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Release 0.11.0 (development release)

New features since last release

  • Conversion Clifford+T gates to Pauli Product Rotation (PPR) and measurement to Pauli Product Measurement (PPM) are now available through the to_ppr pass transform. (#1499) (#1551) (#1564)

    Supported gate conversions:

    • H gate → PPR with (Z · X · Z)π/4
    • S gate → PPR with (Z)π/4
    • T gate → PPR with (Z)π/8
    • CNOT → PPR with (Z ⊗ X)π/4 · (Z ⊗ 1)−π/4 · (1 ⊗ X)−π/4

    Example:

        @qjit(keep_intermediate=True)
    @to_ppr
    @qml.qnode(dev)
    def circuit():
        qml.H(0)
        qml.S(1)
        qml.T(0)
        qml.CNOT([0, 1])
        m1 = catalyst.measure(wires=0)
        m2 = catalyst.measure(wires=1)
        return m1, m2
    circuit()

    The PPRs and PPMs are currently only represented symbolically. However, these operations are not yet executable on any backend since they exist purely as intermediate representations for analysis and potential future execution when a suitable backend is available.

    Example MLIR Representation:

      . . .
    %0 = quantum.alloc( 2) : !quantum.reg
    %1 = quantum.extract %0[ 1] : !quantum.reg -> !quantum.bit
    %2 = qec.ppr ["Z"](4) %1 : !quantum.bit
    %3 = quantum.extract %0[ 0] : !quantum.reg -> !quantum.bit
    %4 = qec.ppr ["Z"](4) %3 : !quantum.bit
    %5 = qec.ppr ["X"](4) %4 : !quantum.bit
    %6 = qec.ppr ["Z"](4) %5 : !quantum.bit
    %7 = qec.ppr ["Z"](8) %6 : !quantum.bit
    %8:2 = qec.ppr ["Z", "X"](4) %7, %2 : !quantum.bit, !quantum.bit
    %9 = qec.ppr ["Z"](-4) %8#0 : !quantum.bit
    %10 = qec.ppr ["X"](-4) %8#1 : !quantum.bit
    %mres, %out_qubits = qec.ppm ["Z"] %9 : !quantum.bit
    %mres_0, %out_qubits_1 = qec.ppm ["Z"] %10 : !quantum.bit
  . . .

Improvements 🛠

  • Changed pattern rewritting in quantum-to-ion lowering pass to use MLIR's dialect conversion infrastracture. (#1442)

  • Extend merge-rotations peephole optimization pass to also merge compatible rotation gates (either both controlled, or both uncontrolled) where rotation angles are any combination of static constants or dynamic values. (#1489)

  • Catalyst now supports experimental capture of cond, for_loop and while_loop control flow. (#1468) (#1509) (#1521)

    To trigger the PennyLane pipeline for capturing the program as a Jaxpr, simply set experimental_capture=True in the qjit decorator.

    import pennylane as qml
from catalyst import qjit

dev = qml.device("lightning.qubit", wires=1)

@qjit(experimental_capture=True)
@qml.qnode(dev)
def circuit(x: float):

    def ansatz_true():
        qml.RX(x, wires=0)
        qml.Hadamard(wires=0)

    def ansatz_false():
        qml.RY(x, wires=0)

    qml.cond(x > 1.4, ansatz_true, ansatz_false)()

    return qml.expval(qml.Z(0))

  • Catalyst now supports experimental capture of qml.transforms.cancel_inverses and qml.transforms.merge_rotations transforms. (#1544) (#1561)

    To trigger the PennyLane pipeline for capturing the mentioned transforms, simply set experimental_capture=True in the qjit decorator. Catalyst will then apply its own pass in replacement of the original transform provided by PennyLane.

    import pennylane as qml
from catalyst import qjit

dev = qml.device("lightning.qubit", wires=1)

@qjit(experimental_capture=True)
def func(x: float):
    @qml.transforms.cancel_inverses
    @qml.qnode(dev)
    def circuit(x: float):
        qml.RX(x, wires=0)
        qml.Hadamard(wires=0)
        qml.Hadamard(wires=0)
        return qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0))

    return circuit(x)

  • Changes to reduce compile time:

