(type);
-        assert(index < 400);
+        JSON_ASSERT(index < 400);
         state = utf8d[index];
         return state;
     }
@@ -15802,7 +16336,7 @@ class serializer
      */
     number_unsigned_t remove_sign(number_unsigned_t x)
     {
-        assert(false); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        JSON_ASSERT(false); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         return x; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
     }
 
@@ -15817,7 +16351,7 @@ class serializer
      */
     inline number_unsigned_t remove_sign(number_integer_t x) noexcept
     {
-        assert(x < 0 and x < (std::numeric_limits<number_integer_t>::max)());
+        JSON_ASSERT(x < 0 && x < (std::numeric_limits<number_integer_t>::max)());
         return static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(-(x + 1)) + 1;
     }
 
@@ -15853,6 +16387,179 @@ class serializer
 
 // #include <nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp>
 
+// #include <nlohmann/ordered_map.hpp>
+
+
+#include <functional> // less
+#include <memory> // allocator
+#include <utility> // pair
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+namespace nlohmann
+{
+
+/// ordered_map: a minimal map-like container that preserves insertion order
+/// for use within nlohmann::basic_json<ordered_map>
+template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
+          class Allocator = std::allocator<std::pair<const Key, T>>>
+                  struct ordered_map : std::vector<std::pair<const Key, T>, Allocator>
+{
+    using key_type = Key;
+    using mapped_type = T;
+    using Container = std::vector<std::pair<const Key, T>, Allocator>;
+    using typename Container::iterator;
+    using typename Container::const_iterator;
+    using typename Container::size_type;
+    using typename Container::value_type;
+
+    // Explicit constructors instead of `using Container::Container`
+    // otherwise older compilers choke on it (GCC <= 5.5, xcode <= 9.4)
+    ordered_map(const Allocator& alloc = Allocator()) : Container{alloc} {}
+    template <class It>
+    ordered_map(It first, It last, const Allocator& alloc = Allocator())
+        : Container{first, last, alloc} {}
+    ordered_map(std::initializer_list<T> init, const Allocator& alloc = Allocator() )
+        : Container{init, alloc} {}
+
+    std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(const key_type& key, T&& t)
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                return {it, false};
+            }
+        }
+        Container::emplace_back(key, t);
+        return {--this->end(), true};
+    }
+
+    T& operator[](const Key& key)
+    {
+        return emplace(key, T{}).first->second;
+    }
+
+    const T& operator[](const Key& key) const
+    {
+        return at(key);
+    }
+
+    T& at(const Key& key)
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                return it->second;
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw std::out_of_range("key not found");
+    }
+
+    const T& at(const Key& key) const
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                return it->second;
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw std::out_of_range("key not found");
+    }
+
+    size_type erase(const Key& key)
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                // Since we cannot move const Keys, re-construct them in place
+                for (auto next = it; ++next != this->end(); ++it)
+                {
+                    it->~value_type(); // Destroy but keep allocation
+                    new (&*it) value_type{std::move(*next)};
+                }
+                Container::pop_back();
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    iterator erase(iterator pos)
+    {
+        auto it = pos;
+
+        // Since we cannot move const Keys, re-construct them in place
+        for (auto next = it; ++next != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            it->~value_type(); // Destroy but keep allocation
+            new (&*it) value_type{std::move(*next)};
+        }
+        Container::pop_back();
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    size_type count(const Key& key) const
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    iterator find(const Key& key)
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                return it;
+            }
+        }
+        return Container::end();
+    }
+
+    const_iterator find(const Key& key) const
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == key)
+            {
+                return it;
+            }
+        }
+        return Container::end();
+    }
+
+    std::pair<iterator, bool> insert( value_type&& value )
+    {
+        return emplace(value.first, std::move(value.second));
+    }
+
+    std::pair<iterator, bool> insert( const value_type& value )
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->first == value.first)
+            {
+                return {it, false};
+            }
+        }
+        Container::push_back(value);
+        return {--this->end(), true};
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace nlohmann
+
 
 /*!
 @brief namespace for Niels Lohmann
@@ -15977,10 +16684,12 @@ class basic_json
     static ::nlohmann::detail::parser<basic_json, InputAdapterType> parser(
         InputAdapterType adapter,
         detail::parser_callback_t<basic_json>cb = nullptr,
-        bool allow_exceptions = true
-    )
+        const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+        const bool ignore_comments = false
+                                 )
     {
-        return ::nlohmann::detail::parser<basic_json, InputAdapterType>(std::move(adapter), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions);
+        return ::nlohmann::detail::parser<basic_json, InputAdapterType>(std::move(adapter),
+                std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments);
     }
 
     using primitive_iterator_t = ::nlohmann::detail::primitive_iterator_t;
@@ -16009,6 +16718,8 @@ class basic_json
     using json_serializer = JSONSerializer<T, SFINAE>;
     /// how to treat decoding errors
     using error_handler_t = detail::error_handler_t;
+    /// how to treat CBOR tags
+    using cbor_tag_handler_t = detail::cbor_tag_handler_t;
     /// helper type for initializer lists of basic_json values
     using initializer_list_t = std::initializer_list<detail::json_ref<basic_json>>;
 
