diff --git a/pandas/core/strings/accessor.py b/pandas/core/strings/accessor.py
index 43df34a7ecbb26..c2b2454c1b8581 100644
--- a/pandas/core/strings/accessor.py
+++ b/pandas/core/strings/accessor.py
@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import codecs
 from functools import wraps
 import re
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
-    Dict,
     Hashable,
-    List,
-    Optional,
     Pattern,
-    Union,
 )
 import warnings
 
@@ -43,7 +41,7 @@
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pandas import Index
 
-_shared_docs: Dict[str, str] = {}
+_shared_docs: dict[str, str] = {}
 _cpython_optimized_encoders = (
     "utf-8",
     "utf8",
@@ -325,7 +323,7 @@ def cons_row(x):
         else:
             index = self._orig.index
             # This is a mess.
-            dtype: Optional[str]
+            dtype: str | None
             if self._is_string and returns_string:
                 dtype = self._orig.dtype
             else:
@@ -391,7 +389,7 @@ def _get_series_list(self, others):
                 or (isinstance(x, np.ndarray) and x.ndim == 1)
                 for x in others
             ):
-                los: List[Series] = []
+                los: list[Series] = []
                 while others:  # iterate through list and append each element
                     los = los + self._get_series_list(others.pop(0))
                 return los
@@ -2292,7 +2290,7 @@ def findall(self, pat, flags=0):
     @forbid_nonstring_types(["bytes"])
     def extract(
         self, pat: str, flags: int = 0, expand: bool = True
-    ) -> Union[FrameOrSeriesUnion, "Index"]:
+    ) -> FrameOrSeriesUnion | Index:
         r"""
         Extract capture groups in the regex `pat` as columns in a DataFrame.
 
@@ -2733,7 +2731,7 @@ def len(self):
     #   boolean:
     #     isalpha, isnumeric isalnum isdigit isdecimal isspace islower isupper istitle
     # _doc_args holds dict of strings to use in substituting casemethod docs
-    _doc_args: Dict[str, Dict[str, str]] = {}
+    _doc_args: dict[str, dict[str, str]] = {}
     _doc_args["lower"] = {"type": "lowercase", "method": "lower", "version": ""}
     _doc_args["upper"] = {"type": "uppercase", "method": "upper", "version": ""}
     _doc_args["title"] = {"type": "titlecase", "method": "title", "version": ""}
@@ -2971,7 +2969,7 @@ def casefold(self):
     )
 
 
-def cat_safe(list_of_columns: List, sep: str):
+def cat_safe(list_of_columns: list, sep: str):
     """
     Auxiliary function for :meth:`str.cat`.
 
@@ -3007,7 +3005,7 @@ def cat_safe(list_of_columns: List, sep: str):
     return result
 
 
-def cat_core(list_of_columns: List, sep: str):
+def cat_core(list_of_columns: list, sep: str):
     """
     Auxiliary function for :meth:`str.cat`
 
@@ -3053,7 +3051,7 @@ def _get_single_group_name(regex: Pattern) -> Hashable:
         return None
 
 
-def _get_group_names(regex: Pattern) -> List[Hashable]:
+def _get_group_names(regex: Pattern) -> list[Hashable]:
     """
     Get named groups from compiled regex.
 
@@ -3119,7 +3117,7 @@ def str_extract(accessor: StringMethods, pat: str, flags: int = 0, expand: bool
         else:
             result_list = _str_extract(obj.array, pat, flags=flags, expand=returns_df)
 
-            result_index: Optional["Index"]
+            result_index: Index | None
             if isinstance(obj, ABCSeries):
                 result_index = obj.index
             else:
diff --git a/pandas/core/strings/base.py b/pandas/core/strings/base.py
index a77f8861a7c02d..add156efc02637 100644
--- a/pandas/core/strings/base.py
+++ b/pandas/core/strings/base.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import abc
-from typing import (
-    Pattern,
-    Union,
-)
+from typing import Pattern
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ def _str_match(
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def _str_fullmatch(
         self,
-        pat: Union[str, Pattern],
+        pat: str | Pattern,
         case: bool = True,
         flags: int = 0,
         na: Scalar = np.nan,
diff --git a/pandas/core/strings/object_array.py b/pandas/core/strings/object_array.py
index 869eabc76b5557..401e0217d5adf2 100644
--- a/pandas/core/strings/object_array.py
+++ b/pandas/core/strings/object_array.py
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import re
 import textwrap
-from typing import (
-    Optional,
-    Pattern,
-    Set,
-    Union,
-)
+from typing import Pattern
 import unicodedata
 
 import numpy as np
@@ -38,7 +35,7 @@ def __len__(self):
         # For typing, _str_map relies on the object being sized.
         raise NotImplementedError
 
-    def _str_map(self, f, na_value=None, dtype: Optional[Dtype] = None):
+    def _str_map(self, f, na_value=None, dtype: Dtype | None = None):
         """
         Map a callable over valid element of the array.
 
@@ -198,7 +195,7 @@ def _str_match(
 
     def _str_fullmatch(
         self,
-        pat: Union[str, Pattern],
+        pat: str | Pattern,
         case: bool = True,
         flags: int = 0,
         na: Scalar = None,
@@ -339,7 +336,7 @@ def _str_get_dummies(self, sep="|"):
         except TypeError:
             arr = sep + arr.astype(str) + sep
 
-        tags: Set[str] = set()
+        tags: set[str] = set()
         for ts in Series(arr).str.split(sep):
             tags.update(ts)
         tags2 = sorted(tags - {""})