diff --git a/adapter/provider/provider.go b/adapter/provider/provider.go
index 4381c24d9..79a752a65 100644
--- a/adapter/provider/provider.go
+++ b/adapter/provider/provider.go
@@ -71,19 +71,15 @@ func (pp *proxySetProvider) HealthCheck() {
 }
 
 func (pp *proxySetProvider) Update() error {
-	elm, same, err := pp.Fetcher.Update()
-	if err == nil && !same {
-		pp.OnUpdate(elm)
-	}
+	_, _, err := pp.Fetcher.Update()
 	return err
 }
 
 func (pp *proxySetProvider) Initial() error {
-	elm, err := pp.Fetcher.Initial()
+	_, err := pp.Fetcher.Initial()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	pp.OnUpdate(elm)
 	pp.getSubscriptionInfo()
 	pp.closeAllConnections()
 	return nil
diff --git a/component/profile/cachefile/cache.go b/component/profile/cachefile/cache.go
index e3da03699..0591c92b7 100644
--- a/component/profile/cachefile/cache.go
+++ b/component/profile/cachefile/cache.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package cachefile
 
 import (
+	"math"
 	"os"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ var (
 
 	bucketSelected = []byte("selected")
 	bucketFakeip   = []byte("fakeip")
+	bucketETag     = []byte("etag")
 )
 
 // CacheFile store and update the cache file
@@ -143,6 +145,59 @@ func (c *CacheFile) FlushFakeIP() error {
 	return err
 }
 
+func (c *CacheFile) SetETagWithHash(url string, hash []byte, etag string) {
+	if c.DB == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	lenHash := len(hash)
+	if lenHash > math.MaxUint8 {
+		return // maybe panic is better
+	}
+
+	data := make([]byte, 1, 1+lenHash+len(etag))
+	data[0] = uint8(lenHash)
+	data = append(data, hash...)
+	data = append(data, etag...)
+
+	err := c.DB.Batch(func(t *bbolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket, err := t.CreateBucketIfNotExists(bucketETag)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return bucket.Put([]byte(url), data)
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnln("[CacheFile] write cache to %s failed: %s", c.DB.Path(), err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+}
+func (c *CacheFile) GetETagWithHash(key string) (hash []byte, etag string) {
+	if c.DB == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	var value []byte
+	c.DB.View(func(t *bbolt.Tx) error {
+		if bucket := t.Bucket(bucketETag); bucket != nil {
+			if v := bucket.Get([]byte(key)); v != nil {
+				value = v
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if len(value) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	lenHash := int(value[0])
+	if len(value) < 1+lenHash {
+		return
+	}
+	hash = value[1 : 1+lenHash]
+	etag = string(value[1+lenHash:])
+	return
+}
+
 func (c *CacheFile) Close() error {
 	return c.DB.Close()
 }
diff --git a/component/resource/fetcher.go b/component/resource/fetcher.go
index fec9fe771..0b15e6c32 100644
--- a/component/resource/fetcher.go
+++ b/component/resource/fetcher.go
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 package resource
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"crypto/md5"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"time"
@@ -29,10 +27,10 @@ type Fetcher[V any] struct {
 	name         string
 	vehicle      types.Vehicle
 	updatedAt    time.Time
-	hash         [16]byte
+	hash         types.HashType
 	parser       Parser[V]
 	interval     time.Duration
-	OnUpdate     func(V)
+	onUpdate     func(V)
 	watcher      *fswatch.Watcher
 }
 
@@ -54,92 +52,63 @@ func (f *Fetcher[V]) UpdatedAt() time.Time {
 
 func (f *Fetcher[V]) Initial() (V, error) {
 	var (
-		buf         []byte
-		err         error
-		isLocal     bool
-		forceUpdate bool
+		buf      []byte
+		contents V
+		err      error
 	)
 
 	if stat, fErr := os.Stat(f.vehicle.Path()); fErr == nil {
+		// local file exists, use it first
 		buf, err = os.ReadFile(f.vehicle.Path())
 		modTime := stat.ModTime()
-		f.updatedAt = modTime
-		isLocal = true
-		if time.Since(modTime) > f.interval {
-			forceUpdate = true
+		contents, _, err = f.loadBuf(buf, types.MakeHash(buf), false)
+		f.updatedAt = modTime // reset updatedAt to file's modTime
+
+		if err == nil {
+			err = f.startPullLoop(time.Since(modTime) > f.interval)
+			if err != nil {
+				return lo.Empty[V](), err
+			}
+			return contents, nil
 		}
-	} else {
-		buf, err = f.vehicle.Read(f.ctx)
-		f.updatedAt = time.Now()
 	}
 