@@ -16121,7 +16832,7 @@ class basic_json
     {
         basic_json result;
 
-        result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2017 Niels Lohmann";
+        result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2020 Niels Lohmann";
         result["name"] = "JSON for Modern C++";
         result["url"] = "https://github.com/nlohmann/json";
         result["version"]["string"] =
@@ -16703,7 +17414,7 @@ class basic_json
         };
         std::unique_ptr<T, decltype(deleter)> object(AllocatorTraits::allocate(alloc, 1), deleter);
         AllocatorTraits::construct(alloc, object.get(), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-        assert(object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(object != nullptr);
         return object.release();
     }
 
@@ -16829,7 +17540,7 @@ class basic_json
                     object = nullptr;  // silence warning, see #821
                     if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(t == value_t::null))
                     {
-                        JSON_THROW(other_error::create(500, "961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 3.8.0")); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                        JSON_THROW(other_error::create(500, "961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 3.9.1")); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -16916,7 +17627,7 @@ class basic_json
                 }
             }
 
-            while (not stack.empty())
+            while (!stack.empty())
             {
                 // move the last item to local variable to be processed
                 basic_json current_item(std::move(stack.back()));
@@ -16998,10 +17709,10 @@ class basic_json
     */
     void assert_invariant() const noexcept
     {
-        assert(m_type != value_t::object or m_value.object != nullptr);
-        assert(m_type != value_t::array or m_value.array != nullptr);
-        assert(m_type != value_t::string or m_value.string != nullptr);
-        assert(m_type != value_t::binary or m_value.binary != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_type != value_t::object || m_value.object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_type != value_t::array || m_value.array != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_type != value_t::string || m_value.string != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_type != value_t::binary || m_value.binary != nullptr);
     }
 
   public:
@@ -17209,10 +17920,10 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 2.1.0
     */
-    template <typename CompatibleType,
-              typename U = detail::uncvref_t<CompatibleType>,
-              detail::enable_if_t<
-                  not detail::is_basic_json<U>::value and detail::is_compatible_type<basic_json_t, U>::value, int> = 0>
+    template < typename CompatibleType,
+               typename U = detail::uncvref_t<CompatibleType>,
+               detail::enable_if_t <
+                   !detail::is_basic_json<U>::value && detail::is_compatible_type<basic_json_t, U>::value, int > = 0 >
     basic_json(CompatibleType && val) noexcept(noexcept(
                 JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(std::declval<basic_json_t&>(),
                                            std::forward<CompatibleType>(val))))
@@ -17247,9 +17958,9 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 3.2.0
     */
-    template <typename BasicJsonType,
-              detail::enable_if_t<
-                  detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value and not std::is_same<basic_json, BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+    template < typename BasicJsonType,
+               detail::enable_if_t <
+                   detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value&& !std::is_same<basic_json, BasicJsonType>::value, int > = 0 >
     basic_json(const BasicJsonType& val)
     {
         using other_boolean_t = typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t;
@@ -17294,7 +18005,7 @@ class basic_json
                 m_type = value_t::discarded;
                 break;
             default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
         assert_invariant();
     }
@@ -17382,11 +18093,11 @@ class basic_json
         bool is_an_object = std::all_of(init.begin(), init.end(),
                                         [](const detail::json_ref<basic_json>& element_ref)
         {
-            return element_ref->is_array() and element_ref->size() == 2 and (*element_ref)[0].is_string();
+            return element_ref->is_array() && element_ref->size() == 2 && (*element_ref)[0].is_string();
         });
 
         // adjust type if type deduction is not wanted
-        if (not type_deduction)
+        if (!type_deduction)
         {
             // if array is wanted, do not create an object though possible
             if (manual_type == value_t::array)
@@ -17395,7 +18106,7 @@ class basic_json
             }
 
             // if object is wanted but impossible, throw an exception
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(manual_type == value_t::object and not is_an_object))
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(manual_type == value_t::object && !is_an_object))
             {
                 JSON_THROW(type_error::create(301, "cannot create object from initializer list"));
             }
@@ -17689,13 +18400,13 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
-    template<class InputIT, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value or
-                 std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    template < class InputIT, typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
+                   std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int >::type = 0 >
     basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last)
     {
-        assert(first.m_object != nullptr);
-        assert(last.m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(first.m_object != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(last.m_object != nullptr);
 
         // make sure iterator fits the current value
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object))
@@ -17715,8 +18426,8 @@ class basic_json
             case value_t::number_unsigned:
             case value_t::string:
             {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()
-                                         or not last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end()))
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()
+                                         || !last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end()))
                 {
                     JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(204, "iterators out of range"));
                 }
@@ -17792,9 +18503,9 @@ class basic_json
     // other constructors and destructor //
     ///////////////////////////////////////
 
-    template <typename JsonRef,
-              detail::enable_if_t<detail::conjunction<detail::is_json_ref<JsonRef>,
-                                  std::is_same<typename JsonRef::value_type, basic_json>>::value, int> = 0 >
+    template<typename JsonRef,
+             detail::enable_if_t<detail::conjunction<detail::is_json_ref<JsonRef>,
+                                 std::is_same<typename JsonRef::value_type, basic_json>>::value, int> = 0 >
     basic_json(const JsonRef& ref) : basic_json(ref.moved_or_copied()) {}
 
     /*!
@@ -17949,9 +18660,9 @@ class basic_json
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
     basic_json& operator=(basic_json other) noexcept (
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value and
+        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&&
         std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
     )
     {
@@ -18017,7 +18728,8 @@ class basic_json
     @param[in] error_handler  how to react on decoding errors; there are three
     possible values: `strict` (throws and exception in case a decoding error
     occurs; default), `replace` (replace invalid UTF-8 sequences with U+FFFD),
-    and `ignore` (ignore invalid UTF-8 sequences during serialization).
+    and `ignore` (ignore invalid UTF-8 sequences during serialization; all
+    bytes are copied to the output unchanged).
 