    • Turn off MLIR's verifier. (#1513)
    • Remove unnecessary I/O. (#1514)
    • Sort improvements to reduce complexity and memory. (#1524)
    • Lazy IR canonicalization and LLVMIR textual generation. (#1530)

  • Changes to support a dynamic number of qubits:

    • The qalloc_p custom JAX primitive can now take in a dynamic number of qubits as a tracer and lower it to mlir. (#1549)

    • ComputationalBasisOp can now take in a quantum register in mlir, instead of an explicit, fixed-size list of qubits. (#1553)

Breaking changes 💔

Deprecations 👋

Bug fixes 🐛

  • Fixed argnums parameter of grad and value_and_grad being ignored. (#1478)

  • Fixed an issue ((#1488)) where Catalyst could give incorrect results for circuits containing qml.StatePrep. (#1491)

  • Fixes an issue ((#1501)) where using autograph in conjunction with catalyst passes causes a crash. (#1541)

Internal changes ⚙️

  • Updated the call signature for the PLXPR qnode_prim primitive. (#1538)

  • Update deprecated access to QNode.execute_kwargs["mcm_config"]. Instead postselect_mode and mcm_method should be accessed instead. (#1452)

  • from_plxpr now uses the qml.capture.PlxprInterpreter class for reduced code duplication. (#1398)

  • Improve the error message for invalid measurement in adjoin() or ctrl() region. (#1425)

  • Replace ValueRange with ResultRange and Value with OpResult to better align with the semantics of **QubitResult() functions like getNonCtrlQubitResults(). This change ensures clearer intent and usage. Improve the matchAndRewrite function by using replaceAllUsesWith instead of for loop. (#1426)

  • Several changes for experimental support of trapped-ion OQD devices have been made, including:

    • The get_c_interface method has been added to the OQD device, which enables retrieval of the C++ implementation of the device from Python. This allows qjit to accept an instance of the device and connect to its runtime. (#1420)

    • Improved ion dialect to reduce redundant code generated. Added a string attribute label to Level. Also changed the levels of a transition from LevelAttr to string (#1471)

    • The region of a ParallelProtocolOp is now always terminated with a ion::YieldOp with explicitly yielded SSA values. This ensures the op is well-formed, and improves readability. (#1475)

    • Add a new pass convert-ion-to-llvm which lowers the Ion dialect to llvm dialect. This pass introduces oqd device specific stubs that will be implemented in oqd runtime including: @ __catalyst__oqd__pulse, @ __catalyst__oqd__ParallelProtocol. (#1466)

    • The OQD device can now generate OpenAPL JSON specs during runtime. The oqd stubs @ __catalyst__oqd__pulse, and @ __catalyst__oqd__ParallelProtocol, which are called in the llvm dialect after the aforementioned lowering ((#1466)), are defined to produce JSON specs that OpenAPL expects. (#1516)

    • The OQD device is moved from frontend/catalyst/third_party/oqd to runtime/lib/backend/oqd. An overall switch, ENABLE_OQD, is added to control the OQD build system from a single entry point. The switch is OFF by default, and OQD can be built from source via make all ENABLE_OQD=ON, or make runtime ENABLE_OQD=ON. (#1508)

    • Ion dialect now supports phonon modes using ion.modes operation. (#1517)

    • Rotation angles are normalized to avoid negative duration for pulses during ion dialect lowering. (#1517)

    • Catalyst now generates OpenAPL programs for Pennylane circuits of up to two qubits using the OQD device. (#1517)

    • The end-to-end compilation pipeline for OQD devices is available as an API function. (#1545)

  • Update source code to comply with changes requested by black v25.1.0 (#1490)

  • Revert StaticCustomOp in favour of adding helper functions (isStatic(), getStaticParams() to the CustomOp which preserves the same functionality. More specifically, this reverts [#1387] and [#1396], modifies [#1484]. (#1558) (#1555)

  • Updated the c++ standard in mlir layer from 17 to 20. (#1229)

Documentation 📝

Contributors ✍️

This release contains contributions from (in alphabetical order):

Joey Carter, Yushao Chen, Zach Goldthorpe, Sengthai Heng, David Ittah, Rohan Nolan Lasrado, Christina Lee, Mehrdad Malekmohammadi, Erick Ochoa Lopez, Andrija Paurevic, Raul Torres, Paul Haochen Wang.