+	// parse local file error, fallback to remote
+	contents, _, err = f.Update()
+
 	if err != nil {
 		return lo.Empty[V](), err
 	}
-
-	contents, err := f.parser(buf)
+	err = f.startPullLoop(false)
 	if err != nil {
-		if !isLocal {
-			return lo.Empty[V](), err
-		}
-
-		// parse local file error, fallback to remote
-		buf, err = f.vehicle.Read(f.ctx)
-		if err != nil {
-			return lo.Empty[V](), err
-		}
-
-		contents, err = f.parser(buf)
-		if err != nil {
-			return lo.Empty[V](), err
-		}
-
-		isLocal = false
-	}
-
-	if f.vehicle.Type() != types.File && !isLocal {
-		if err := safeWrite(f.vehicle.Path(), buf); err != nil {
-			return lo.Empty[V](), err
-		}
-	}
-
-	f.hash = md5.Sum(buf)
-
-	// pull contents automatically
-	if f.vehicle.Type() == types.File {
-		f.watcher, err = fswatch.NewWatcher(fswatch.Options{
-			Path:     []string{f.vehicle.Path()},
-			Direct:   true,
-			Callback: f.update,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return lo.Empty[V](), err
-		}
-		err = f.watcher.Start()
-		if err != nil {
-			return lo.Empty[V](), err
-		}
-	} else if f.interval > 0 {
-		go f.pullLoop(forceUpdate)
+		return lo.Empty[V](), err
 	}
-
 	return contents, nil
 }
 
 func (f *Fetcher[V]) Update() (V, bool, error) {
-	buf, err := f.vehicle.Read(f.ctx)
+	buf, hash, err := f.vehicle.Read(f.ctx, f.hash)
 	if err != nil {
 		return lo.Empty[V](), false, err
 	}
-	return f.SideUpdate(buf)
+	return f.loadBuf(buf, hash, f.vehicle.Type() != types.File)
 }
 
 func (f *Fetcher[V]) SideUpdate(buf []byte) (V, bool, error) {
+	return f.loadBuf(buf, types.MakeHash(buf), true)
+}
+
+func (f *Fetcher[V]) loadBuf(buf []byte, hash types.HashType, updateFile bool) (V, bool, error) {
 	now := time.Now()
-	hash := md5.Sum(buf)
-	if bytes.Equal(f.hash[:], hash[:]) {
+	if f.hash.Equal(hash) {
+		if updateFile {
+			_ = os.Chtimes(f.vehicle.Path(), now, now)
+		}
 		f.updatedAt = now
-		_ = os.Chtimes(f.vehicle.Path(), now, now)
+		return lo.Empty[V](), true, nil
+	}
+
+	if buf == nil { // f.hash has been changed between f.vehicle.Read but should not happen (cause by concurrent)
 		return lo.Empty[V](), true, nil
 	}
 
@@ -148,15 +117,18 @@ func (f *Fetcher[V]) SideUpdate(buf []byte) (V, bool, error) {
 		return lo.Empty[V](), false, err
 	}
 
-	if f.vehicle.Type() != types.File {
+	if updateFile {
 		if err = safeWrite(f.vehicle.Path(), buf); err != nil {
 			return lo.Empty[V](), false, err
 		}
 	}
-
 	f.updatedAt = now
 	f.hash = hash
 
+	if f.onUpdate != nil {
+		f.onUpdate(contents)
+	}
+
 	return contents, false, nil
 }
 
@@ -176,7 +148,7 @@ func (f *Fetcher[V]) pullLoop(forceUpdate bool) {
 
 	if forceUpdate {
 		log.Warnln("[Provider] %s not updated for a long time, force refresh", f.Name())
-		f.update(f.vehicle.Path())
+		f.updateWithLog()
 	}
 
 	timer := time.NewTimer(initialInterval)
@@ -185,15 +157,40 @@ func (f *Fetcher[V]) pullLoop(forceUpdate bool) {
 		select {
 		case <-timer.C:
 			timer.Reset(f.interval)
-			f.update(f.vehicle.Path())
+			f.updateWithLog()
 		case <-f.ctx.Done():
 			return
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (f *Fetcher[V]) update(path string) {
-	elm, same, err := f.Update()
+func (f *Fetcher[V]) startPullLoop(forceUpdate bool) (err error) {
+	// pull contents automatically
+	if f.vehicle.Type() == types.File {
+		f.watcher, err = fswatch.NewWatcher(fswatch.Options{
+			Path:     []string{f.vehicle.Path()},
+			Direct:   true,
+			Callback: f.updateCallback,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		err = f.watcher.Start()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if f.interval > 0 {
+		go f.pullLoop(forceUpdate)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (f *Fetcher[V]) updateCallback(path string) {
+	f.updateWithLog()
+}
+
+func (f *Fetcher[V]) updateWithLog() {
+	_, same, err := f.Update()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Errorln("[Provider] %s pull error: %s", f.Name(), err.Error())
 		return
@@ -205,9 +202,7 @@ func (f *Fetcher[V]) update(path string) {
 	}
 
 	log.Infoln("[Provider] %s's content update", f.Name())
-	if f.OnUpdate != nil {
-		f.OnUpdate(elm)
-	}
+	return
 }
 
 func safeWrite(path string, buf []byte) error {
@@ -230,7 +225,7 @@ func NewFetcher[V any](name string, interval time.Duration, vehicle types.Vehicl
 		name:      name,
 		vehicle:   vehicle,
 		parser:    parser,
-		OnUpdate:  onUpdate,
+		onUpdate:  onUpdate,
 		interval:  interval,
 	}
 }
diff --git a/component/resource/vehicle.go b/component/resource/vehicle.go
index 74324e6d3..ccc59aece 100644
--- a/component/resource/vehicle.go
+++ b/component/resource/vehicle.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	mihomoHttp "github.com/metacubex/mihomo/component/http"
+	"github.com/metacubex/mihomo/component/profile/cachefile"
 	types "github.com/metacubex/mihomo/constant/provider"
 )
 