     @return string containing the serialization of the JSON value
 
@@ -18130,7 +18842,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     constexpr bool is_primitive() const noexcept
     {
-        return is_null() or is_string() or is_boolean() or is_number() or is_binary();
+        return is_null() || is_string() || is_boolean() || is_number() || is_binary();
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -18157,7 +18869,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     constexpr bool is_structured() const noexcept
     {
-        return is_array() or is_object();
+        return is_array() || is_object();
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -18231,7 +18943,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     constexpr bool is_number() const noexcept
     {
-        return is_number_integer() or is_number_float();
+        return is_number_integer() || is_number_float();
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -18260,7 +18972,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     constexpr bool is_number_integer() const noexcept
     {
-        return m_type == value_t::number_integer or m_type == value_t::number_unsigned;
+        return m_type == value_t::number_integer || m_type == value_t::number_unsigned;
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -18641,9 +19353,9 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 3.2.0
     */
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t<
-                 not std::is_same<BasicJsonType, basic_json>::value and
-                 detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, detail::enable_if_t <
+                   !std::is_same<BasicJsonType, basic_json>::value&&
+                   detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int > = 0 >
     BasicJsonType get() const
     {
         return *this;
@@ -18688,19 +19400,19 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 2.1.0
     */
-    template<typename ValueTypeCV, typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>,
-             detail::enable_if_t <
-                 not detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value and
-                 detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value and
-                 not detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
-                 int> = 0>
+    template < typename ValueTypeCV, typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>,
+               detail::enable_if_t <
+                   !detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value &&
+                   detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value &&
+                   !detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
+                   int > = 0 >
     ValueType get() const noexcept(noexcept(
                                        JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), std::declval<ValueType&>())))
     {
         // we cannot static_assert on ValueTypeCV being non-const, because
         // there is support for get<const basic_json_t>(), which is why we
         // still need the uncvref
-        static_assert(not std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
+        static_assert(!std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
                       "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()");
         static_assert(std::is_default_constructible<ValueType>::value,
                       "types must be DefaultConstructible when used with get()");
@@ -18741,14 +19453,14 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 2.1.0
     */
-    template<typename ValueTypeCV, typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>,
-             detail::enable_if_t<not std::is_same<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value and
-                                 detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
-                                 int> = 0>
+    template < typename ValueTypeCV, typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>,
+               detail::enable_if_t < !std::is_same<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value &&
+                                     detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
+                                     int > = 0 >
     ValueType get() const noexcept(noexcept(
                                        JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>())))
     {
-        static_assert(not std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
+        static_assert(!std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
                       "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()");
         return JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this);
     }
@@ -18786,11 +19498,11 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 3.3.0
     */
-    template<typename ValueType,
-             detail::enable_if_t <
-                 not detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value and
-                 detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
-                 int> = 0>
+    template < typename ValueType,
+               detail::enable_if_t <
+                   !detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value&&
+                   detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
+                   int > = 0 >
     ValueType & get_to(ValueType& v) const noexcept(noexcept(
                 JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), v)))
     {
@@ -18798,6 +19510,18 @@ class basic_json
         return v;
     }
 
+    // specialization to allow to call get_to with a basic_json value
+    // see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2175
+    template<typename ValueType,
+             detail::enable_if_t <
+                 detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value,
+                 int> = 0>
+    ValueType & get_to(ValueType& v) const
+    {
+        v = *this;
+        return v;
+    }
+
     template <
         typename T, std::size_t N,
         typename Array = T (&)[N],
@@ -18850,9 +19574,9 @@ class basic_json
     @brief get a pointer value (implicit)
     @copydoc get_ptr()
     */
-    template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value and
-                 std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<PointerType>::type>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    template < typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value&&
+                   std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<PointerType>::type>::value, int >::type = 0 >
     constexpr auto get_ptr() const noexcept -> decltype(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>().get_impl_ptr(std::declval<PointerType>()))
     {
         // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>() const
@@ -18944,9 +19668,9 @@ class basic_json
     @brief get a reference value (implicit)
     @copydoc get_ref()
     */
-    template<typename ReferenceType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_reference<ReferenceType>::value and
-                 std::is_const<typename std::remove_reference<ReferenceType>::type>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    template < typename ReferenceType, typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_reference<ReferenceType>::value&&
+                   std::is_const<typename std::remove_reference<ReferenceType>::type>::value, int >::type = 0 >
     ReferenceType get_ref() const
     {
         // delegate call to get_ref_impl
@@ -18983,17 +19707,17 @@ class basic_json
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
     template < typename ValueType, typename std::enable_if <
-                   not std::is_pointer<ValueType>::value and
-                   not std::is_same<ValueType, detail::json_ref<basic_json>>::value and
-                   not std::is_same<ValueType, typename string_t::value_type>::value and
-                   not detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value
-                   and not std::is_same<ValueType, std::initializer_list<typename string_t::value_type>>::value
-#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && (defined(__GNUC__) || (defined(_MSC_VER) and _MSC_VER >= 1910 and _MSC_VER <= 1914))
-                   and not std::is_same<ValueType, typename std::string_view>::value
-#endif
-                   and detail::is_detected<detail::get_template_function, const basic_json_t&, ValueType>::value
+                   !std::is_pointer<ValueType>::value&&
+                   !std::is_same<ValueType, detail::json_ref<basic_json>>::value&&
+                   !std::is_same<ValueType, typename string_t::value_type>::value&&
+                   !detail::is_basic_json<ValueType>::value
+                   && !std::is_same<ValueType, std::initializer_list<typename string_t::value_type>>::value
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && (defined(__GNUC__) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1910 && _MSC_VER <= 1914))
+                   && !std::is_same<ValueType, typename std::string_view>::value
+#endif
+                   && detail::is_detected<detail::get_template_function, const basic_json_t&, ValueType>::value
                    , int >::type = 0 >
-    operator ValueType() const
+    JSON_EXPLICIT operator ValueType() const
     {
         // delegate the call to get<>() const
         return get<ValueType>();
@@ -19010,7 +19734,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     binary_t& get_binary()
     {
-        if (not is_binary())
+        if (!is_binary())
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be binary, but is " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -19021,7 +19745,7 @@ class basic_json
     /// @copydoc get_binary()
     const binary_t& get_binary() const
     {
-        if (not is_binary())
+        if (!is_binary())
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be binary, but is " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -19399,7 +20123,7 @@ class basic_json
         // const operator[] only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            assert(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end());
+            JSON_ASSERT(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end());
             return m_value.object->find(key)->second;
         }
 
@@ -19491,7 +20215,7 @@ class basic_json
         // at only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            assert(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end());
+            JSON_ASSERT(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end());
             return m_value.object->find(key)->second;
         }
 
@@ -19548,9 +20272,10 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
-    template<class ValueType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_convertible<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value
-                 and not std::is_same<value_t, ValueType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    // using std::is_convertible in a std::enable_if will fail when using explicit conversions
+    template < class ValueType, typename std::enable_if <
+                   detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value
+                   && !std::is_same<value_t, ValueType>::value, int >::type = 0 >
     ValueType value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, const ValueType& default_value) const
     {
         // at only works for objects
@@ -19560,7 +20285,7 @@ class basic_json
             const auto it = find(key);
             if (it != end())
             {
-                return *it;
+                return it->template get<ValueType>();
             }
 
             return default_value;
@@ -19622,7 +20347,7 @@ class basic_json
     @since version 2.0.2
     */
     template<class ValueType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_convertible<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value, int>::type = 0>
+                 detail::is_getable<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value, int>::type = 0>
     ValueType value(const json_pointer& ptr, const ValueType& default_value) const
     {
         // at only works for objects
@@ -19631,7 +20356,7 @@ class basic_json
             // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value
             JSON_TRY
             {
-                return ptr.get_checked(this);
+                return ptr.get_checked(this).template get<ValueType>();
             }
             JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH (out_of_range&)
             {
@@ -19784,10 +20509,10 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
-    template<class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value or
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int>::type
-             = 0>
+    template < class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
+                   std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int >::type
+               = 0 >
     IteratorType erase(IteratorType pos)
     {
         // make sure iterator fits the current value
@@ -19807,7 +20532,7 @@ class basic_json
             case value_t::string:
             case value_t::binary:
             {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not pos.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!pos.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
                 {
                     JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(205, "iterator out of range"));
                 }
@@ -19897,14 +20622,14 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
-    template<class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value or
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int>::type
-             = 0>
+    template < class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
+                   std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int >::type
+               = 0 >
     IteratorType erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
     {
         // make sure iterator fits the current value
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(this != first.m_object or this != last.m_object))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(this != first.m_object || this != last.m_object))
         {
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(203, "iterators do not fit current value"));
         }
@@ -19920,8 +20645,8 @@ class basic_json
             case value_t::string:
             case value_t::binary:
             {
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(not first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()
-                                       or not last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end()))
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(!first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()
+                                       || !last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end()))
                 {
                     JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(204, "iterators out of range"));
                 }
@@ -20166,11 +20891,11 @@ class basic_json
 