@@ -28,8 +29,13 @@ func (f *FileVehicle) Url() string {
 	return "file://" + f.path
 }
 
-func (f *FileVehicle) Read(ctx context.Context) ([]byte, error) {
-	return os.ReadFile(f.path)
+func (f *FileVehicle) Read(ctx context.Context, oldHash types.HashType) (buf []byte, hash types.HashType, err error) {
+	buf, err = os.ReadFile(f.path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	hash = types.MakeHash(buf)
+	return
 }
 
 func (f *FileVehicle) Proxy() string {
@@ -63,24 +69,49 @@ func (h *HTTPVehicle) Proxy() string {
 	return h.proxy
 }
 
-func (h *HTTPVehicle) Read(ctx context.Context) ([]byte, error) {
+func (h *HTTPVehicle) Read(ctx context.Context, oldHash types.HashType) (buf []byte, hash types.HashType, err error) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*20)
 	defer cancel()
-	resp, err := mihomoHttp.HttpRequestWithProxy(ctx, h.url, http.MethodGet, h.header, nil, h.proxy)
+	header := h.header
+	setIfNoneMatch := false
+	if oldHash.IsValid() {
+		hashBytes, etag := cachefile.Cache().GetETagWithHash(h.url)
+		if oldHash.EqualBytes(hashBytes) && etag != "" {
+			if header == nil {
+				header = http.Header{}
+			} else {
+				header = header.Clone()
+			}
+			header.Set("If-None-Match", etag)
+			setIfNoneMatch = true
+		}
+	}
+	resp, err := mihomoHttp.HttpRequestWithProxy(ctx, h.url, http.MethodGet, header, nil, h.proxy)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode > 299 {
-		return nil, errors.New(resp.Status)
+		if setIfNoneMatch && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusNotModified {
+			return nil, oldHash, nil
+		}
+		err = errors.New(resp.Status)
+		return
 	}
-	buf, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	buf, err = io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return
 	}
-	return buf, nil
+	hash = types.MakeHash(buf)
+	cachefile.Cache().SetETagWithHash(h.url, hash.Bytes(), resp.Header.Get("ETag"))
+	return
 }
 
 func NewHTTPVehicle(url string, path string, proxy string, header http.Header) *HTTPVehicle {
-	return &HTTPVehicle{url, path, proxy, header}
+	return &HTTPVehicle{
+		url:    url,
+		path:   path,
+		proxy:  proxy,
+		header: header,
+	}
 }
diff --git a/constant/provider/hash.go b/constant/provider/hash.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b95ffe234
--- /dev/null
+++ b/constant/provider/hash.go
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package provider
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/md5"
+)
+
+type HashType [md5.Size]byte // MD5
+
+func MakeHash(data []byte) HashType {
+	return md5.Sum(data)
+}
+
+func (h HashType) Equal(hash HashType) bool {
+	return h == hash
+}
+
+func (h HashType) EqualBytes(hashBytes []byte) bool {
+	return bytes.Equal(hashBytes, h[:])
+}
+
+func (h HashType) Bytes() []byte {
+	return h[:]
+}
+
+func (h HashType) IsValid() bool {
+	var zero HashType
+	return h != zero
+}
diff --git a/constant/provider/interface.go b/constant/provider/interface.go
index 9d24f6917..2c83a1b88 100644
--- a/constant/provider/interface.go
+++ b/constant/provider/interface.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func (v VehicleType) String() string {
 }
 
 type Vehicle interface {
-	Read(ctx context.Context) ([]byte, error)
+	Read(ctx context.Context, oldHash HashType) (buf []byte, hash HashType, err error)
 	Path() string
 	Url() string
 	Proxy() string
diff --git a/rules/provider/provider.go b/rules/provider/provider.go
index ad720d477..0cbf83bac 100644
--- a/rules/provider/provider.go
+++ b/rules/provider/provider.go
@@ -66,22 +66,12 @@ func (rp *ruleSetProvider) Type() P.ProviderType {
 }
 
 func (rp *ruleSetProvider) Initial() error {
-	elm, err := rp.Fetcher.Initial()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	rp.OnUpdate(elm)
-	return nil
+	_, err := rp.Fetcher.Initial()
+	return err
 }
 
 func (rp *ruleSetProvider) Update() error {
-	elm, same, err := rp.Fetcher.Update()
-	if err == nil && !same {
-		rp.OnUpdate(elm)
-		return nil
-	}
-
+	_, _, err := rp.Fetcher.Update()
 	return err
 }