     @since version 3.6.0
     */
-    template<typename KeyT, typename std::enable_if<
-                 not std::is_same<typename std::decay<KeyT>::type, json_pointer>::value, int>::type = 0>
+    template < typename KeyT, typename std::enable_if <
+                   !std::is_same<typename std::decay<KeyT>::type, json_pointer>::value, int >::type = 0 >
     bool contains(KeyT && key) const
     {
-        return is_object() and m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyT>(key)) != m_value.object->end();
+        return is_object() && m_value.object->find(std::forward<KeyT>(key)) != m_value.object->end();
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -20988,7 +21713,7 @@ class basic_json
     void push_back(basic_json&& val)
     {
         // push_back only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_array())))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_array())))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, "cannot use push_back() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21023,7 +21748,7 @@ class basic_json
     void push_back(const basic_json& val)
     {
         // push_back only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_array())))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_array())))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, "cannot use push_back() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21073,7 +21798,7 @@ class basic_json
     void push_back(const typename object_t::value_type& val)
     {
         // push_back only works for null objects or objects
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_object())))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_object())))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, "cannot use push_back() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21127,7 +21852,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     void push_back(initializer_list_t init)
     {
-        if (is_object() and init.size() == 2 and (*init.begin())->is_string())
+        if (is_object() && init.size() == 2 && (*init.begin())->is_string())
         {
             basic_json&& key = init.begin()->moved_or_copied();
             push_back(typename object_t::value_type(
@@ -21176,7 +21901,7 @@ class basic_json
     reference emplace_back(Args&& ... args)
     {
         // emplace_back only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_array())))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_array())))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, "cannot use emplace_back() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21229,7 +21954,7 @@ class basic_json
     std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&& ... args)
     {
         // emplace only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_object())))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(is_null() || is_object())))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, "cannot use emplace() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21259,7 +21984,7 @@ class basic_json
     iterator insert_iterator(const_iterator pos, Args&& ... args)
     {
         iterator result(this);
-        assert(m_value.array != nullptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_value.array != nullptr);
 
         auto insert_pos = std::distance(m_value.array->begin(), pos.m_it.array_iterator);
         m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
@@ -21396,7 +22121,7 @@ class basic_json
     iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
     {
         // insert only works for arrays
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not is_array()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_array()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21449,7 +22174,7 @@ class basic_json
     iterator insert(const_iterator pos, initializer_list_t ilist)
     {
         // insert only works for arrays
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not is_array()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_array()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21490,7 +22215,7 @@ class basic_json
     void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
     {
         // insert only works for objects
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21502,7 +22227,7 @@ class basic_json
         }
 
         // passed iterators must belong to objects
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not first.m_object->is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!first.m_object->is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterators first and last must point to objects"));
         }
@@ -21539,11 +22264,11 @@ class basic_json
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, "cannot use update() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not j.is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, "cannot use update() with " + std::string(j.type_name())));
         }
@@ -21590,7 +22315,7 @@ class basic_json
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, "cannot use update() with " + std::string(type_name())));
         }
@@ -21602,8 +22327,8 @@ class basic_json
         }
 
         // passed iterators must belong to objects
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not first.m_object->is_object()
-                                 or not last.m_object->is_object()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!first.m_object->is_object()
+                                 || !last.m_object->is_object()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterators first and last must point to objects"));
         }
@@ -21632,9 +22357,9 @@ class basic_json
     @since version 1.0.0
     */
     void swap(reference other) noexcept (
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value and
+        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&&
         std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
     )
     {
@@ -21646,6 +22371,34 @@ class basic_json
     /*!
     @brief exchanges the values
 
+    Exchanges the contents of the JSON value from @a left with those of @a right. Does not
+    invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All
+    iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is
+    invalidated. implemented as a friend function callable via ADL.
+
+    @param[in,out] left JSON value to exchange the contents with
+    @param[in,out] right JSON value to exchange the contents with
+
+    @complexity Constant.
+
+    @liveexample{The example below shows how JSON values can be swapped with
+    `swap()`.,swap__reference}
+
+    @since version 1.0.0
+    */
+    friend void swap(reference left, reference right) noexcept (
+        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&&
+        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
+    )
+    {
+        left.swap(right);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief exchanges the values
+
     Exchanges the contents of a JSON array with those of @a other. Does not
     invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All
     iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is
@@ -21894,27 +22647,27 @@ class basic_json
                     return false;
             }
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer && rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
         {
             return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_integer) == rhs.m_value.number_float;
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float && rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
         {
             return lhs.m_value.number_float == static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_integer);
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned && rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
         {
             return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) == rhs.m_value.number_float;
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float && rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
         {
             return lhs.m_value.number_float == static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned && rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
         {
             return static_cast<number_integer_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) == rhs.m_value.number_integer;
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer && rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
         {
             return lhs.m_value.number_integer == static_cast<number_integer_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
         }
@@ -21964,7 +22717,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
     {
-        return not (lhs == rhs);
+        return !(lhs == rhs);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -22057,27 +22810,27 @@ class basic_json
                     return false;
             }
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer && rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
         {
             return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_integer) < rhs.m_value.number_float;
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float && rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
         {
             return lhs.m_value.number_float < static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_integer);
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned && rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
         {
             return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) < rhs.m_value.number_float;
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float && rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
         {
             return lhs.m_value.number_float < static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer && rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
         {
             return lhs.m_value.number_integer < static_cast<number_integer_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
         }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
+        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned && rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
         {
             return static_cast<number_integer_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) < rhs.m_value.number_integer;
         }
@@ -22131,7 +22884,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     friend bool operator<=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
     {
-        return not (rhs < lhs);
+        return !(rhs < lhs);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -22177,7 +22930,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     friend bool operator>(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
     {
-        return not (lhs <= rhs);
+        return !(lhs <= rhs);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -22223,7 +22976,7 @@ class basic_json
     */
     friend bool operator>=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
     {
-        return not (lhs < rhs);
+        return !(lhs < rhs);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -22344,6 +23097,9 @@ class basic_json
     (optional)
     @param[in] allow_exceptions  whether to throw exceptions in case of a
     parse error (optional, true by default)
+    @param[in] ignore_comments  whether comments should be ignored and treated
+    like whitespace (true) or yield a parse error (true); (optional, false by
+    default)
 
     @return deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and
             @a allow_exceptions set to `false`, the return value will be
@@ -22372,16 +23128,18 @@ class basic_json
     @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading
     from a contiguous container.,parse__contiguouscontainer__parser_callback_t}
 
-    @since version 2.0.3 (contiguous containers)
+    @since version 2.0.3 (contiguous containers); version 3.9.0 allowed to
+    ignore comments.
     */
     template<typename InputType>
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     static basic_json parse(InputType&& i,
                             const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
-                            const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                            const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), cb, allow_exceptions).parse(true, result);
+        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), cb, allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result);
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -22398,6 +23156,9 @@ class basic_json
     (optional)
     @param[in] allow_exceptions  whether to throw exceptions in case of a
     parse error (optional, true by default)
+    @param[in] ignore_comments  whether comments should be ignored and treated
+    like whitespace (true) or yield a parse error (true); (optional, false by
+    default)
 
     @return deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and
             @a allow_exceptions set to `false`, the return value will be
@@ -22413,10 +23174,11 @@ class basic_json
     static basic_json parse(IteratorType first,
                             IteratorType last,
                             const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
-                            const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                            const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), cb, allow_exceptions).parse(true, result);
+        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), cb, allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result);
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -22424,10 +23186,11 @@ class basic_json
     JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, parse(ptr, ptr + len))
     static basic_json parse(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
                             const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
-                            const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                            const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        parser(i.get(), cb, allow_exceptions).parse(true, result);
+        parser(i.get(), cb, allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result);
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -22447,6 +23210,9 @@ class basic_json
       iterators.
 
     @param[in] i input to read from
+    @param[in] ignore_comments  whether comments should be ignored and treated
+    like whitespace (true) or yield a parse error (true); (optional, false by
+    default)
 
     @return Whether the input read from @a i is valid JSON.
 
@@ -22459,22 +23225,25 @@ class basic_json
     from a string.,accept__string}
     */
     template<typename InputType>
-    static bool accept(InputType&& i)
+    static bool accept(InputType&& i,
+                       const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
-        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i))).accept(true);
+        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
     }
 
     template<typename IteratorType>
-    static bool accept(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+    static bool accept(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
+                       const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
-        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last))).accept(true);
+        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
     }
 
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, accept(ptr, ptr + len))
-    static bool accept(detail::span_input_adapter&& i)
+    static bool accept(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
+                       const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
-        return parser(i.get()).accept(true);
+        return parser(i.get(), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
     }
 
     /*!
@@ -22494,6 +23263,9 @@ class basic_json
     @param[in,out] sax  SAX event listener
     @param[in] format  the format to parse (JSON, CBOR, MessagePack, or UBJSON)
     @param[in] strict  whether the input has to be consumed completely
+    @param[in] ignore_comments  whether comments should be ignored and treated
+    like whitespace (true) or yield a parse error (true); (optional, false by
+    default); only applies to the JSON file format.
 
     @return return value of the last processed SAX event
 
@@ -22518,11 +23290,12 @@ class basic_json
     JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
     static bool sax_parse(InputType&& i, SAX* sax,
                           input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
-                          const bool strict = true)
+                          const bool strict = true,
+                          const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         return format == input_format_t::json
-               ? parser(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
                : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
     }
 
@@ -22530,11 +23303,12 @@ class basic_json
     JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
     static bool sax_parse(IteratorType first, IteratorType last, SAX* sax,
                           input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
-                          const bool strict = true)
+                          const bool strict = true,
+                          const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         return format == input_format_t::json
-               ? parser(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
                : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
     }
 
@@ -22543,11 +23317,12 @@ class basic_json
     JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
     static bool sax_parse(detail::span_input_adapter&& i, SAX* sax,
                           input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
-                          const bool strict = true)
+                          const bool strict = true,
+                          const bool ignore_comments = false)
     {
         auto ia = i.get();
         return format == input_format_t::json
-               ? parser(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
                : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
     }
 
@@ -22749,7 +23524,6 @@ class basic_json
           - bignum (0xC2..0xC3)
           - decimal fraction (0xC4)
           - bigfloat (0xC5)
-          - tagged items (0xC6..0xD4, 0xD8..0xDB)
           - expected conversions (0xD5..0xD7)
           - simple values (0xE0..0xF3, 0xF8)
           - undefined (0xF7)
@@ -22765,7 +23539,7 @@ class basic_json
     vector in CBOR format.,to_cbor}
 
     @sa http://cbor.io
-    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for the
+    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool, const cbor_tag_handler_t) for the
         analogous deserialization
     @sa @ref to_msgpack(const basic_json&) for the related MessagePack format
     @sa @ref to_ubjson(const basic_json&, const bool, const bool) for the
@@ -22821,7 +23595,8 @@ class basic_json
     number_unsigned | 256..65535                        | uint 16          | 0xCD
     number_unsigned | 65536..4294967295                 | uint 32          | 0xCE
     number_unsigned | 4294967296..18446744073709551615  | uint 64          | 0xCF
-    number_float    | *any value*                       | float 64         | 0xCB
+    number_float    | *any value representable by a float*     | float 32 | 0xCA
+    number_float    | *any value NOT representable by a float* | float 64 | 0xCB
     string          | *length*: 0..31                   | fixstr           | 0xA0..0xBF
     string          | *length*: 32..255                 | str 8            | 0xD9
     string          | *length*: 256..65535              | str 16           | 0xDA
@@ -22845,9 +23620,6 @@ class basic_json
           - arrays with more than 4294967295 elements
           - objects with more than 4294967295 elements
 
-    @note The following MessagePack types are not used in the conversion:
-          - float 32 (0xCA)
-
     @note Any MessagePack output created @ref to_msgpack can be successfully
           parsed by @ref from_msgpack.
 
@@ -22916,6 +23688,7 @@ class basic_json
     number_unsigned | 256..32767                        | int16       | `I`
     number_unsigned | 32768..2147483647                 | int32       | `l`
     number_unsigned | 2147483648..9223372036854775807   | int64       | `L`
+    number_unsigned | 2147483649..18446744073709551615  | high-precision | `H`
     number_float    | *any value*                       | float64     | `D`
     string          | *with shortest length indicator*  | string      | `S`
     array           | *see notes on optimized format*   | array       | `[`
@@ -22926,7 +23699,6 @@ class basic_json
 
     @note The following values can **not** be converted to a UBJSON value:
           - strings with more than 9223372036854775807 bytes (theoretical)
-          - unsigned integer numbers above 9223372036854775807
 
     @note The following markers are not used in the conversion:
           - `Z`: no-op values are not created.
@@ -23138,7 +23910,6 @@ class basic_json
              - bignum (0xC2..0xC3)
              - decimal fraction (0xC4)
              - bigfloat (0xC5)
-             - tagged items (0xC6..0xD4, 0xD8..0xDB)
              - expected conversions (0xD5..0xD7)
              - simple values (0xE0..0xF3, 0xF8)
              - undefined (0xF7)
@@ -23155,6 +23926,7 @@ class basic_json
                        (true by default)
     @param[in] allow_exceptions  whether to throw exceptions in case of a
     parse error (optional, true by default)
+    @param[in] tag_handler how to treat CBOR tags (optional, error by default)
 
     @return deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and
             @a allow_exceptions set to `false`, the return value will be
@@ -23181,34 +23953,36 @@ class basic_json
     @since version 2.0.9; parameter @a start_index since 2.1.1; changed to
            consume input adapters, removed start_index parameter, and added
            @a strict parameter since 3.0.0; added @a allow_exceptions parameter
-           since 3.2.0
+           since 3.2.0; added @a tag_handler parameter since 3.9.0.
     */
     template<typename InputType>
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     static basic_json from_cbor(InputType&& i,
                                 const bool strict = true,
-                                const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                                const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                                const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
         basic_json result;
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler);
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
     /*!
-    @copydoc from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool)
+    @copydoc from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool, const cbor_tag_handler_t)
     */
     template<typename IteratorType>
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     static basic_json from_cbor(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
                                 const bool strict = true,
-                                const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                                const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                                const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
         basic_json result;
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler);
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23217,9 +23991,10 @@ class basic_json
     JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len))
     static basic_json from_cbor(const T* ptr, std::size_t len,
                                 const bool strict = true,
-                                const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                                const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                                const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
-        return from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len, strict, allow_exceptions);
+        return from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len, strict, allow_exceptions, tag_handler);
     }
 
 
@@ -23227,12 +24002,13 @@ class basic_json
     JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, from_cbor(ptr, ptr + len))
     static basic_json from_cbor(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
                                 const bool strict = true,
-                                const bool allow_exceptions = true)
+                                const bool allow_exceptions = true,
+                                const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
         basic_json result;
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = i.get();
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia)).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler);
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23310,7 +24086,7 @@ class basic_json
 
     @sa http://msgpack.org
     @sa @ref to_msgpack(const basic_json&) for the analogous serialization
-    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for the
+    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool, const cbor_tag_handler_t) for the
         related CBOR format
     @sa @ref from_ubjson(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for
         the related UBJSON format
@@ -23397,6 +24173,7 @@ class basic_json
     int16       | number_integer                          | `I`
     int32       | number_integer                          | `l`
     int64       | number_integer                          | `L`
+    high-precision number | number_integer, number_unsigned, or number_float - depends on number string | 'H'
     string      | string                                  | `S`
     char        | string                                  | `C`
     array       | array (optimized values are supported)  | `[`
@@ -23428,7 +24205,7 @@ class basic_json
     @sa http://ubjson.org
     @sa @ref to_ubjson(const basic_json&, const bool, const bool) for the
              analogous serialization
-    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for the
+    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool, const cbor_tag_handler_t) for the
         related CBOR format
     @sa @ref from_msgpack(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for
         the related MessagePack format
@@ -23543,7 +24320,7 @@ class basic_json
 
     @sa http://bsonspec.org/spec.html
     @sa @ref to_bson(const basic_json&) for the analogous serialization
-    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for the
+    @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool, const cbor_tag_handler_t) for the
         related CBOR format
     @sa @ref from_msgpack(detail::input_adapter&&, const bool, const bool) for
         the related MessagePack format
@@ -23962,7 +24739,7 @@ class basic_json
                     else
                     {
                         const auto idx = json_pointer::array_index(last_path);
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(static_cast<size_type>(idx) > parent.size()))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(idx > parent.size()))
                         {
                             // avoid undefined behavior
                             JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, "array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range"));
@@ -23976,7 +24753,7 @@ class basic_json
 
                 // if there exists a parent it cannot be primitive
                 default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                    JSON_ASSERT(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
         };
 
@@ -24005,12 +24782,12 @@ class basic_json
             else if (parent.is_array())
             {
                 // note erase performs range check
-                parent.erase(static_cast<size_type>(json_pointer::array_index(last_path)));
+                parent.erase(json_pointer::array_index(last_path));
             }
         };
 
         // type check: top level value must be an array
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not json_patch.is_array()))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!json_patch.is_array()))
         {
             JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(104, 0, "JSON patch must be an array of objects"));
         }
@@ -24036,7 +24813,7 @@ class basic_json
                 }
 
                 // check if result is of type string
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(string_type and not it->second.is_string()))
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(string_type && !it->second.is_string()))
                 {
                     JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, error_msg + " must have string member '" + member + "'"));
                 }
@@ -24046,14 +24823,14 @@ class basic_json
             };
 
             // type check: every element of the array must be an object
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not val.is_object()))
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!val.is_object()))
             {
                 JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(104, 0, "JSON patch must be an array of objects"));
             }
 
             // collect mandatory members
-            const std::string op = get_value("op", "op", true);
-            const std::string path = get_value(op, "path", true);
+            const auto op = get_value("op", "op", true).template get<std::string>();
+            const auto path = get_value(op, "path", true).template get<std::string>();
             json_pointer ptr(path);
 
             switch (get_op(op))
@@ -24079,7 +24856,7 @@ class basic_json
 
                 case patch_operations::move:
                 {
-                    const std::string from_path = get_value("move", "from", true);
+                    const auto from_path = get_value("move", "from", true).template get<std::string>();
                     json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
 
                     // the "from" location must exist - use at()
@@ -24096,7 +24873,7 @@ class basic_json
 
                 case patch_operations::copy:
                 {
-                    const std::string from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true);
+                    const auto from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true).template get<std::string>();
                     const json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
 
                     // the "from" location must exist - use at()
@@ -24124,7 +24901,7 @@ class basic_json
                     }
 
                     // throw an exception if test fails
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(not success))
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!success))
                     {
                         JSON_THROW(other_error::create(501, "unsuccessful: " + val.dump()));
                     }
@@ -24206,7 +24983,7 @@ class basic_json
             {
                 // first pass: traverse common elements
                 std::size_t i = 0;
-                while (i < source.size() and i < target.size())
+                while (i < source.size() && i < target.size())
                 {
                     // recursive call to compare array values at index i
                     auto temp_diff = diff(source[i], target[i], path + "/" + std::to_string(i));
@@ -24357,7 +25134,7 @@ class basic_json
     {
         if (apply_patch.is_object())
         {
-            if (not is_object())
+            if (!is_object())
             {
                 *this = object();
             }
@@ -24417,9 +25194,7 @@ struct hash<nlohmann::json>
     */
     std::size_t operator()(const nlohmann::json& j) const
     {
-        // a naive hashing via the string representation
-        const auto& h = hash<nlohmann::json::string_t>();
-        return h(j.dump());
+        return nlohmann::detail::hash(j);
     }
 };
 
@@ -24440,6 +25215,9 @@ struct less<::nlohmann::detail::value_t>
     }
 };
 
+// C++20 prohibit function specialization in the std namespace.
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+
 /*!
 @brief exchanges the values of two JSON objects
 
@@ -24447,13 +25225,15 @@ struct less<::nlohmann::detail::value_t>
 */
 template<>
 inline void swap<nlohmann::json>(nlohmann::json& j1, nlohmann::json& j2) noexcept(
-    is_nothrow_move_constructible<nlohmann::json>::value and
+    is_nothrow_move_constructible<nlohmann::json>::value&&
     is_nothrow_move_assignable<nlohmann::json>::value
-)
+                              )
 {
     j1.swap(j2);
 }
 
+#endif
+
 } // namespace std
 
 /*!
@@ -24506,6 +25286,7 @@ inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator "" _json_pointer(const char* s, std
 #endif
 
 // clean up
+#undef JSON_ASSERT
 #undef JSON_INTERNAL_CATCH
 #undef JSON_CATCH
 #undef JSON_THROW
@@ -24514,6 +25295,7 @@ inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator "" _json_pointer(const char* s, std
 #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
 #undef NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
 #undef NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL
+#undef JSON_EXPLICIT
 
 // #include <nlohmann/thirdparty/hedley/hedley_undef.hpp>
 #undef JSON_HEDLEY_ALWAYS_INLINE